...PERCENTAGES: THE MOST USEFUL STATISTICS EVER INVENTED Thomas R. Knapp © 2010 "Eighty percent of success is showing up." - Woody Allen “Baseball is ninety percent mental and the other half is physical.” - Yogi Berra "Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration." - Thomas Edison Preface You know what a percentage is. 2 out of 4 is 50%. 3 is 25% of 12. Etc. But do you know enough about percentages? Is a percentage the same thing as a fraction or a proportion? Should we take the difference between two percentages or their ratio? If their ratio, which percentage goes in the numerator and which goes in the denominator? Does it matter? What do we mean by something being statistically significant at the 5% level? What is a 95% confidence interval? Those questions, and much more, are what this book is all about. In his fine article regarding nominal and ordinal bivariate statistics, Buchanan (1974) provided several criteria for a good statistic, and concluded: “The percentage is the most useful statistic ever invented…” (p. 629). I agree, and thus my choice for the title of this book. In the ten chapters that follow, I hope to convince you of the defensibility of that claim. The first chapter is on basic concepts (what a percentage is, how it differs from a fraction and a proportion, what sorts of percentage calculations are useful in statistics...
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...Southern Cross University ePublications@SCU Theses 2009 Strategic human resource management: what does it mean in practice? Ken Lovell Southern Cross University Publication details Lovell, K 2009, 'Strategic human resource management: what does it mean in practice?', DBA thesis, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW. Copyright K Lovell 2009 ePublications@SCU is an electronic repository administered by Southern Cross University Library. Its goal is to capture and preserve the intellectual output of Southern Cross University authors and researchers, and to increase visibility and impact through open access to researchers around the world. For further information please contact epubs@scu.edu.au. Strategic Human Resource Management: What does it mean in practice? Ken Lovellll Ken Love B Com (Industrial Relations), University of New South Wales B Soc Sc (Hons) (HRM), Southern Cross University A research thesis submitted to the Graduate College of Management, Southern Cross University, Australia, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Business Administration 15 May 2009 Statement of Original Authorship I certify that the substance of this thesis has not currently been submitted for any degree and has not previously being submitted for any other degree. I also certify that to the best of my knowledge any help received in preparing this thesis and all sources used have been acknowledged in this thesis. Signed ………………………………………………. Ken Lovell...
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...Southern Cross University ePublications@SCU Theses 2009 Strategic human resource management: what does it mean in practice? Ken Lovell Southern Cross University Publication details Lovell, K 2009, 'Strategic human resource management: what does it mean in practice?', DBA thesis, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW. Copyright K Lovell 2009 ePublications@SCU is an electronic repository administered by Southern Cross University Library. Its goal is to capture and preserve the intellectual output of Southern Cross University authors and researchers, and to increase visibility and impact through open access to researchers around the world. For further information please contact epubs@scu.edu.au. Strategic Human Resource Management: What does it mean in practice? Ken Lovellll Ken Love B Com (Industrial Relations), University of New South Wales B Soc Sc (Hons) (HRM), Southern Cross University A research thesis submitted to the Graduate College of Management, Southern Cross University, Australia, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Business Administration 15 May 2009 Statement of Original Authorship I certify that the substance of this thesis has not currently been submitted for any degree and has not previously being submitted for any other degree. I also certify that to the best of my knowledge any help received in preparing this thesis and all sources used have been acknowledged in this thesis. Signed ………………………………………………. Ken Lovell...
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...Handbook of Management Accounting Research Volume 3 Edited by CHRISTOPHER S. CHAPMAN Imperial College London, UK ANTHONY G. HOPWOOD University of Oxford, UK MICHAEL D. SHIELDS Michigan State University, USA AMSTERDAM – BOSTON – HEIDELBERG – LONDON – NEW YORK – OXFORD PARIS – SAN DIEGO – SAN FRANCISCO – SINGAPORE – SYDNEY – TOKYO Elsevier The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford OX5 1GB, UK First edition 2009 Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science & Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone ( 44) (0) 1865 843830; fax ( 44) (0) 1865 853333; email: permissions@elsevier.com. Alternatively visit the Science and Technology Books website at www.elsevierdirect.com/rights for further information Notice No responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions or ideas contained in the material herein. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record for...
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...3122-prelims.qxd 10/29/03 2:20 PM Page i International Human Resource Management 3122-prelims.qxd 10/29/03 2:20 PM Page ii 3122-prelims.qxd 10/29/03 2:20 PM Page iii second edition International Human Resource Management edited by A n n e - Wi l H a r z i n g J o r i s Va n R u y s s e v e l d t SAGE Publications London l Thousand Oaks l New Delhi 3122-prelims.qxd 10/29/03 2:20 PM Page iv © Anne-Wil Harzing and Joris van Ruysseveldt, 2004 First published 2004 Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, this publication may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form, or by any means, only with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction, in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the publishers. SAGE Publications Ltd 1 Olivers Yard London EC1Y 1SP SAGE Publications Inc 2455 Teller Road Thousand Oaks, California 91320 SAGE Publications India Pvt Ltd B-42, Panchsheel Enclave Post Box 4109 New Delhi 100 017 British Library Cataloguing in Publication data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 0 7619 4039 1 ISBN 0 7619 4040 5 (pbk) Library of Congress Control Number...
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