...amendments to this end would be futile as such conduct is already regulated by the existing provisions in the CCA. Others have even argued that such regulation has the potential to impede to legitimate and pro-competitive commercial behaviour. Nonetheless, the Australian Consumer and Competition Commission (ACCC) has maintained its position in support of laws that specifically target anti-competitive communication between competitors. Recent public disclosures regarding factors such as price and capacity by airline and telecommunications giants have generated some controversy. ACCC Chairman Rod Sims has made several comments in response, publicly expressing his opinion that the current price signalling laws ought to be extended beyond the banking industry. This paper will first examine the legal landscape of ‘Price Signalling’ and...
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...------------------------------------------------- SUBJECT:.PRESSUR REGULATOR ------------------------------------------------- AND ITS WORKING ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- SUBMITTED TO:.SIR JUNAID AKHLAS ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Pressure regulator and its working Defination:. Gas pressure regulators reduce high-pressure gas in a cylinder or process line to a lower, usable level as it passes to another piece of equipment. They also maintain pressure within a gas delivery system. Gas pressure regulators are not flow control devices; they are used to control delivery pressure only Types of pressure regulators:. There are four main types of gas pressure regulators 1-line gas pressure regulators 2-general-purpose gas pressure regulators 3-high purity gas pressure regulators 4-special service gas pressure regulators Uses :. Typically...
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...REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10667 * Philippine Competition Act * Established to look into anti-competitive agreements and abuses of dominant position as well as review mergers and acquisitions. * A national competition policy that seeks to promote free and fair competition in trade, industry and all commercial economic activities. * The Philippine Competition Commission. * United States’ Antitrust Laws PROHIBITED ACTS * Anti-Competitive Agreements Agreements between or among competitors where they limit their price of goods to be sold. Another thing is where they fix the price at an auction including bid manipulation and other forms of bidding * Abuse of Dominant Position Constricts the competition between existing entities with their use of power or dominance over the first-hand players in the industry such that they lessen or lower their prices in order to gain more (predatory acts) * Anti-Competitive Mergers and Acquisitions These are movements or acts referring to the tactics usually practiced by big players in the market to extensively prevent, restrict or lessen and manipulate competition. PENALTIES * Chapter IV of the Republic Act under the 1987 Philippine Constitution Administrative fines for the violation of Sections 14 and 15 under Chapter III and also Sections 17 and 20 under Chapter IV of the Act. * Section 29(b) Failure to Comply With an Order of the Commission: An entity which fails or refuses to comply with a ruling, order...
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...Commercial & Transport Law Lecturer: Niall Kearney Student: Graeme Leahy Explain why the European Commission regulates mergers between undertakings (Regulation 139/2004) First of all, what is the Merger Control Regulation (MCR)? Merger Control is the procedure of reviewing mergers and acquisitions under competition law. The MCR was put into force on 21 September 1990, providing procedures for commission notifications and investigations. These regimes are adopted to prevent anti-competitive consequences of mergers and acquisitions. Most merger control regimes normally provide accordingly for one of the following: * Does the concentration significantly impede effective competition? * Does the concentration substantially lessen competition? * Does the concentration lead to the creation or strengthening of a dominant position? The purpose of the MCR is to enable competition authorities to regulate changes in market structure by deciding whether two or more commercial companies may merge, combine or consolidate their business to one. It might be expected that many mergers would be forbidden as they may raise severe competition concerns. In particular, they may result in the undertakings acquiring or strengthening a position of market power and in an increase in the market price of the products or services on the respected market. (Anton, n.d.). However, mergers also give the owner of the business the opportunity to sell it on. If this wasn’t a possible...
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...Abstract In this technological revolution world, there is no time for anyone to know what is happening around them. They keep on moving without any care as they give importance to their work rather than others. Due to reduce in moral values one cannot get proper help when they need. This can be solved by this technology itself. Due to time laps many lives are in risk. To reduce this risk factor automatic accident detection and victim analysis plays an important role. Reducing the time laps will reduce the death rate. As reducing the time taken to take first aid will reduce the effect of accident on the victim. Probability of victim security will be more. As now a days mobile is common electronic gadget that is present with everyone and this problem can be solved by it only. By the short message service (SMS) on of the fetcher of mobile will help to solve this problem. By this embedded system we can know the place of accident, status of the victim etc. By this information rescue team will be easily help the victim. By using technologies GPS and GPRS one can easily locate the position of the accident. This project say the technologies that how an accident is detected and victim status. As prevention is better than cure, The main motive of this project is to reduce the accident rate and reduce the time for first aid. The proposed system ensures that to reduce the human death ratio by...
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...The case is about Staples and Office Depot wanting to merge into one firm to have combined annual sales that surpass ten billion. Staples and Office Depot are big competitors in the market with one another and OfficeMax is competing as well. Office Depot is the largest chain of office supply stores with over 500 stores nationwide, while Staples has 500 stores. The superstore supply industry is an oligopoly because there are few (three) firms that dominate the office supply market. Office Depot is the lowest priced competitor, while staples’ prices are lowest in areas where all three of the office stores compete. If there are no competitors in a certain geographic area the store will raise its prices, because people will not be as sensitive to the price of products since there is no close competitor around. The barriers to entry that help maintain the industry structure is economies of sale because if additional firms try to enter the market they will not be able to survive. The firms could not survive in the market because they cannot produce the volume necessary to enjoy reduced average costs, therefore will not generate good profits in the long run. Many stores cannot enter the market because they would soon go bankrupt because Staples and Office Depot are such strong competitors; so many firms are exiting the market. If the merger were allowed a monopoly would be created in many markets because the merged store would be the sole producer of office supplies. In other areas...
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...The Competition Act 89 of 1998 (“the Act”) was used as reference Caption: Momentum Group Limited v African Life Health (Pty) Ltd (CAC) 58/CAC/Dec05 Heard in the Competition Appeal Court Decided 14 February 2006. Judgment written by Malan AJA. Davis JP and Mailula AJA concurring. Facts: This case dealt with the review and appeal of the decision of the Competition Tribunal. The applicants in the case are Momentum Group Limited (“MGL”) and two non-executive directors, L. Dippenaar and J Burger, who are the CEO and CFO of First Rand Limited (“FRL”), respectively. The Chairperson of the Competition Tribunal, the Acting Commissioner of the Competition Commission and African Life Health (Pty) Ltd (“ALH”) were respondents. The case concerned a large merger between MGL and ALH, MGL being the acquiring firm and ALH the target firm. The Competition Tribunal (“the Tribunal”) raised concern about the dual directorship held at operating and holding company level between the acquiring firm, MGL, and its parent firm, FRL, and one of FRL’s subsidiary’s, Discovery Holdings. FRL holds 65.6% shares in Discovery and wholly owns MGL. MGL and ALH operate in the medical scheme administration sector. The Competition Commission recommended that the merger be approved unconditionally after which it was referred to the Tribunal in terms of s 14A of the Act for approval. The Tribunal imposed a condition on the merger that prohibited cross directorship between Discovery and MGL. The Tribunal...
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...EYE BLINK SENSOR & ACCIDENT PREVENTION Abstract: Description: The Objective of this project is to develop a system to keep the vehicle secure and protect it by the occupation of the intruders. Scope: We can’t take care of ours while in running by less conscious. If we done all the vehicles with automated security system that provides high security to driver, also gives alarm. Function: This project involves measure and controls the eye blink using IR sensor. The IR transmitter is used to transmit the infrared rays in our eye. The IR receiver is used to receive the reflected infrared rays of eye. If the eye is closed means the output of IR receiver is high otherwise the IR receiver output is low. This to know the eye is closing or opening position. This output is give to logic circuit to indicate the alarm. This project involves controlling accident due to unconscious through Eye blink. Here one eye blink sensor is fixed in vehicle where if anybody looses conscious and indicate through alarm. CONTENTS 1. Introduction ……....……………….………………………………..……6 2. System Model…….……………………………………………….…….7 2.1 Basic Model of The System …….…..……………………..…….7 2.2 Circuit Diagram …….……………………………………..……...8 2.3 Parts of The System …………………………...………..………..9 2.3.1 IR Sensing Circuit………..…….………..……………….9 2.3.2 Alarm Circuit……..………………………………………11 2.3.3...
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...TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF KENYA SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS DEPARTMENT P.O Box 52428-00200 NAIROBI FINAL YEAR PROJECT PROJECT TITLE: PHASE-ANGLE CONTROL OF SCR USING AT89C51 BY Yamame Gerrishom Kennedy ADMISSION NO: 109/01670 SUPERVISOR: MR. BONIFACE CHOMBA ` May 20th, 2014, TABLE OF CONTENTS. DECLARATION.......................................................................................................................................i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT………………………………..….……………………………………………………………………………………ii DEDICATION………………………………..……………………………………………………………………………..………………..……iii ABSTRACT………………………………..………………………………………………………………………………………………………..iv CHAPTER ONE………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………1 INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..………1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 PROJECT BACKGROUND………………………………………………………………………..…………..1 PROBLEM STATEMENT……………………………………………………………………………………………………3 PROPOSED SOLUTION…………………………………………………………………………………………………….3 SYSTEM OBJECTIVES……………………………………………………………………………………………………….5 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT/SPECIFICATIONS……………………………………………………………………….6 BLOCK DIAGRAM……………………………………………………………………………………..…………………….6 DESCRIPTION OF THE BLOCK DIAGRAM………....………………………………………………………………7 CHAPTER TWO………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………8 2.1 2.2 2.3 EXISTING SOLUTIONS……………………………………………………………………………………………………..8 LITERATURE REVIEW………………………………………………………………………………………………………9 CONCLUSION………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...
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...Automated Egg Incubator DESCRIPTION: Temperature control is achieved through an Arduino nano, which uses gains determined by the Ziegler-Nicholas turning method to turn on a state relay connected to heat lamp. Egg-turning is achieved through a novel “shifting floor” design, featuring a slot mechanism attached to servo motors to shift the floor beneath the eggs. An Ethernet shield is used to post status updates using FB and warn the user if a problem occurs. Through logging data, we found that the incubator has good temperature control, egg-turning capabilities, and informative post. Automatic Candling is achieved through a floor of light that will be placed underneath the eggs. Every few days, the lights flash, and a webcam overhead takes a photo and send to the raiser to know if the eggs are develop. In addition, the user can also remotely control the lamp of the incubator through sending a message to the GSM module that would force the lamp to turn off. FEATURES: * MICROCONTROLLER MICROCONTROLLER Uses Temperature Sensors: DS18B20 and DHT-22 * Uses Servo Motor for egg turning mechanism * Uses GSM module for user remote control * Have a fan for even temperature and proper oxygenation of the embryos. * Uses a webcam to take photo for comparing a normal developing candled eggs. FLOW OF OPERATION The project Automated Egg Incubator operates with the help of Microcontroller, the heart of this device. The microcontroller is the one who operates the...
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...S w 910N29 BASEL III: AN EVALUATION OF NEW BANKING REGULATIONS1 David Blaylock wrote this case under the supervision of David Conklin solely to provide material for class discussion. The authors do not intend to illustrate either effective or ineffective handling of a managerial situation. The authors may have disguised certain names and other identifying information to protect confidentiality. Richard Ivey School of Business Foundation prohibits any form of reproduction, storage or transmission without its written permission. Reproduction of this material is not covered under authorization by any reproduction rights organization. To order copies or request permission to reproduce materials, contact Ivey Publishing, Richard Ivey School of Business Foundation, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada, N6A 3K7; phone (519) 661-3208; fax (519) 661-3882; e-mail cases@ivey.uwo.ca. Copyright © 2010, Richard Ivey School of Business Foundation Version: 2013-03-11 INTRODUCTION The world’s biggest banks have a combined 1,730 (US$2,287 billion) gap in liquid investments that they must fill within four years, according to the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, the international banking watchdog. Under the Basel III rule book, finalized by the committee on Thursday, December 16, 2010, 91 of the world’s biggest banks — tested in an impact assessment...
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...Basel I DEFINITION OF 'BASEL I' A set of international banking regulations put forth by the Basel Committee on Bank Supervision, which set out the minimum capital requirements of financial institutions with the goal of minimizing credit risk. Banks that operate internationally are required to maintain a minimum amount (8%) of capital based on a percent of risk-weighted assets. Basel II is the second of the Basel Accords, (now extended and partially superseded[clarification needed] by Basel III), which are recommendations on banking laws and regulations issued by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision. BREAKING DOWN 'Basel I' The first accord was the Basel I. It was issued in 1988 and focused mainly on credit risk by creating a bank asset classification system. This classification system grouped a bank's assets into five risk categories: 0% - cash, central bank and government debt and any OECD government debt 0%, 10%, 20% or 50% - public sector debt 20% - development bank debt, OECD bank debt, OECD securities firm debt, non-OECD bank debt (under one year maturity) and non-OECD public sector debt, cash in collection 50% - residential mortgages 100% - private sector debt, non-OECD bank debt (maturity over a year), real estate, plant and equipment, capital instruments issued at other banks The bank must maintain capital (Tier 1 and Tier 2) equal to at least 8% of its risk-weighted assets. For example, if a bank has risk-weighted assets of $100 million, it is required to maintain...
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...CAPITAL ADEQUACY FRAMEWORK AND RISK MANAGEMENT IN BANKS GUEST LECTURE: MR. R M PATTANAIK EX GM- INDIAN OVERSEAS BANK CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIO (CAR) Also known as Capital to Risk (Weighted) Assets Ratio (CRAR) is the ratio of a bank’s capital to its risk. National regulators track a bank's CAR to ensure that it can absorb a reasonable amount of loss and complies with statutory capital requirements. It is a measure of a bank's capital. It is expressed as a percentage of a bank's risk weighted credit exposures. This ratio is used to protect depositors and promote the stability and efficiency of financial systems around the world. Two types of capital are measured: tier one capital, which can absorb losses without a bank being required to cease trading, and tier two capital, which can absorb losses in the event of a winding-up and so provides a lesser degree of protection to depositors. CAR= Capital funds/ Total risk weighted assets (TRWA) WHAT IS RISK? Risk is the possibility of suffering a loss which is UNEXPECTED, UNFORSEEN and UNCERTAIN. Expected losses can be managed and covered by “Provisions” like Loan loss or NPA provisions, Provision for depreciation and investments etc. However, unexpected losses can be taken care by maintaining adequate capital. The capital acts as cushion or shock absorber for the bank in times of unforeseen losses. RISK MANAGEMENT Whatever activities you undertake there is a certain degree of risk associated with it. This risk however...
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...How did Financial Reporting Contribute to the Financial Crisis? Mary E. Barth Graduate School of Business Stanford University Stanford, CA, 94305 mbarth@stanford.edu. Wayne R. Landsman Kenan-Flagler Business School University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 wayne_landsman@unc.edu. May 2010 Forthcoming, European Accounting Review, 2010 We appreciate comments from seminar participants at the Bank of Spain, Rob Bloomfield, Elicia Cowins, Hilary Eastman, Gavin Francis, Christian Kusi-Yeboah, Jim Leisenring, Martien Lubberink, Richard Rendleman, David Tweedie, and an anonymous reviewer. We acknowledge funding from the Center for Finance and Accounting Research at UNC-Chapel Hill and the Stanford Graduate School of Business Center for Global Business and the Economy. Electronic copy available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1601519 How did Financial Reporting Contribute to the Financial Crisis? Abstract We scrutinize the role financial reporting for fair values, asset securitizations, derivatives, and loan loss provisioning played in the Financial Crisis. Because banks were at the center of the Financial Crisis, we focus our discussion and analysis on the effects of financial reporting by banks. We conclude fair value accounting played little or no role in the Financial Crisis. However, transparency of information associated with asset securitizations and derivatives likely was insufficient for investors to assess...
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...FINANCIAL SERVICES Optimizing banking operating models From strategy to implementation September 2012 kpmg.com KPMG INTERNATIONAL Contents Executive summary The challenges facing the banking sector Regulations and regulators Economic environment Changing customers The march of technology 3 3 3 1 2 2 How will these changes affect the universal banking operating model? The end of universal banking Disintegration of the value chain Cost efficiency is key in developing new operating models New IT architectures are essential 6 6 5 4 4 What banks need to do Seizing this once-in-a-life-time transformation opportunity Developing an innovative operating model to overcome loss of scale and cost issues Implementing long-term sustainable cost reduction measures Implementing an iterative and collaborative approach to a complex, multi-faceted problem 10 11 9 8 8 Making it to the finish line 13 © 2012 KPMG International Cooperative (“KPMG International”), a Swiss entity. Member firms of the KPMG network of independent firms are affiliated with KPMG International. KPMG International provides no client services. All rights reserved. Optimizing banking operating models | 1 Executive summary A s the world emerges from what has been described as the greatest crisis in the history of finance capitalism, banks must adapt to radical new regulations, technologies, customer expectations and economic environments. The current universal bank operating model...
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