...to what they say and to one another. It means that we cannot manage without modals in everyday life. But those who speak English as a foreign language may have great difficulty choosing the correct modal verb to express exactly what they want to. These are the most common situations in which modals are helpful: 1. Asking for permission: Can I ask you a question, please? (informal) Could I (possibly) ask you a question, please? (more polite) Can’t / Couldn’t I ask you a question? (if you want to put extra pressure on someone to give a positive answer) I wonder if I could ask you a question. (very polite) May I ask you a question, please? (formal) Might I ask you a question, please? (very formal) 2. Giving / Refusing permission: You can park your car here. (informal) You may park your car in this area. (formal – usually written) You can’t / mustn’t park your car here (informal, prohibition) You may not park your car here (formal – usually written) You needn’t do it. (permission not to do) 3. Making requests / instructions / orders: Can you explain this to me? (informal) Could / Would you explain this to me? (more polite) Will you explain this to me? (polite instruction) You must explain this to me. (very strict) Can I have some water? (informal) Could I have some water? (polite) May I have some water? (formal) Might I have some water? (very formal) What shall I explain to you? (asking for instruction) 4. Making offers: I’ll help you. Can I help you? Could...
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...silence could affect you and the other person involved. Placating will not show the true you. So be careful and do not over exaggerate. Not responding to things that are asked of you, making excuses, so quit playing games. Be involved in situations as much as you can, but if you keep turning it down then you are just secluding your-self from it. Self-concept is very important. Build your-self up, do not allow someone else to bring you down. You need self-control. It will help you think before you speak; which will allow you to say the right things, just be careful. Words are powerful, so be very careful when you respond to any situation. You take in consideration who you are speaking to and the way your tone of voice is when you say it. When someone discloses any information to you about their past, then be empathic to the situation. So in the situation of someone disclosing information, being a good listener will be beneficial to you. Using strategies for active, critical, and empathic listening will help you communicate better. Receive facts to use in the conversation, ask questions about the subject you are speaking about, and be open minded. Supporting each other and life experiences will help you manage conflicts. Do not let gender nor culture come between you and the other person. It could cloud your judgment towards certain situations. Over time I have learned that barriers exist and I know they do get in the way of a good relationship. I hope you can use strategies like...
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...near the bottom of a post in the blog. Library's Business Planning Blog Library's Building a Business Blog Library's Strategic Planning Blog ________________________________________ Introduction Interviews are particularly useful for getting the story behind a participant's experiences. The interviewer can pursue in-depth information around a topic. Interviews may be useful as follow-up to certain respondents to questionnaires, e.g., to further investigate their responses. Usually open-ended questions are asked during interviews. Before you start to design your interview questions and process, clearly articulate to yourself what problem or need is to be addressed using the information to be gathered by the interviews. This helps you keep clear focus on the intent of each question. Preparation for Interview 1. Choose a setting with little distraction. Avoid loud lights or noises, ensure the interviewee is comfortable (you might ask them if they are), etc. Often, they may feel more comfortable at their...
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...convince admission officers whom you’ve never met, in less than ten minutes, that you would be a good match for their colleges. At the most basic level, it allows admission officers to evaluate your communication and writing skills. In addition, the essay allows admission officers to discover more about you as a person – a side of you not shown by statistics like grades and SATs. The essay gives information about your history, attitudes, interests and creativity; it gives a sense of your values and goals. What admission officers are doing is creating a community…looking to see how you would fit in that community, what would you bring to that community and what sets you apart. How the essay is evaluated • • • Is your writing mechanically sound? Is your writing style comfortable? Can you write a good sentence? Can you write a good paragraph? Do you address the question asked? Can you form a thesis? Can you discuss a theme? Is your argument logical? Can you get in and out of the essay with some finesse? Do you write with style, nuance and creativity? Do you write with a distinctive voice? Choosing a topic Choose the essay topic that appeals to you most. The topic is less important than your delivery Remember: there is no right or wrong answer. The college just wants to know who you are and how your mind works. Bad essay topics - there are bad essays, not bad topics; but be careful about the following: • • • • • • • • • • • Winning or losing the...
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...essay is to convince admission officers whom you’ve never met, in less than ten minutes, that you would be a good match for their colleges. At the most basic level, it allows admission officers to evaluate your communication and writing skills. In addition, the essay allows admission officers to discover more about you as a person – a side of you not shown by statistics like grades and SATs. The essay gives information about your history, attitudes, interests and creativity; it gives a sense of your values and goals. What admission officers are doing is creating a community…looking to see how you would fit in that community, what would you bring to that community and what sets you apart. How the essay is evaluated • • • Is your writing mechanically sound? Is your writing style comfortable? Can you write a good sentence? Can you write a good paragraph? Do you address the question asked? Can you form a thesis? Can you discuss a theme? Is your argument logical? Can you get in and out of the essay with some finesse? Do you write with style, nuance and creativity? Do you write with a distinctive voice? Choosing a topic Choose the essay topic that appeals to you most. The topic is less important than your delivery Remember: there is no right or wrong answer. The college just wants to know who you are and how your mind works. Bad essay topics - there are bad essays, not bad topics; but be careful about the following: • • • • • • • • • • • Winning or losing the big game. Death of a pet...
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...Poom Yingkamhang (TESOL Year 1) 57XXXXXXX-X No.26 30 October 2014 Acceptance Individual Thinking What did you learn in this class ? * Friends shared their experience * Listening to professor telling a story * Professor teach comparing the story to the lesson Conclusion 1.What did you learned in this class ? The first time in this class we checked in. And listening to friends telling stories. Friends Experiences The first one is Priaw , she told us about her story that she was 14 years old. That time she started interested in English and she tries to improve her English skills by chatting with foreigner friends and that time she is chatting all day and all night because time not the same that affecting to her health. It causes to be Insomnia. Her experience warned us about we should to manage time to make it balance. The second is Dream , She shared her experience when she was doing activities as she is Freshy Boy and Girl contest. The staff gave a mission to her “ You have to find to go to Khonkaen Zoo without use the money ” So , She decided to hitchhike the car and finally someone who is a good person stop the car and she asks for help to take her and her teammates to Khonkean Zoo for free. This story teaches us in the real world still have a good person who really glad to help other people. The third one is Fa , She told us her experience about the accident it happens when she was 8 years old. At that time her parents have to go to other...
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...communication can be done through emails, reports, and articles. Demonstrative communication includes nonverbal and written messages which entail sending and receiving wordless messages. For example, going for a job interview, you have to dress properly and give a firm handshake and a friendly demeanor can speak volumes about the kind of person you are and what you are going to bring to the company. Another example to reinforce his or her verbal performance is that a person meets someone on the street or in the office, they usually can tell if the other person is friendly by their smile and speaking cheerfully and if they are looking at the person when doing this. Demonstrative communication allows self-expression. People use this type of communication every day without evening knowing they are doing so. Examples or types of this communication are the hairstyle you have, the clothing you are wearing, the tattoos you have and symbols and architecture. Although this type of communication can be positive, people should be careful on how they use demonstrative communication because it can be imprecise and easily misread. With this being said gestures, appearances and facial expressions can mean different things to different people. So we have to be careful on what we say and do. Demonstrative communication lacks the complexity that language has to offer. Say a person is telling his...
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... Be careful about interrupting others, particularly your customers. They'll be especially upset if, while they're explaining a problem, you interrupt them and start offering a solution. If you feel you have to interrupt, at least cut to the chase and tell the other person what you think his or her main idea was. That way, the other person at least can confirm or correct you, and in either case save time. #2: Listen actively Did you ever get the feeling, when talking to someone that you were really talking to a wall? The person may have heard you but gave no indication of it at all. Avoid doing the same thing. When communicating with others, it's just as important that people be aware that you're listening as it is that you're actually listening. For that reason, be involved with and react to what the other person is saying, either via a nod, or an "I see," or a paraphrase of the other person's statements. You'll strengthen your own understanding and make a better impression. #3: Avoid negative questions Suppose you say to a customer, "You don't have Word installed?" and he answers "Yes." What does he mean? Yes, you're right, Word is not installed? Or yes, he DOES have Word installed? Asking a negative question creates confusion. It's clearer if you phrase the question positively (e.g., "Do you have Word installed?") or ask an open-ended question ("What applications do you have installed?"). If you must use the negative, try a question such as "Am I correct that you don't...
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...for vacation they have to adapt to the new environment they will be going to. If you do not have any support for your co-workers, adapting to the new environment is not going to be easy and trying to fit in is going to be very difficult. (Novinger, 2001) One on-going problem in the company is intercultural communication. Intercultural communication in the company relates speech and cultural issues of those belonging to an environment or land different from their own. A person who is raised in India is going to have a different culture than someone raised in the United States. People from India find it difficult to adapt to the United States and vice versa. Divergent thinking and convergent are similar, but different. Divergent thinking starts off with imagining all possibilities, during which the analyzing of the problems comes from convergent thinking. In turn after analyzing the problems, it helps you select all possible solutions. Apparently, the divergent and convergent thinking processes are the yin and yang of creative problem solving. One is not better than the other. They are just more suitable for the job at hand. Both processes are important to the eventual outcome of any group brainstorming session. It’s important to understand the benefits of the processes. If you are able to understand, you will be able to recognize under what kind of thinking is actually taking place. You will also be able to make the decision as to which method of thinking would be most...
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...Homework and Testing 1 Homework and Testing Assigning Homework How much is too much? As with classroom assignments, homework should never be given as busy work. It should have a purpose with a goal. And as I mentioned in the Behavioral Approach to Learning, homework should NEVER be given as punishment. The kid will associate homework with punishment. This may interest you. Harris Cooper (1998) analyzed more than 100 research studies on homework in American schools. He found that homework had a very small connection with test scores at the elementary level. If anything, the more homework an elementary school student had, the more negative their attitude was toward school. Plus it takes away from their social time, which is an important part of growing up. Kids need to learn social skills. Too much homework causes stress, as you probably know very well by now. Kids need to have down time too! Why does homework have such a small effect at the elementary level? One reason is that young children have limited attention spans and are very distractible. It is difficult to do homework in a house that has many distractions. Teachers need to work with parents and help students find a quiet space to do homework. Most professional organization in education agrees that homework should never exceed 10 - 20 minutes per day in grades K - 2. In grades 3 - 6 homework should never exceed 30 - 60 minutes per day. Another reason elementary school children do not benefit much from homework is...
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...CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR - I The purpose of this exercise is to broaden your understanding of consumer behaviour by bringing you face-to-face with a customer. The first step is to find a person who is not a member of this course, and who has recently bought a product or service of the kind defined in the box below. This customer could be an institutional / industrial buyer if you prefer. Your assignment is to conduct a depth interview of about 30-60 minutes in length with this customer. The goal of the interview is to understand the decision process that governed the purchase of this product or service in terms that can be useful to a marketing manager. The list of questions ahead in this sheet is intended as a broad guideline around which you can structure your depth interview. It is not to be followed dogmatically. Nor is it complete and exhaustive of the types of questions you need to ask, or the level of detail for which you need to probe. Rather you should try to stimulate a lively and open discussion around these key question areas from which you can: (a) develop a deep understanding of the purchase decision process; and (b) surface the factors, in the environment and in the customer’s psyche, that really determined why the customer acted the way he or she did. Be prepared to report briefly and concisely to the class on your key insights. You will probably find it useful to summarize your thoughts in writing (1-2) pages. I. A mundane product or service costing...
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...the Five Negotiation Styles People often ask "which is the best negotiation style?" As with much management theory there is no single 'best' or 'right' approach. All five profiles of dealing with conflict are useful in different situations. Although we're capable of using all five, most of us tend to have one or two preferred negotiation conflict styles that we use unconsciously in most conflict situations. Why? Either because our preferred styles have worked for us in the past, or because of our temperament (nature) or because of our upbringing (nurture). So if you're involved in business negotiations, which negotiation styles are likely to reward you with the biggest profit prizes? This question will be answered later in this article. First lets visit each of these important conflict profile styles. Compete (I win - You lose) Competitive style negotiators pursue their own needs - yes, even when this means others suffer. They usually don't want to cause others to suffer and lose, they are just so narrowly focused on their shorter term gains that they plunder obliviously through negotiations like a pirate. They often use whatever power and tactics they can muster, including their personality, position, economic threats, brand strength or size or market share. At its extreme negotiators call their behaviour aggressive or psychotic. When to use? When you need to act or get results quickly. Competition is critical when you are certain that something is not negotiable...
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... When you cut others off, the speaker thinks that you don’t care about their ideas or that you believe your ideas are better than theirs. When you interrupt, you may be perceived as rude, egocentric and controlling – someone who believes that what you have to say is more important than other’s ideas. Strategies on how to cut back interrupting: Count to three after the speaker seems to be finished. Concentrate on what the speaker is saying then paraphrase it back when he/she is finished. When you catch yourself interrupting, apologize and ask the speaker to continue. Ask another co-worker to count the number of times you interrupt in a day. Opportunistic Listening Look for Main and Supporting Points Sometimes it is appropriate to ask politely for the speaker’s thesis. E.g. “I’m trying to pull together what you’ve been telling me about the problems you’ve been, having meeting your quotas. Could you summarize for me?” At other times, however, it isn’t appropriate to ask the speaker outright. “Over all, then, would you say your division is losing its market share?” Take Notes You are unlikely to remember every deadline, every comment or even every topic in a meeting or conversation unless you jot it down. You don’t have to scribble every word in every setting, but when the topic is important, put it in writing. Repeat what you heard ...
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...1. PLACE A CALL When you are the caller, it’s good manners as well as good business to try to make the conversation as convenient and efficient as possible for the person you’re contacting. 2.1 Be organized before placing your call. You’d better prepare any questions you want to raise and any topics you want to cover. 2.2 Apologize if you dialled a wrong number. Don’t just hang up. When you apologize, don’t argue about why the person isn’t who you thought it would be. It’s your mistake, not the recipient’s! You may be irritated, but you should sound sincerely sorry. For example, ‘I’m sorry. I must have reached the wrong number.’ 2.3 Identify yourself or your company. You must let the recipient know who you are at first. If not, sometimes after you talk a lot things, the recipient even does not know who you are or which company you come from. For example, ‘Hello, this is Mary Jones of ABC Company. Is Mr. Lee available?’ 2.4 If you must leave a message or ask someone to call you back, it’s polite to leave your number, even for those you call regularly and provide information on the best time to reach you, especially if you are going to go out. 2.5 Quickly explain why you’ve called and ask if this is a good time to talk. ‘Dropping in’ unexpectedly by telephone can be as rude as doing so in person. Make sure the recipient is free to talk with you. 2.6 Be realistic about whether the matter in question really should...
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...we have to be careful on how we discuss any religion. I have learn throughout the years to just come out and ask a person and to ask them if there is any restriction within their religion as pertaining to the way I as a nurse would take care of them. “The historical biblical account of the creation of Adam and Eve (Genesis 1:26-27) states that God made the first man and woman 'in His own image'” (Grigg, 2015). It is important to set a good example since we have been created in the image of God. Being in the world of nursing I try to be mindful of what I say and do since I am a representation of God. It is always important to show goodness, kindness and to have empathy for those whom you are taking care of. There are many challenges face within nursing from the patients, the patient families and just the overall work environment. I try to remain positive and just let the patient voice what is going on with them. The best form of effective communication is just to listen. I teach them how to keep positive and help them to determine their own outcome. If they are a Christian, I remind them that God is there to help guide them through these times and he will provide an answer. “Hebrews 1:2 tells us that when God made the worlds (KJV) or universe (NIV), He did so by His Son” (Grigg, 2015). As a nurse, it is important to have patients trust you and to know that you can be trusted. After all their lives are in your hands and God’s. The people of whom you take care of...
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