...While reading the book, Baboon Metaphysics, I came to the conclusion that there is more to Baboons than what meets the eye. Cheney and Seyfarth do a wonderful job on exploring the complex and mysterious world of Baboons, focusing in on their social structures, relationships, and even touching on aspects of a possible language. The authors make it clear that baboons have an understanding of bonds, ranks and social networks. I also believe that baboons have a clear and intricate understanding of social networks and hierarchical ranks because of the amount of evidence shown. To begin, I will set out to present the research presented by Cheney and Seyfarth in Baboon Metaphysics concerning baboon social bonds and networks. In the chapter five of the book, Cheney and Seyfarth observe the social bonds and rank recognition between female baboons. Like humans, baboons differ in social ranks and are exposed to different environmental stress factors. When a female baboon is faced with the loss of an infant or relative, for example, she experiences stress. Due to this stress, she forms stronger and broader bonds and social networks. Because their feelings of loneliness increases, the formation of social bonds and networks alleviates it. Humans also rely on friends and relatives greatly when trying to cope with the loss of a loved one. Besides strengthening their social networks, female baboons also tend to strengthen their grooming networks when coping with the loss of a loved one. For...
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...SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR STUDY OF CHACMA BABOONS IN THE CAPE PENINSULA Catherine Shutte – Student Number 350 795 92 Table of Contents ABSTRACT: 2 INTRODUCTION: 3 STUDY AREA: 5 METHODS: 6 RESULTS: 8 DISCUSSION: 12 CONCLUSION: 16 REFERENCES: 18 TABLES: 19 APPENDICES: 21 ABSTRACT: Behavioural activity data was gathered over a thirty hour period on two of the main Papio hamadryas (Chacma Baboon) troops on the Cape Peninsula. The first based on the Blackhill mountain slopes above Da Gama Park and the second on the slopes of the Swartkop Mountain range above Millers Point. During the visual observations, the troops mostly exhibited “normal” diurnal mammal behaviour, the exception being that of the feeding habits of both troops, both relaying on their human neighbours for nutritional extras and feeding predominantly throughout the day. The prevailing hot dry weather found in the Cape during the summer increased the resting activity of the baboons and reduced their foraging area. The Smits troop spent most of their day on the side of the main road. INTRODUCTION: Watching baboons interact with each other is addictive, their social behaviour within the troop provides a framework of inter-family relationships that cause fighting, playing, power struggles and tender care from a mother to her infant child. Their relationships, bonds and social behaviors resemble ours as humans so closely that...
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...the purpose in writing the article, is to provide facts and details on “the evolution and adaptive value of human friendship and to consider how stable, enduring friendship might have evolved” (2012, p.154) In human both authors argue “having a strong social network reduces stress, lower the risk of disease, and increase longevity, and was stated by Beckman and Holt-Lunstad (2004 and 2010). On the other hand, Robert and Dorothy believe that in animals “enduring social bonds can increase individual’s reproduction success. However, among female baboons, individuals with the most stable, enduring relationship experience higher infant survival and live longer” (2012, p.170). Robert then goes on and describes the benefits of friendship. In the animal life, animals such as Hyenas, chimpanzees, monkeys, baboons, elephants can only be leaders of their group by creating a long-term friendship with other colleagues. The baboon: when female baboons...
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...The documentary “Clever Monkey” presents a complete picture of monkeys’ lives and how they live in different troops with many adventures, ups and downs. It also shows how they deal with the death of their leader, how they protect their friends and their own group members. The most interesting part of the documentary was when they stand up for each other and never let their enemies destroy their troops’ relationships. The more I watched this film, the more I got closer to these beasts and their life. I saw how a mom cared about her baby and how she support it from their enemies. I also saw when the leader of their troops is killed , the other members of the group mourn for him. They show their sorrow and their feelings for a mother who lost...
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...I Am An Atheist The Evolution Of Religion, A Research Paper So I was asked by a few of you to post a research paper I wrote on the evolution of religion. I managed to find it, along with all of my source articles! This was done for my Cognition, Evolution, and Behavior Psychology class in college. It is a bit lengthy and the language is scientific in nature, hopefully that won't bother anyone. Keep in mind, it also follows the accepted assumptions made by the scientific community, namely that humans are the only animals with language. I know that is debatable, but it is what is accepted, so it is assumed in this paper. I hope you enjoy, and I hope I can't get in trouble for posting this on a public forum! Thanks so much guys~! The Evolution of Religion as a Social Mechanism Religion has proven itself to be a key part of the human experience across the globe. However, much speculation concerning some basic principles of religion have been debated as maladaptive, such as altruism. This has been a puzzle for scientists of many fields. Some evidence in other animals has allowed us a glimpse at what may be the beginnings of religion in the form of ritualistic behavior. Since this is such an important feature within religions of today and especially ancient religions, there is much to be learned from these comparisons. Through these early manifestations, scientists are able to look at the evolutionary process of religion within humans and how Darwinian structure can apply to...
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...Animal testing research paper Throughout history animals have been unfairly tested on. As early as 384 Bc animal testing has occurred (Hajar). In 1980 Henry Spira, an animal rights activist, took an ad out in the New York Times with the slogan “How many rabbits does Revlon blind for beauty's sake?” That is what started the campaign to stop animal testing. Animals are tested on to make products such as shampoo, makeup, and sunscreen. When you test on animals 50% of the animals that get tested die during the study. The ones who survive are later killed. The main animals that are tested on are monkeys, rats, mice, lizards, guinea pigs and baboons but are not limited to those animals. Animal testing should be banned because it is unnecessary and cruel to animals. Different procedures are done to animals that are painful and would be considered animal abuse in any other situation. To test products and chemicals on animals there are many procedures that are done. One procedure is vivisection, which is the act of cutting or experimenting with live animals or putting harsh chemicals on the animals. Another procedure that is done is a Draize test. A Draize test involves dripping substances in rabbit or other animals eyes causing pain and in serious cases blindness. These procedures should be stopped because it is hurting live creatures and is cruel to...
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...Metaphors: Analysis and Interpretation ADÉSOLÁ OLÁTÉJÚ University of Ibadan, Nigeria ABSTRACT The paper undertakes a study of animal metaphors in the Yorùbá language with a view to highlighting the stylistic and communicative potentials of these metaphors. To achieve the set objective, the animals – domestic and wild – involved in metaphors and their individual distinctive characteristic features that motivate their metaphorical interpretations are highlighted. The paper also discusses the sources of animal metaphors, which are said to be located in three areas, namely: the Yorùbá naming culture, animal characteristic habits and behaviour, and the Yorùbá poetry. In discussing the metaphorical processes involved in the interpretation of animal-related metaphors, a two-dimensional approach is adopted: stylistic and cultural. In the first, the semantic features of animals involved in metaphors are decomposed into semantic markers that are of two types. The first is the High Priority Semantic Markers (HPSM), which determine the cognitive/conceptual meaning of the metaphors, and the second is the Low Priority Semantic Markers (LPSM), which determine the secondary metaphorical interpretation. Animal metaphors involve transference of meanings, and whatever meanings or interpretations are assigned to a particular animal metaphor, are culture and context dependent. The paper concludes with stylistic and communicative functions of animal metaphors, with the submission that stylistically...
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...Bestiality Katrina Hapner APU Bestiality The article I chose is called, “A case study of preferential bestiality”. The authors are Christopher Earle and Martin Lalumiere. It was published in the Archives of Sexual Behavior in 2009. The focus of their research is on the subject of people who actually prefer to have sex with animals, in this case horses, instead of other people. As far as the hypothesis, apparently these same authors had previously published an article describing people who are into bestiality as being very rare. In this article they are doing a case study on a male who is different than widely held stereotype of the not very bright country bumpkin having sex with barnyard animals. They are also presenting a lot of information on the subject from a large group of people on the internet who are into bestiality. They recant their previous opinion in the prior article stating it was rare. They now say that it is a lot more prevalent than it was earlier thought. After their initial article they had a lot o anonymous people from the internet chiming in about this subject. They could not verify any of the information except for one guy who called himself possum. They also include in their article the info from some other case studies involving people from the internet. One included 82 men and 11 women who admitted to sex with animals. The average age was 38 and about half of them had graduated from college. There were...
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...The transplant was done by Dr. Leonard Bailey and it was successful but unfortunately, baby fae died twenty-one days after her surgery. The most likely source of organ transplantation is pigs. The reason stated from the researchers is that they have right sizes, highly domesticated, and grow quickly. The main issue outlined in this paper is that is it worth the risk of taking animal organs to save a human’s life? Technology has opened up many new opportunities to improve medical science, but unfortunately, the discover of transplanting animal organs into humans is not the solution to the shortage of organs for transplantation because it has many consequences, such as transmission of diseases, increasing the risk of organ rejection and moral...
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...Raymond Arthur Dart, born in 1893 in Queensland, Australia, was a neuroanatomist and a paleoanthropologist. He was most famous for discovering the Taung Child. His discoveries of fossil hominins (members of the human lineage) led to important insights into human evolution. He was raised on a dairy farm near Laidley, attended Toowong and Blenheim state and Ipswich Grammar schools. He graduated from the University of Queensland with first-class honours in biology, and studied medicine at University of Sydney. He acted vice-principal of St. Andrew’s College in 1917. He was a medical officer at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, and as a captain in the Australian Army Medical Corps, served in England and France. In England, Dart took a post at University College, London, as senior demonstrator in anatomy. Then, he spent a year on Rockefeller Foundation fellowship in USA. He married to Dora Tyree, an instructor in anatomy, in 1921. In January 1923, he moved to South Africa, as a professor of anatomy at The University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. In November 1924 Dart was given a fossil skull that had been found recently at Taungs. He extracted the fossil from the hard matrix and found that the skull was a child’s. It was a mixture of apish and human features. Its teeth were human-like while its brain was the size of an ape’s. Raymond Dart had found the missing link in the man-ape line of evolution. He died on 22nd November 1988 at the age of 95 in Reno, Nevada. I am interested...
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...- Physiology - When lab rats are stressed repeatedly, the amygdala – an almond shaped nub in the center of the brain – enlarges dramatically. This swelling comes at the expense of the hippocampus, which is crucial for learning and memory, and shrinks under sever stress. The main job of the amygdala is to perceive danger and help generate the stress response; it’s the brain area turned on by dark alleys and Hitchcock movies. Unfortunately, a swollen amygdala means that were more likely to notice potential threats in the first place, which means we spend more time in a state of anxiety (snowball effect). The end result is that we become more vulnerable to the very thing that’s killing us. - Chemistry - When people feel stressed, a tiny circuit in the amygdala triggers the release of glucocorticoids, a family of stress hormones that puts the body in a heightened state of alert. The molecules are named after their ability to rapidly increase levels of glucose in the blood, thus providing muscles with a burst of energy. They also shut down all nonessential bodily processes, such as digestion and immune response. This is the body’s way of being efficient with its resources. When you’re being chased by a lion, you don’t want to waste resources on the small intestine. You’ll digest food some other time. You need every ounce of energy to get away and survive. But glucocorticoids have a nasty side effect. When they linger in the bloodstream (as they might due to chronic stress...
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................................................................................................... 2 1.1 BACKGROUND OF INFORMATION ............................................................................................. 2 1.2 Statement of the Research Problem .................................................................................................... 4 1.3 OBJECTIVE ....................................................................................................................................... 6 1.3.0 General objective ............................................................................................................................. 6 1.3.1 Specific objectives ....................................................................................................................... 6 1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS................................................................................................................. 6 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................................................... 7 2.1 General overview of diseases .............................................................................................................. 7 3.0 RESEARCH...
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...ASSIGNMENT 10 PROJECT WORK a) Project for primary classroom THE TROPICAL RAINFOREST UNITOVERVIEW This primary unit takes across curricular approach involving language arts, math, science, and social studies. Art, music and movement education activities are also used to develop the concepts in this unit. Students will learn about the rainforest through a variety of activities to complete both on-line and in downloadable format for use in the classroom. In addition there is a resource bank of print and non-print resources included. Each lesson develops a particular focus and may take one class or several classes to complete. Extending activities are also provided as well as assessment and evaluation tools and templates. Foundational Objectives: Knowledge ! Students will increase their knowledge about the rainforest. Skills and habits * Learn about and practice the skills and strategies of effective listeners, speakers, readers, writers and representers. * Speak and write to express thoughts, information, feelings and experiences in a variety of forms for a variety of purposes and audiences. * Read and view a range of grade-level appropriate oral, print, and other media texts in a variety of situations for a variety of purposes. * Assess personal and group strengths...
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...citations has three parts. ❑ The first part is the type of resource (for example, “Book, one author”). The BOLD Comic Sans font in 14 pt identifies this part of each citation. ❑ The second part is a template containing the components needed to cite the resource. The grey boxes identify the template in each citation. This part is in 12 pt Times New Roman. ❑ The third part provides an actual example of a resource found in a Lexington County District One Library Media Center. The red font in 12 pt Times New Roman, double-spaced lines and hanging indent identify this part of each citation. II. To use the citation template, highlight the template for the resource you need to cite, then copy and paste into your paper. 1st_Author's_LastName, 1st_Author's_FirstName, and 2nd_Author's_FirstName 2nd_Author's_LastName. Title. City_of_Publication: Publisher, Date_of_Publication. III. Select one of the grey boxes and type the correct information. As soon as you click on each grey box to select it, it is highlighted—do not delete the grey box—just start typing. Notice in the sample below, “Warhol” has replaced the grey box that said “1st_Author’s_LastName” in Step II above. Warhol, 1st_Author's_FirstName, and 2nd_Author's_FirstName 2nd_Author's_LastName. Title. City_of_Publication: Publisher, Date_of_Publication. IV. The punctuation, italics, and underlines will be inserted automatically as you type. Warhol, Tom, and Chris Reiter. Eagles. Tarrytown: Marshall...
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...ASA University Review, Vol. 3 No. 2, July–December, 2009 Zoo as Ecotourism Attraction – Case of Dhaka Zoo Salman Salem Shinwary* * Md. Jahidur Rahman ** Md. Mayen uddin Abstract This paper reports results from a survey of visitors to Dhaka Zoo, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The questionnaire comprised of items relating to motives for visiting the zoo, and evaluations of attributes, thereby permitting an important valuation approach. The construction of the questionnaire was prompted to learn more about what motivated visits, and whether there were perceived deficiencies in visitors’ experiences of the zoo. Like other studies mentioned in the report it was concluded that zoos represent an opportunity for family-based trips. However, while some opportunities exist for learning, on the whole visitors were not generally interested in acquiring detailed information about wildlife. Indeed, more importance was attached to the viewing of animals than to the recognition that possibly animals might require ‘private places’. These findings may instigate a discussion about the extent to which Dhaka zoo might be able to fulfil its classical missions and that for this to happen significant changes in zoo layout would be required. Additionally, possible implications for zoo management are discussed. Keywords: zoos, ecotourists, wild-life interactions, national parks, wildlife-based tourism, animal friendly, zoo management Introduction Dhaka zoo is the largest zoo in Bangladesh situated at Mirpur...
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