...Current and Non-Current Assets Sonia Elias ACT400 February 14, 2013 Debra Luna Abstract In accounting there are two major types of assets which include current assets and non-current asset which are used to know the solvency a company can have and the facility to pay their bills and the liquidity of it. Current and Non-Current Assets In accounting there are the major equation what it is assets equal liabilities plus stock holders equity, and this is the main equation. Assets are the solvency a person or business has economically that can help provide for the future. There are also current assets and non-current. * Current Assets * Current Assets are anything that a business or individual can be used in a year or less. * According to According to "Accounting Coach" (2013), "Cash and other resources that are * Expected to turn to cash or to be used up within one year of the balance sheet date. (If a * Company’s operating cycle is longer than one year; an item is a current asset if it will turn to * cash or be used up within the operating cycle.) Current assets are presented in the order of * liquidity, i.e., cash, temporary investments, accounts receivable, inventory, supplies, prepaid * insurance” (para. 1). As the first current assets is cash what is the money the company or the * individual has in hand. Schoereder, Clark, and Cathey (2005) The accurate measurement of cash * is important not only because...
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...A behavior assessment is a change that focuses on behavior rather than the underlying traits, hypothetical causes, or presumed dimensions of personality. (Gregory,2004) The five phases of a behavior assessment are: behavioral observations, physiological assessment, biological assessment, structured interviews and analogue tests. Behavioral observations- this is what the client is doing physically and emotionally. Physiological assessment- this is based on a physical examination to check health issues and to check for various medications and their effects on the body. Biological assessment- this is check for any underlying conditions that affects the client whether inherited or from the community. Structured interviews- these are to see through various questions the duration, frequency or the intensity of the target behavior is well-defined. Analogue tests- these are tests used in behavior therapy to see if certain procedures and goals are to be used in and for various social exchanges. In the physiological phase of a behavioral assessment the behavioral analyst will look at the various gestures of the client, the body language, tone of voice and facial expressions. Behavioral observations are necessary to see if therapy is a necessity to work on the behaviors to see how they are effecting the client in a normal and proper way or are the behavior(s) going to cause trouble for the client or the family and others that are around them. The Behavioral analyst will consult with...
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...THE EFFECTS OF MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS SUMMARIZED PAPER This paper examines the impact of Merger & Acquisitions on performance suffer from several key theoretical and empirical limitations. This paper also has shown some new evidence regarding the effects of different types of mergers and acquisitions on employees. It also provides a foundation for future theoretical and empirical M&A integration research. The resurgence in mergers & acquisitions, and divestitures has focused greater attention on assessing the impact of these transactions on organizations and workers. Theoretically, Employees who are involved and are part of any Merger & Acquisitions are very well look around and see the effects on their current and future role. Most of the time panic mode starts amongst all the employees and they look the criteria where they may fit in the future upcoming merged organization. Empirical analysis is based on a rich matched employer employee dataset, which combines data on millions of Swedish workers and information on 16,000 Swedish manufacturing plants for the years 1985-1998. The data shown in this article go thru the complete effects of mergers and acquisitions on firm performance, plant productivity, levels of employment, and compensation. There are various methods along with data gathering shows in this article how it co-relates all the parties and component involved during any merger and acquisitions. Employment status change is something that...
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...According to Hume a miracle is: “A transgression of a law of nature by a particular volition of the deity or by the interposition of some invisible agent”, this question all depends how you define a miracle, most people in the modern world understand a miracle as Hume’s definition, but not everyone agrees. Supporters of the existence of miracles have different views, aquines is one of these. He has three differnet types of definition, An event done by God which nature could not do – could be said to be the most traditional approach. They are acts that contradict our regular experience. Aquinas uses the example of the reversal of the course of the sun, An event done by God which nature could do, but not in this order such as recovering Asses the view that miracles are an obstacle to faith. from paralysis or a terminal illness. Its possible for these things to happen but it is not usually expected, and so could be attributed to the direct intervention of God. And A event done which nature could do but without using the principles or forces of nature. For example, recovering from a cold more quickly than usual perhaps because someone prayed for this, and then it might be called a miraculous intervention of God. These definitions allow for a range of possible events, which we could call miracles, they also do not limit a miracle to a violation of a natural law and so is therefore, primarily identified by Gods intervention. This leaves us with the idea that miracle is an act...
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...Assess the Marxist views of society (33 marks) When looking at the Marxists views of society there are three main theorists to look at, Marx, Gramsci and Althusser. All of these theorists focus on how capitalism has been maintained in many societies and how eventually it will be over thrown. Both Gramsci and Althusser’s ideas originate from the works of Karl Marx who, unlike functionalist Emile Durkheim, saw no evolutionary progress of society but a gradual change in which capitalism would increase human misery. Marx suggested that capitalism needed to replaced by ideas such as communism. He looked at historical materialism and suggested that our society is altered by forces of production from the base and the superstructure. He argues that capitalist production forms the economic base and this ultimately shapes our superstructure, like institutions, religion, law and education. However, Althusser criticises this for being too simplistic and suggests a more complex two way causality model. He argues there are three levels; Economic level: comprising all those activities that involve producing something in order to satisfy and need. Political level: comprising all forms of organisation. And the Ideological level: involving the ways that people see themselves and their world. He believes each level can affect each other and impact different choices and beliefs on each level. This approach discourages political action because it is the role of structural forces rather than...
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...Biomass is solar energy that has been stored as plant and animal material. When you eat vegetables, you are consuming the sun´s energy the plant stored as it grew. Your body uses the vegetables´ biomass to give you energy to work and play. When corn is used to make biomass energy, cleaner-burning fuels can be produced, such as ethanol. At landfills, where most of the waste is biomass, a gas called methane is naturally produced. Methane gas can be used to generate electricity. Sunlight helps all living things grow. Energy from sunlight is called solar energy. Solar energy makes it possible for plants, animals and people to live on Earth. The Earth is basically a huge solar energy collector because it collects the energy from the sun. This energy comes in different forms. One form is from direct sunlight used by plants to grow. Another form of energy heats the air that causes wind. Water is evaporated when sunlight falls on the oceans. Then when the evaporated water cools in the air, it falls back to Earth as rain and becomes rivers and lakes. All of these forms of energy are used indirectly as wind, biomass and hydroelectric power, and directly as solar energy. Solar energy is called thermal energy and photovoltaic energy. Our supply of solar energy can never be used up and is readily available. Therefore solar energy is a type of renewable energy. It is not like fossil fuels, such as coal, oil and natural gas, which are also called non-renewable energy. Solar energy is...
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...Outline and asses the three measurements of crime When measuring crime and deviance sociologist tend to look at the different types of ways that we can measure crime; this includes, Official statistics, Victim survey and lastly self report studies. Each of these methods focuses on very different things, they also have strong and weak points but by combining them, a possible general picture of crime and deviance could be drawn. Firstly, official statistics show that public fear of being a victim of crime is rising. This stark difference between the level of crime and fear of crime has been attributed to the way of crime is reported in the media. Tabloid papers often use alarmist headlines about crime and deviance to grab the attention of readers causing a moral panic. It’s been argued that these exaggerate the chances of being victim of crime. Official statistics have strong points such as they are relatively cheap and readily available. They are published annually and they provide data on crime across the whole of the UK and also provide insight into regional differences in crime. This means that sociologists would be able to compare between different parts of the UK for example rural and urban areas. Positivist sociologists such as Functionalists are very supportive of the Official statistics; they see that this method of measuring crime is reliable, representative and valid. It also provides a true picture of the extent and nature of crime. However, this method does come...
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...Asses Humes reason for rejecting miracles. (35) Hume defines a miracle as a transgression of a natural law by a particular volition of the deity. This does not imply that a miracle is an extraordinary event but it is one that breaks the natural law and that it is brought about by the action of God. Other two definitions would be that a miracle is an event that has religious significance and this does not need to have broken the laws of nature to be regarded as a miracle but it needs to reveal something about God. The last definition of a miracle is a view of Thomas Aquinas who defines miracles as an event caused by God. In this essay I will be discussing why Hume rejects miracles and arguments for and against his theories. Hume was an empiricist, so he believed that it was more likely that the report of a miracle was mistaken than the laws of nature were violated. He did not say that miracles did not happen, but that it would be impossible to prove them. Hume’s argument is based on the principle of induction, which is the suggestion that future events will take place based on previous evidence. This is because evidence from people’s experience of observing the world showed the laws of nature to be fixed and unvarying. For example, the sun has risen every day in the past, so it is very likely that it will rise again and not stand still in the sky. However, Hume did accept that whatever happened countless times in the past did not guarantee such would happen again in...
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...Outline and asses marxist theories on social inequalities. Marxism is a political, social, and economic philosophy derived from the work of the 19th-century historians Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. It views human history as a struggle between social classes and asserts that capitalism is inherently exploitative. According to Marxism, social inequality is an unfair situation, in which some individuals or groups have more money, influence and power etc over others, usually referring to the bourgeoisie, who use this advantage to oppress the proletariats. Marxists would argue that social inequality is caused by false class consciousness, and that eventually would lead to a revaluation. Marxism is a conflict theory, focusing on inequalities and divisions within society. According to Karl Marx, all stratified societies have two major classes, the bourgeoisie (rich) and the proletariats (poor). The rich owns the means of production, such as land capital, machinery etc, while the poor does not, this gives the ruling class the power to exploit the lower class, through the use of the superstructure, e.g. the legal and political system to justify their actions and maintain social order, due to the fact that the ruling class have more influence compared to the working class. According to Karl Marx, the rich exploits the working class who have to sell their labour to survive, thus creating huge inequalities, furthermore, due to the fact that many working class people rely on this...
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...Outline and assess feminist explanations of social inequality Feminists stress the importance of woman being treated as equal to men in society and work to ensure that males and females are entitled to the same rights. Most believe that women are disadvantaged in society due to their gender and that this disadvantage is socially constructed; there are numerous types of feminists which take different approaches in explaining key concepts such as status, power the labour market and other disadvantages some individuals face within society. Most feminist explanations of inequality focus on discrimination surrounding gender, however Oakley provides an explanation for age inequality; she argues that inequalities experiences by children are inextricably linked to those of women and the patriarchal nature of society. Children are controlled by adults in relation to the age they can start work, their education, where they play and use of their time. Gannon (1999) goes on to argue that some are controlled by abuse and neglect and that older women are materially deprived compared to men as a result of time out of employment and the gender pay gap. However Wyness (2006) opposes this view and argues that children are controlled by both women and men in society. Liberal feminists desire equal opportunities for men and women which they argue can be achieved through legislation and changing attitudes. They argue that gender roles are socially constructed through the family, education...
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...Globalisation is the idea that the world is getting smaller, through inter connectedness, different societies are becoming a lot closer to each other through technology and the media as well as transport. Fundamentalism, according to some sociologists such as Huntington, is the challenge to globalisation, returning to the roots of their religion where the core beliefs are still in practice. Some people associate fundamentalism with violence, as was the case with the 9/11 attack, but this view has been criticised by many, because not all fundamentalist groups adopt violent methods, for example creationists. Giddens argues that fundamentalism is in fact a reaction to globalisation because with globalisation comes the concept of cosmopolitan religion which provides choice in many different areas of life, such as diversity, sexuality, careers etc, and because of this choice there is an element of uncertainty. This also links in with the idea of ‘spiritual shopping’ in which people explore different aspects of regions and almost pick and chose which parts they like, without fully adopting every single belief and solid practises/teachings of one religion. Globalisation provides the necessary components to adapt to a postmodern society, and the fundamentalism is to refuse the adaptation, and return to the roots of their faith, and their faith only. As a result, promoting the idea of social solidarity and structure. Which would appeal to almost everyone as humans need structure, because...
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...Asses the contribution of functionalist sociologists to our understanding of the family. A function is a purpose and explains how this institution contributes to the maintenance and smooth running of society this approach to society is called functionalism. From a functionalists point of view a family is a heterosexual couple with dependent children, male is the breadwinner and woman is the housewife. Functionalists believe that the nuclear family supports society because it is geographically mobile and allows the family to move around with little trouble. Functionalists believe that society is based on a shared value consensus, this is a set of shared norms and values into which society socializes its members this enables society to work harmoniously and meet society's needs and goals. George Murdoch said that their are four main functions of the nuclear family these are; sexual, it strengthens relations in the family. Reproductive, family is the main unit of production. Educational, family is responsible for primary education. Economic, the family has to produce and consume something in order to satisfy its needs and wants. The nuclear family can be extended vertically, horizontally or by polygamy. Some may argue that Murdoch's definition is weak because at that time sex before marriage was not accepted as was single mothers and homo-sexual families. Talcott Parsons argued that although there are many functions that the family has...
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...Asses the significance of the Russian Revolution of 1905 on Government and Culture The significance of the Russian Revolution of 1905 had a dramatic affect on Government and culture.The Russian Revolution of 1905 forced Tsar Nicholas 2 to make radical changes to the way the Government was concerned, and is arguably the end of the autocracy. The Tsar had made concessions on allowing people the freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, and freedom of press. He also aloud a creation of a state Duma (Parliament) and that no law could be made without going through the Duma, and also the further development of universal franchise. This was all decided in the October Manifesto. These controls were mainly aimed for the Government side of things. The significance of the revolution had on culture was also a vast improvement than before. Education was now viewed as an important state action, and the fact that the Tsar no longer had absolute control of his subjects lives. Adding to this, the way the Russian Jews were treated and their behavior did also change due to the affects of the Revolution of 1905. Although the Tsar had made many concessions on his power control, he still had vast amounts of power in controlling the Russian Empire. He still had the power to dissolve Duma’s and the secret police was still a vastly strong force within the Empire. However the effects of the Russian Revolution of 1905 had a great impact on Government and on culture of the empire when compared to the way...
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...Assess the sociological explanations of changes in the status of children (24 marks) Childhood is a socially defined age-status. There are major differences in how childhood is defined both historically and cross-culturally. Some may believe that childhood is biological. The age and development of children are biologically determined as these remain the same throughout time and cultures. But childhood, the way children are viewed and treated, changes throughout time and cultures. This is why childhood is viewed as a social construction. Some sociologists suggest the changes in the status of children are good, while others suggest they are bad. To examine the change in the status of children, we have to see how it has been constructed by society. In the UK people follow the western modern notion; that childhood is a special separate life stage. However, this view is not found in all societies as suggested by Wagg (1992). There is clear evidence of this when childhood is examined cross-culturally. Ruth Benedict (1934) argued that children in simpler, non-industrial societies are generally treated differently from their western counterparts. Benedict suggested that children take responsibility from an early age and that there is less value placed on obedience to adult authority. She also suggests that children’s sexual behaviour is often viewed differently. Many sociologists have studies to support this. Malinowski (1957) found that Trobriand Islanders took an attitude of ‘tolerance...
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...Assess the strengths and weaknesses of the functionalist approach to society (33 marks) Functionalism is seen as a macro-scale approach to society it sees society as a system of interrelated parts or social institutions such as religion, the family and the economy. Therefore functionalism sees society as the human body or organic analogy meaning society is like an organism with basic needs that it must meet in order to survive. This is particularly useful when observing society in order to understand the way in which it functions as well as the way in which all the institutions work together (organic analogy: organs within the body) to sustain society as a whole. Functionalism being a macro-scale approach is therefore seen as a strength, as it allows functionalist sociologists to observe society, and its institutions, as a whole. Functionalism is also seen as a consensus theory, it sees society as fair and just, and it acknowledges that many societies, including the majority of western ones, have democracy and all individuals within a particular society share the same or similar norms and values. This can therefore be seen as a strength, as it takes into account that democracy does exist in many societies. However, as functionalism is a macro-scale approach and sees society as a whole, it could miss crucial factors or groups which contribute to the functioning of society. These include small groups and tribes, such as gipsies. Not acknowledging these minority groups within...
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