...QUESTION TWO: ADULT CASE STUDY, AN ETHICAL ISSUE OF CONSENT. This essay presents a critical incident analysis of a 70 years old man refusing to give consent to a life saving treatment. The essay will discuss its impact by discussing the conflict between professional and the patient’s issues. It will go on to explain the main professional issues in the scenario, breach of any NMC code of conduct and show how they relate to the guidelines set by Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC). It will also highlight on the relevant underlying legal or ethical principles that applies to the case study and its implications. For instance, ethical principles, such as beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy, justice, human rights and the best interests of the patient will be explored, in the light of relevant laws, in order to show some of the legal and ethical complexities within this case study, and finally draw a conclusion. For confidentiality purposes, have been changed in accordance to the NMC guidelines. The main professional issue reflected in this case study is the issue of consent. Consent, means to give permission for something to take place or to agree to do something (oxford dictionary 1998). This does not necessitate that, the actions approved have been developed or permission given in the knowledge of possible consequences known as informed consent has been achieved. This goes to show that, for medical purposes, although the patient has the right to refuse treatment, he has to also...
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...success of these companies. When exploring the accepted accounting principles, it is crucial that all involved parties understand the business aspect, including the outside stakeholders. When parties are financially invested, it is also expected that the organizations provide a certain transparency and always act in an ethical manner. There are four elements to effective financial management in any organization. These categories are planning, controlling, organizing/directing, and decision making. By following these steps, plans can be carried out and the organization can ensure financial efficiency. Planning is specifically about identifying objectives and the steps necessary to reach the determined goals. Controlling is a more difficult task as it requires management to enforce the plan and keep employees on track to meet deadlines. Organizing and directing is more of a broken down play-by-play of controlling. This step simply takes controlling to a more manageable level and gives management the opportunity to delegate specific tasks. Decision making takes the three previous steps and allows management to see the whole picture and make informed decisions (Baker & Baker, 2014). Overall, having processes in place to align organizational goals with those of the community, will also keep a sense of trust and transparency between all involved parties. When it comes to accepted accounting principles, health care organizations need to keep their financials as transparent as possible...
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...Music Therapy: The New Approach for Psychiatric Patient Introduction Music therapy is the use of music interventions to achieve individualized goals of healing the body, mind, and spirit. It involves skilled music therapists, who act as mediators to interact with patients, assesses their physical, emotional, and mental needs, and offer them with the necessary healing through music. Music therapy integrates various musical elements and certain therapeutic protocols to achieve certain objectives (Bruscia, 2000). Many people obtain some kind of healing whenever they have emotional, cognitive, or social issues through music. People living with disabilities or certain illnesses have often found music to offer a soothing environment that facilitates the healing process. Music uses creative, emotional and a non-verbal language to enable users to gain self-awareness and self-expression. In many cases, people have found music to be more powerful than plain words, as it offers a unique channel of communication and expression. Essentially, people suffering from autism and Alzheimer’s disease, and those having developmental disabilities can always become beneficiaries of music therapy. This paper will give a brief history of music therapy, and its role as an alternative treatment for autism and Alzheimer’s disease. Thereafter, the paper will give a brief discussion on the politic of making music therapy a real treatment. History of music therapy Music therapy traces...
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...growing in a faster pace with than the economy in the United States. The various reasons are technology proliferation, new medications in business, research studies, advances in devices, and new procedures. On the other side, there is widespread concerns about the medical errors, inconsistent quality in health care services, increase in cost, and public awareness about the health care services through Medias, led to the movement of pay-for-performance. This emerged as a cost containment program. Health care system is trying to provide quality, efficiency, accountability, and transparency in health care services through the development of pay-for-performance movement (Henley, 2005). Pay-for-performance refers to the financial incentive program that pay a bonus to the participant of services such as physicians, hospitals, physician groups, or health plan groups who attain a benchmark in quality, efficiency, accountability in health care services and in patient care. This is referred as the pay-for-performance movement. This program provides high credit bonus for preventive care services. As the term indicates, "pay-for performance" is the high quality health care services for the money paid by clients. Pay-for-performance is a term widely used and used increasingly during the implementation of Affordable care Act. This plan provides rewards to the health care providers to reduce the unnecessary health care cost, and improved quality of services. The other names used for...
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...Obamacare Maegann Harris BUS620 July 1, 2014 Outline I. What is Obamacare a. Unofficial Names i. Affordable Care Act b. Analysis of Obamacare ii. CBO iii. Political Climate c. Pros and Cons II. Economic Growth d. Employers Response e. Small Business Survival f. GDP Growth III. Patient Protection Act g. Summary of Provisions h. Patient Bill of Rights IV. Conclusion Is Obamacare the solution to the real world problem of affordable healthcare? The purpose of this research paper is to understand whether Obamacare will be a solution to our growth or a long-term economic downfall. Does it make healthcare insurance less expensive? How will employers respond to Obamacare mandates? Can small businesses survive Obamacare? How reasonable are the projections? Obamacare also known as the Affordable Health Care Act is a new United States law designed to reform the American health care system. The main focus is on providing more Americans with access to affordable health insurance by improving the quality of health care, reducing health care spending, and regulating the health insurance industry (ObamaCare, 2014). Analysis Studies indicate that Obamacare has increased the underlying cost of individually purchased health insurance in the average state by 41 percent (Roy, 2014). This is an estimate average however, much research indicates that many different counties...
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...Moore * COM/172 March 31, 2014 Cassandra Baker Assisted Suicide Patients suffering from debilitating diseases and living in agonizing pain should have the right to end their life without government interference because the constitution states that all American is entitled to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. The State Government and the Federal Government will end an individuals’ life if murder is committed to innocent children or to law enforcement personnel. Then when it comes to an individual who has not committed a violent crime and wants to end their life on their due to medical sufferance, the government chooses not to intervene on behalf of the person unless to punish the act in its entirety (Avila, 2000). Individuals Right to End Own Life Quality of Life According to Longmore (2005) the courts, the media, and different onlookers neglected to distinguish or disregarded the prejudicial components of open strategy, human services conveyance, and social administrations that make the lives of some individuals with handicaps terrible; specifically, by denying satisfactory financing for free living, by neglecting to offer fitting mental assessment and intercession, and by ignoring the points of view of inability rights development pioneers in these cases and on these issues. A quadriplegic patient in Detroit, Michigan injured while surfing thus breaking his neck and ultimately rendering the patient to a quadriplegic state dreamed of getting married...
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...spectacularly. This literature usually differs in its design work, methodology superiority, and the amount of population involved in studies, interventions, tests and differing conditions. Since even the most cited sources are open to refute or challenges, there is a need to create a summary that reduces uncertainty. Most review sources and articles take on a form of narrative, whereby the content professionals write regarding a specified field. Reviews have a lot of benefits including a wide range of summary of relevant data tempered by years of handy knowledge. In many circumstances, readers and researchers opt for information about specific information on topics and require a high standard of assertion that available information is comprehensive and objective. At such a point, a reader turns to a quantitative synopsis of literature. A systematic review (Sterne, Egger, 2001 p. 89) takes account of processes that make out all studies specified for a particular question, which may be collected from research and other sources. A systematic review also evaluates methods used in the studies, summarizes the findings, as well as cites weaknesses for knowledge. In a systematic review, all verdicts used to accumulate data are explicit, which allows a researcher to determine for themselves the standards of the appraisal process and the capability of bias. In this case, systematic reviews have tendencies to be...
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...a quick handbook to sampling. Those with a beginning interest should be able to use this review as a first step into sampling science. Each section should provide a further understanding of sampling from the various articles reviewed. Literature Review Outline The literature review will begin with an introduction section to survey sampling. The history of survey sampling will be shown by the articles reviewed. Following an introduction to sampling, methodologies used in sampling will be explored. Each methodology will be represented by at least one scholarly article. The reader will have a general understanding of each method. Before the review’s conclusion, typical errors in sampling will be explored through various articles and a case study. By the end of the review the reader will have an overview knowledge of sampling including errors, methods, and history. As...
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...Schizophrenia, and Psychosis Many propose the question that for many years pondered the minds of many great theorists, and that is: What is a mood disorder, and how many personal dispositions or traits may a person actually possess? To date, a specific number has never been stressed. What is certain, is that mood fluctuates from individual to individual, and is a part of everyday life. Learning to adapt to multiple different moods and personalities can be challenging for anyone, especially those designated to conduct research. There are many different angles in which a person’s mood can be studied. Methods include gathering data and examining different traits. Psychologists study common traits that are shared as well as unique traits referring to individual behavior. In research, they emphasize continued studies on mood and temperament traits. These traits proposed the questions of behavior. Such as why a person behaves in the manner that they do, the motivation behind why they behave in certain ways, and their ability to sustain. For the purposes of this paper, mood, psychosis, schizophrenia, and the biological, cognitive, and behavioral components of each will be analyzed. Part I: Mood Disorders To understand mood disorders, it is important to first understand the definition of mood. Hansell & Damour (2008) suggest that mood is a state of which includes cognitive, motivational, and physical processes, that influence every aspect of our lives. Mood disorders, which are...
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...(Donaldson-Myles, 2011; Fitelson, Kim, Baker, & Leight, 2011). There are many risk factors attributed to the development of PPD such as history of depression during pregnancy, history of anxiety during pregnancy, stressful life events, lack of social or partner support, low socioeconomic status, low oxytocin levels, as well as the use of formula for infant feeding (Donaldson-Myles, 2011; Stuebe, Grewen, & Meltzer-Brody, 2013; Fitelson et al., 2011). As PPD is a major public health concern for women and infant well-being research has found a wide range of treatment options ensuring individualized care. Postpartum...
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...I agree with you that health literacy is a serious and real problem in the health care field. Limited health literacy affects a patient's entire health care experience. Patients with low health literacy are more likely to miss preventive measures, which will most likely require rehospitalization. It is imperative for nurses to avoid jargons and use simple language to get the message across. While Henderson’s theory supports nursing as a profession in assisting patients who are well or sick and ensuring 14 basic needs, Orem’s theory is more contemporary where a nurse engages patient in plan of care and guides the patient to be self-dependent in the acquisition of knowledge and skills. Orem’s theory supports that client has the primary responsibility of personal health, with the nurse acting as a guide. Furthermore as long as self-care abilities equal or exceed self-care demands, such patients have no need for nursing ( Hohdorf,2010). However, if self –care deficit is recognized ,nurses should individualize care based on patient situation and must clearly communicate in order to improve and coordinate patient care. In order to improve and coordinate patient care, decisions made by nurses must be individualized to the patient situation, information collected by nurses must be clearly communicated to other health care providers and nurses must actively intervene and suppor Hohdorf, M. (2010). Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory in Ingolstadt -- an...
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...as to help him/her gain independence as rapidly as possible (Virginia Henderson, 1961).” Henderson's work is widely used by nurses in different nations because of its practicality and realistic application in nursing practice. The nursing assessment, diagnosis, plan and evaluation parallels the doctors' general decision-making processes. Relevance Henderson’s work is essential to clinical nurse today. With the major shift in emphasis of nursing care today, nurses should be able to use Henderson’s model in caring for the patient. The patient’s ability to perform the 14 basic human needs should be assessed before considering the kind of care function to administer. It is essential to determine if one will be performing as a helper, a doer, or substitute, or a partner. Nursing interventions are implemented according to the 14 basic human needs of the patient. The degree of performance, involvement of the patient and level of the nurse activity will be dependent on the specific role the nurse will be playing. Objectives: After the completion of the discussion, the graduate student shall have: ➢ Acquired knowledge and understanding of the development of Henderson’s theory ➢ Defined Henderson’s theory ➢ Related the conceptual framework to the current clinical setting ➢ Identified and enumerated examples of application of Henderson’s theory in clinical practice...
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...major contributory factor to the apparent increase of aged persons approaching 80 years who according to Professor Richie Pluton (2015) will approximately be 400 million by 2050 and he argues that these vast number will pose a great challenge of disability and diseases unless ingenious methods that enhance healthy lifespan are adopted. It is calculated the number of individuals 60 and older will increase to 1.2 billion in 2025, furthermore in this way it will increase to two billion in 2050 (WHO, 2013b). Additionally, by the year 2025, about 75% of aged populace might be living in developing nations, are currently burdened by the inadequate human service such as skills, knowledge and labor (WHO, 2013b). The human service in this case refers to an aspect whereby the elderly are required to provide for some intangible commodities for those close to them and other individuals. Human service from the elderly is quite a challenge since these individuals are lesser energetic and have a...
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...Pay for Performance Incentive Programs in Healthcare: Market Dynamics and Business Process Executive Briefing AUTHOR Geoffrey Baker, MBA President, Med-Vantage® Inc. 1 California Street, Suite 2800 San Francisco, California 94111 CONTRIBUTORS John Haughton, MD, MS Founder, DocSite LLC 540 Main Street Winchester, Massachusetts 01890 Peter Mongroo Director, Healthcare Industries Markets Oracle Corporation 500 Oracle Parkway Redwood Shores, California 94065 A Research Report sponsored by ViPSSM, Inc. in partnership with Med-Vantage® 2003 Table of Contents Introduction.......................................................................................................................2 Goals and Motivations behind Pay for Performance..................................................................4 Market Adoption .................................................................................................................5 Funding and Incentives .......................................................................................................7 Measuring Performance: Physicians and Hospitals..................................................................10 P4P Operations and Business Processes for Health Plans.........................................................12 Key Lessons Learned and Critical Success Factors ..................................................................14 Conclusion...........................................................
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...Abstract………………………………………………………………………….. 3 2. About the Hospital………………………………………………………………. 4 3. Patient Satisfaction……………………………………………………………… 10 4. Need and objective of the study………………………………………………… 12 5. Review of literature……………………………………………………………... 13 6. Research Methodology………………………………………………………….. 17 7. Data Analysis……………………………………………………………………. 19 8. Problems Observed and Recommendations……………………………………... 24 9. Conclusion………………………………………………………………………. 25 10. References……………………………………………………………………… 26 11. Questionnaire…………………………………………………………………... 28 Chapter 1 Abstract This project reports on the development and psychometric properties of the patients receiving health care service. The instrument used contains 18 items tapping each of the seven dimensions of satisfaction with medical care like general satisfaction, technical quality, interpersonal manner, communication, financial aspects, time spent with doctor, and accessibility and convenience. Chapter 2 Seven Hills Healthcare Private Limited About Seven Hills Group has over two decades of experience in the healthcare sector, providing quality healthcare and valuable expertise, supported by a team of compassionate and dedicated medical professionals offering state of the art in-patient and out-patient facilities, focusing on the comfort and safety of our patients and their loved ones. Seven Hills Group currently has two hospitals, located in...
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