...Article Review on “Ethical Investment Processes and Outcomes” Article Review on “Ethical Investment Processes and Outcomes” The paper studies the motives and actions of individual and institutional investors, discusses the various mechanisms associated with ethical investment, and assesses the impact of ethical investment on the behavior of the organization. This paper highlights the key themes in the field and identifies some of the major theoretical and practical challenges facing both scholars and practitioners. Ethical investment has emerged in recent years as a fashionable and increasingly popular topic in the financial services industry. Objectives • To highlight the key themes in the research literature. • To evaluate the outcomes of ethical investment for special interest groups. • To discuss the various processes or mechanisms associated with ethical investment. • To assess the impact of ethical investment on the behavior of the organization. Processes Process of socially responsible investing includes the development of mechanisms which inform actual and potential investors about the involvement of organizations in activities which are seen either as of concern or are attractive in ethical terms. There are two major ways of establishing whether an investment is ethical. The first is to apply a negative screen (a "never if" case) whereby certain businesses are avoided, presumably because they are injurious to human health. The second way is to apply a positive...
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...An Article Review on “Ethical Investment Processes and Outcomes” The article titled “Ethical Investment Processes and Outcomes”was written by Grant Michelson, Nick Wailes, Sandra van der Lean, and Geoff Frost. It was published in Journal of Business Ethics by Springer. This article presents the overview of the current debates of the ethical investment and helps in better understanding the complexity of the relationship between the investment practices and corporate behavior. This paper provides the knowledge into the process and outcomes of the ethical investment from the decision by the individual and institution to invest right through to the consequences of ethical investment for special interest groups. Besides, it also determines who invests in socially responsible investment, the process of ethical investments, does the ethical investment pay s or not, does it matter or not and the future challenges it possess. The author has been able to make us clear about what actually is the ethical investment. The processes of ethical investment mentioned are also quite clear i.e. more emphasis have been given to the screening part of the investment portfolio. In the overall basis, he has been able to make the vision clear of the readers about the issue. They have made the summation of the issue very clear. But however, it doesn’t provide adequate research evidence in order to support the idea related to who actually invests in the socially responsible investment. In some cases...
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...Literature Review (8-10 pages 12 sources) The Importance of Retention Systems in Human Resource Management Abstract Retention systems is one of the most important components of a staffing system within an organization. Human Resources is responsible for obtaining human capital in order for an organization to obtain and maintain productivity and profits. Human capital is a major expense and investment within organizations. If the organization is unable to retain its workers, the organization nets substantial losses on each employee it is not able to retain. Losses presents themselves not only in production costs, but training and development dollars invested in the employees as well, in addition to recruitment and hiring costs. My literature review will introduce and evaluate common types of retention systems used by staffing systems and their effectiveness in the workplace. Author of “An Analysis of Human Resource Information Systems impact on Employees”, Kelly O. Weeks describes the overall basic benefits of Human Resource Information Systems. She states in her article “systems give the organization the ability to consistently develop and manage employees based on the value of an individual's contribution”. The article also describes the various ways in which HR systems can improve job productivity by cutting repetitive work, and increasing the speed in which manual processes are managed. This article provides a basic general educational foundation and working knowledge...
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...Literature Review of Strategic Business Analysis Tools: Research Ethics: PEST, BCG and Porter’s Five-Force Model Abstract This literature review takes the work of twelve different scholarly peered-reviewed resources and explains the outcome of their studies. All of the studies were conducted with different strategic analysis tools and how the use of ethics plays a role in each model. Although there are many strategic tools for managers to use, this literature review focuses in on only three tools. The three strategic analysis tools researched in this literature review are the PEST analysis, the BCG growth matrix, and Porter’s five-force model. This literature review compares the work of the different articles to show how each strategic tool was used in the different articles and where ethics play a role in each research method. The end of the literature review entails different recommendations on how to further the research for a better understanding of these strategic tools while continuing to do so in a manner that remains ethical. In conclusion, this literature review is design to give the reader a better understanding of three different strategic management tools and how they are being used professionally and scholarly with allowing for all research to be done in an manner that does not allow for outcomes that can be used in an unethical manner to pad results. Introduction The business environment is rapidly changing and the past has shown that companies who are...
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...today’s society more than ever. The importance of business ethics should be obvious throughout every area of a small or large business. When a business is known for dealing honestly with all people, from its employees and customers, clients, to shareholders and vendors, it is more likely to become successful. While ethics is a subjective topic that may mean different things to different people, the importance of business ethics still remains in all types of corporate environments. Business ethics simply defined is known as “Corporate Ethics” as, a “form of applied ethics or professional ethics that examines ethical principles and moral or ethical problems that arise in a business environment. It applies to all aspects of business conduct and is relevant to the conduct of individuals and business organizations as a whole. Applied ethics is a field of ethics that deals with ethical questions in many fields such as medical, technical, legal and business ethics” (Wikipedia Online). Business Ethics is a term that makes CEOs, Lawyers, Doctors, Consultants and even Teachers cringe when confronted or required to take procedures to address an unethical situation that has arisen within their specific organization. Every consumer wants to believe that you are a honest, and conduct business on a high set of standards. It is everyone’s original intent to maintain a high standard of ethics, but this is continuously challenged when an unfavorable situation occurs and negative images potentially...
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...of a misnomer; today, because of accounting information systems, there is often no paper involved at all; however, it is important to establish the flow the data in different areas of the organization, or audit trail, so as to properly exercise internal controls. AISs help in this purpose. At the outset of this course, you will learn the basics of accounting information systems and business processes. Next, you will learn about database management systems, and the design of various database models. Finally, you will learn about how to use internal controls effectively for risk management, as well as the requirements for business reporting. After completing this course, you should not only have a clear idea of how accounting information systems work, but you should also be prepared to design and configure them to meet the record-keeping and risk management requirements of the organization. In addition, you will be prepared to design them to meet legal obligations—such as those defined in the United States’ Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002—as well as ethical obligations. LEARNING OUTCOMES: A. Develop a conceptual knowledge of the nature and functionality of an accounting information system and systems in general (Module 1). B. Explain how an accounting system captures business events,...
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...ÃQiyvpÃSryhvÃ6pvhv 6Ãs r Ãr vÃsÃuvÃhr ÃhÃqryvr rqÃÃurÃP@89Ãvà ((' ÃUurÃhu ÃhÃÃuhxÃGrÃTuhÃhqÃHhvÃTxtÃs ÃvtvsvphÃp vivÃÃurà rrÃhr +XPDQ 5HVRXUFH &RVWLQJ DQG $FFRXQWLQJ YV WKH %DODQFHG 6FRUHFDUG $%675$&7 In the present paper conclusions are drawn from literature whose goal was to put information on intangibles into financial and non-financial frameworks. The analysis primarily focuses on two concepts: The human resource management oriented concept called Human Resource Costing and Accounting (HRCA) and the strategic management oriented concept called Balanced Scorecard (BSC). Despite numerous articles and books on theoretic views and models to capture intangibles in a tangible way, little is known about the outcome of HRCA and BSC. Theoretical elaboration about possible effects is not rare, but investigations are scarce when it comes to financial...
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...relationship with brokers, lenders, and potential homeowners, many seemingly unethical practices were forged in the name of American families and individuals attaining part of the “American Dream” of owning a home. While this may neither have been the direct fault of neither party, each engaged in less than moral actions that played a part in the subprime mortgage crisis. Thus, the problem to be investigated is whether or not these ethical violations ultimately led to the fall of the subprime market by causing a catastrophic domino effect on all stakeholders involved. The article Subprime Loans- The Under-the-Radar Loans That Felled a Market by Marianne M. Jennings will be used to investigate this problem. Ethics of brokers and the isolation of individual ethical choices According to Jennings (2010), the subprime market offered a vast source of wealth to lenders because of the hassle-free and lenient criteria for qualifications for potential home owners (p. 434). As a result, lenders attracted mortgage brokers that engaged in questionable ethical practices such as using the same applicant for more than one application, processing numerous applications out of greed, and even committing fraud (Jennings, 2010, pp. 434-435). The first unethical decision brokers made was to offer loans to applicants they knew would not qualify for loans under normal circumstances. Potential homeowners expected brokers to determine whether or not they qualified for the loans, and relied solely...
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...PR Public Relations Review 38 (2012) 5–13 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Public Relations Review Revisiting the concept “dialogue” in public relations Petra Theunissen ∗ , Wan Norbani Wan Noordin 1 School of Communication Studies, Faculty of Design & Creative Technologies, AUT University, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1142, New Zealand a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: Received 2 October 2010 Received in revised form 14 September 2011 Accepted 14 September 2011 Keywords: Public relations Dialogue Two-way symmetric communication Risk a b s t r a c t This paper follows a critical approach in exploring the philosophical underpinnings and key features of dialogue in public relations practice and thinking. It argues that dialogue has been uncritically equated to two-way symmetrical communication, which has not done justice to the nature of dialogue, and has effectively stifled concrete development of a dialogic theory in public relations. The paper draws from a range of literature, including mainstream public relations and communication philosophy—in particular the philosophy of Martin Buber. The purpose of this paper is to inform public relations thinking by encouraging debate rather than proposing a new theoretical approach. As such, it sets out to explore the concept of dialogue and its philosophical underpinning, considers its practical application and suggests that it should not be seen as superior to persuasion...
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...Designing a Balanced Scorecard for a pharmaceutical company Chadwick, Inc.: The Balanced Scorecard (Abridged)14 Company Background Chadwick, Inc., was a diversified producer of personal consumer products and pharmaceuticals. The Norwalk Division of Chadwick developed, manufactured, and sold ethical drugs for human and animal use. It was one of five or six sizable companies competing in these markets and, while it did not dominate the industry, the company was considered well managed and was respected for the high quality of its products. Norwalk did not compete by supplying a full range of products. It specialized in several niches and attempted to leverage its product line by continually searching for new applications for existing compounds. Norwalk sold its products through several key distributors who supplied local markets, such as retail stores, hospitals and health service organizations, and veterinary practices. Norwalk depended on its excellent relations with the distributors who served to promote Norwalk’s products to end users and also received feedback from the end users about new products desired by their customers. Chadwick knew that its long-term success depended on how much money distributors could make by promoting and selling Norwalk’s products. If the profit from selling Norwalk products was high, then these products were promoted heavily by the distributors and Norwalk received extensive communication back about future customer needs. Norwalk had historically...
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...Management http://jom.sagepub.com/ What We Know and Don't Know About Corporate Social Responsibility: A Review and Research Agenda Herman Aguinis and Ante Glavas Journal of Management 2012 38: 932 originally published online 1 March 2012 DOI: 10.1177/0149206311436079 The online version of this article can be found at: http://jom.sagepub.com/content/38/4/932 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com On behalf of: Southern Management Association Additional services and information for Journal of Management can be found at: Email Alerts: http://jom.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://jom.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav >> Version of Record - May 29, 2012 OnlineFirst Version of Record - Mar 1, 2012 What is This? Downloaded from jom.sagepub.com at Sunway Education Group on April 23, 2014 Journal of Management Vol. 38 No. 4, July 2012 932-968 DOI: 10.1177/0149206311436079 © The Author(s) 2012 Reprints and permission: http://www. sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav What We Know and Don’t Know About Corporate Social Responsibility: A Review and Research Agenda Herman Aguinis Indiana University Ante Glavas University of Notre Dame The authors review the corporate social responsibility (CSR) literature based on 588 journal articles and 102 books and book chapters. They offer a multilevel and multidisciplinary theoretical framework that...
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...BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE A REVIEW OF LITERATURE Business Intelligence: A Review of Literature Richard Clark Liberty University Abstract An explorative and descriptive review of literature on Business Intelligence (BI). It presents various definitions of the term “Business Intelligence” and determines that regardless the definition is a “means” to “end”, which sound business or organizational decision making, specifically in strategic planning and management. It also presents several important differentiation of Business Intelligence from data-centric technologies, and enterprise applications. It describes business intelligence architecture and its components. It identifies capabilities and benefits to be derive from it, barriers to its successful implementation, and critical success factors. It identifies BI software vendors, trends and forecast, and ethical considerations. It concludes with a conceptual framework that shows business intelligence as a process that produces intelligence necessary for strategic planning and management, that in turn results to a strategy that creates competitive advantages. This paper is an explorative and descriptive review of literature on Business Intelligence (BI). An exploratory research as the name suggests explores a problem or a situation with the purpose of defining an ambiguous problem. It is undertaken from the perspective of a student in management and of an IT “dummy”. Consequently, the review strategy is to look up the...
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...Social Enterprises as Hybrid Organizations: A Review and Research Agenda* Bob Doherty, Helen Haugh1 and Fergus Lyon2 The York Management School, University of York, Freboys Lane, York YO10 5GD, UK, 1Judge Business School, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 1AG, UK, and 2Middlesex University, The Burroughs, London NW4 4BT, UK Corresponding author email: bob.doherty@york.ac.uk The impacts of the global economic crisis of 2008, the intractable problems of persistent poverty and environmental change have focused attention on organizations that combine enterprise with an embedded social purpose. Scholarly interest in social enterprise (SE) has progressed beyond the early focus on definitions and context to investigate their management and performance. From a review of the SE literature, the authors identify hybridity, the pursuit of the dual mission of financial sustainability and social purpose, as the defining characteristic of SEs.They assess the impact of hybridity on the management of the SE mission, financial resource acquisition and human resource mobilization, and present a framework for understanding the tensions and trade-offs resulting from hybridity. By examining the influence of dual mission and conflicting institutional logics on SE management the authors suggest future research directions for theory development for SE and hybrid organizations more generally. Introduction The phenomenon of social enterprise (SE) has attracted...
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................................................. 6 5. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ....................................................................................... 8 6. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE BUSINESS DECISION OR PROBLEM ........................................... 10 7. ETHICAL ISSUES .................................................................................................... 11 8. REFERENCES......................................................................................................... 13 9. APPENDIX ............................................................................................................ 14 The Learning Business Research Report | Campus: 10. 1 CHECKLIST OF ASSESSMENT CRITERIA .................................................................. 18 The Learning Business Research Report 1. Executive Summary This report discusses the rationale behind strategic decision taken by Royal bank of Scotland (RBS) in moving its headquarters from Glasglow to Leeds, Yorkshire. The benefits of financial clustering in the UK have been analyzed and assessed on the basis of theoretical evidences collected from literature review and qualitative data collected. There is an emphasis on financial information...
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...Achieving and Maintaining Strategic Competitiveness in the 21st Century: The Role of Strategic Leadership Author(s): R. Duane Ireland and Michael A. Hitt Source: The Academy of Management Executive (1993-2005), Vol. 19, No. 4, Classic Articles from AME (Nov., 2005), pp. 63-77 Published by: Academy of Management Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4166206 Accessed: 10-05-2015 07:37 UTC REFERENCES Linked references are available on JSTOR for this article: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4166206?seq=1&cid=pdf-reference#references_tab_contents You may need to log in to JSTOR to access the linked references. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/ info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. Academy of Management is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Academy of Management Executive (1993-2005). http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 203.101.161.82 on Sun, 10 May 2015 07:37:52 UTC All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions I Academy of Management Reprinted from 1999, Vol. 13, No. 1 Executive...
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