...Run Number | Bubble size | Vortex | Distribution of bubbles | Foam | Evenness of flow | 1 | Large | In Middle | Evenly distributed in the bulk with a lot present near baffles | Foam present at top | Even in the middle | 2 | Larger | Present | | | More turbulent | 3 | Smaller Bubble size | No vortex seen | | Lot less foam | It was noticed that one air bubbler was bubbling more air than the air. Discuss why this happened. | 4 | Small bubble size | Present | Much less bubble formation | Present at top | Turbulent | 5 | Medium sized bubbles. Bigger than run 3. | No vortex seen | Less bubble formation | Less foam | Bubbles were seen evenly generated from both bubblers | 6 | Medium sized | Present | Evenly distributed in the bulk with a lot present near baffles | Present at top | Turbulent | 7 | Large | No vortex seen | | No Foam | Bubbles were evenly formed from both bubblers | 5.3 Analysis of Variance in parameters based on pooled data Variance in data was observed in each set of experiments due to a number of factors. These factors include stirrer speed, oxygen content, and the different sizes in air stones. From the ANOVA illustrated in Figure 1, the sources X1, X2, X3, X4 are oxygen flow rate, stone size, stirrer speed, and groups respectively. It is seen that the largest variance occurs at the stirrer speed parameter, with a F value of 24.71 as compared to oxygen flow rate at 1.82, stone size at 1.98 and groups at 0.15. This shows that the stirrer speed...
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...for the coated air bubble, which is the only coated bubble available for sale in America. This coated bubble has much stronger resistance and protection than the typical air bubble, as shown on the cushioning curve in exhibit 2. Sealed Air has also educated the market on their technology, so most clients don’t mind paying extra for the improved technology. They have recently encountered competition from a small firm that is selling uncoated air bubbles for a lower price than Sealed Air. This case analyzes the problem and the various steps Sealed Air can possibly take to beat the competition. In conclusion, the best option for Sealed Air would be to invest in uncoated bubbles as a sub brand of Sealed Air. I. BACKGROUND Introduction Sealed Air’s registered trademark name for it’s protective packaging materials was AirCap. The feature that differentiated AirCap cushioning products from all of its competitors was its barrier coating technology which greatly increased air retention, meaning less compression and better protection. Barrier coating and its customer benefits had been the central theme of Sealed Air’s AirCap cushioning for 10 years now. The three major segments for protective packaging market were positioning blocking, and bracing, flexible wraps and finally void fills. All AirCap cushioning was sold through distributors. II. ANALYSIS Problem Identification: Sealed Air is considering if at all they should dive in to the uncoated bubbles market even though...
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...What Caused Economic Crisis? Readers Questions: What are the factors that makes today’s economic crisis? Which of them are the most important in today’s economic crisis? Some of the most significant factors in causing today's economic crisis: • A glut of saving from Asia. A glut of savings poured into US and similar countries like UK. This kept US interest rates low and encouraged high levels of consumer spending in US. It encouraged a large current account deficit in the US. It also encouraged an asset bubble, because it was cheap to borrow and this encouraged unsustainable lending. • US interest rates kept too low for too long around 2003-2005. This encouraged an asset bubble, especially in US. The problem was that inflation was low and people felt this was the most important target. In targetting inflation, people ignored the asset bubble. (see: Mistakes of Alan Greenspan) • Bad Loans. Probably the biggest cause of the current credit crisis. Banks and mortgage companies made a serious of bad loans especially for subprime mortgages. Basically, people were lent mortgages they had no realistic chance of repaying. Mortgage companies and banks were left with a series of bad debts they had to write off. (see: Subprime crisis) • Lack of Capital reserves. In the boom years, banks pursued a reckless dash for growth. This meant lending a high % of deposits. Therefore, when they suffered bad losses. They had no reserves to call upon. This led to a dramatic drop in bank loans...
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...Charles Kindleberger: Anatomy of a Typical Financial Crisis January 03, 2009 We start with the model of the late Hyman Minsky, a man with a reputation among monetary theorists for being particularly pessimistic, even lugubrious, in his emphasis on the fragility of the monetary system and its propensity to disaster. Although Minsky was a monetary theorist rather than an economic historian, his model lends itself effectively to the interpretation of economic and financial history. Indeed, in its emphasis on the instability of the credit system, it is a lineal descendant of a model, set out with personal variations, by a host of classical economists including John Stuart Mill, Alfred Marshall, Knut Wicksell, and Irving Fisher. Like Fisher, Minsky attached great importance to the role of debt structures in causing financial difficulties, and especially debt contracted to leverage the acquisition of speculative assets for subsequent resale. According to Minsky, events leading up to a crisis start with a “displacement," some exogenous, outside shock to the macroeconomic system. The nature of this displacement varies from one speculative boom to another. It may be the outbreak or end of a war, a bumper harvest or crop failure, the widespread adoption of an invention with pervasive effects---canals, railroads, the automobile---some political event or surprising financial success, or debt conversion that precipitously lowers interest rates. An unanticipated...
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...of La Kaffa International Co (六角國際), which owns Chatime, told reporters in New Delhi on Wednesday that with India’s long history of tea drinking, it offers great potential for growth of new tea drinks like bubble tea, adding that Chatime is targeting the 15-to-30 age group. MIDDLE EAST He said Chatime also looked forward to bringing bubble tea to the Middle East in the future. Representative to India Philip Ong (翁文祺) told a news conference that he was delighted to see bubble tea finally getting a presence in the fast-growing South Asian country. ‘NEW PAGE’ Ong said Chatime is the first Taiwanese investor from the service sector to make inroads into India, a move that has turned a new page in business ties between the two countries. India-based Alchemist Group, which serves as the agent for Chatime’s tea products, said all of the tea and other ingredients for Chatime’s Indian outlets would be imported directly from Taiwan. Wang said although India was suffering widespread power outages, it had affected the manufacturing sector more than the service industry. GEORGE TOWN: Chatime Malaysia, the bubble tea franchise from Taiwan, is expanding its wings in the northern region amid rising demand for the beverages. Managing Director Bryan Loo said demand for Chatime bubble tea showed a significant rise since its inception in the northern region on October 2010, which resulted in outlets growing like "mushrooms after rain" in Perak and Penang. "Kedah and Perlis are still...
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...Market Analysis Bubble tea is specialist drink increasingly being offered in cafés, coffees shops and bars.It originates from Asia and is made up of hot or cold tea, milk, sugar and giant black tapioca balls. Ice is then added and the drink shaken to create the bubble effect. Bubbletea is often referred to as pearl shake, tapioca ball drink; boba ice tea and bubble drink among other things.Owing to their influences, bubble tea cafés are often Asian-themed in décor and may alsosell Asian snacks and food. They are often situated in fashionable areas of cities, populated by urban professionals with high disposable incomes and an interest inalternative eating and drinking venues.Bubble tea is a tea beverage that originated in Taiwan in the 1980s. The term "bubble"refers to the tapioca balls in the drink. These chewy tapioca balls, or "pearls," areconsumed along with the beverage through a wide straw. Bubble tea is especially popular in many East Asian and Southeast Asian regions such as Taiwan, Brunei, China(including Hong Kong and Macau), Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, South Korea,Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam and Australia.Bubble tea is a mixture of iced or hot sweetened tea, milk, and often other flavorings. Thedistinctive characteristics of bubble tea are the black gummy balls made of tapioca (or,more commonly in East Asia, yam starch), called "pearls" or "boba" or balls that sit at the bottom of the cup. The pearls are larger than those found in tapioca pudding, with adiameter...
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...credit that they did not previously have, and were not given the education that would teach them how to use it or how quickly it would change from a blessing to a burden. Advertising became huge during the consumerism period. It promised a better life and what that better life should look like. Some items made life easier, like cars, while some items were frivolous, like the phonograph. Credit became a way of life, instead of saving up for those luxury items, credit made getting them instantaneous. This has become the way of life for America and is the reason why we get in trouble over and over again. Stocks soared when the banks devised a way to make the stock market look safer than it actually was. Much like the recent housing bubble; stocks raised far above their actual value which lead to the ultimate stock market crash. Women finally won the right to vote in 1920 (Schultz, 2011). I believe that women in the western states earned the right to vote before the eastern and southern states for a couple of reasons. The first reason is because they were further removed from traditions. Traditions can be quite powerful, and society can make a person feel like they’re less than perfect if they do not follow social norms. Second, women in the west were known to be tougher because they had somewhat recently survived the trek west,...
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...Current Issues The American financial crisis of 2008 was often compared to the Great Depression because of the diversity of its economic casualties. Due to the interconnectedness of the modern global economy, what would have been a smaller regional slump in yesterday’s world, erupted into a behemoth that had far reaching ramifications for many of the world’s nations. As one of the chief exporters to the US and many of its trading partners, China was hit extra hard and was forced to reform the composition of its economy in order to cope with the dramatic drop in export demand which was slashed in half. To continue to maintain the momentum that they had, the Chinese government immediately put together a $600 billion stimulus package to stabilize the economy, a number that actually surmounted America’s effort relative to their respective GDPs. In addition to that and more significantly, the central bank ordered small regional banks to crank up lending in an effort to replace the lost export income with more investments on hard assets as alluded to earlier. They responded promptly having lent out $1.5 trillion in 2010 which totaled 30% of the nation’s GDP. The strategy worked spectacularly. Although China’s growth rate was hit, it still maintained a positive value that would make many nations jealous even during good times ending 2008, 2009, and 2010 with growth rates of 9.6%, 9.1%, and 10.3% respectively. While the rest of the world was still struggling to stabilize their...
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...How are mortgages secured? A debt instrument, secured by the collateral of specified real estate property, that the borrower is obliged to pay back with a predetermined set of payments. Mortgages are used by individuals and businesses to make large real estate purchases without paying the entire value of the purchase up front. Over a period of many years, the borrower repays the loan, plus interest, until he/she eventually owns the property free and clear. Mortgages are also known as "liens against property" or "claims on property." If the borrower stops paying the mortgage, the bank can foreclose Securitized Mortgage A mortgage that is packaged into a mortgage-backed security (MBS). One mortgage may be securitized over several MBSs, and each MBS contains many securitized mortgages. A securitized mortgage gives the holder of the security, rather than the bank originating theloan, the right a claim on the principal and interest payments on that mortgage. Mortgages are securitized to remove them from a bank'sbalance sheet (which reduces risk) and to improve its cash flow. Mortgage securitization plays a large role in the U.S. mortgage market. Mortgage securitization results in mortgage backed securities, which allow banks to sell their loans quickly while allowing investors to invest in the mortgage market. Investors should understand the source of any mortgage backed securities they might own, and homeowners should know where their mortgage payments go 2-What is speculation ...
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...Executive Summary Chatime is a Taiwanese franchise with over 800 retail outlets across countries like Taiwan, Malaysia, China, India, Macau, Vietnam, Singapore, Hong Kong, Thailand, Korea, Philippines, Indonesia, Australia, Dubai, Vietnam, Canada, UK and the United States. As a very famous drinks company, Chatime aims to change the tea culture in the country. The use of freshly brewed drinks was first introduced to Malaysians back in October 2010. Chatime Malaysia prepares only hand-made beverages with freshly brewed tea prepared on site. In order to satisfy all customers’ favourite drink, Chatime uses advanced tea and coffee machines to produce the highest quality drinks. This report was finished by three months. Various primary and secondary sources were used in the process. Business Description Chatime establish on October 2005 in Taiwan. On December 2007, Chatime build business relationship with Barbera Group and AJISEN RAMEN. The first Chatime in Malaysia opened on Oct 2010. Now, it has rapidly expanded to over 20 countries with more than 700 outlets worldwide. As the birthplace of pearl milk tea drinks, Taiwan is set to revolutionize the tea brewing industry by catching the attention of fashionable tea lovers in a modern way. Chatime is a very beautiful and clever brand, because it means ‘sun rise’ in Chinese. In addition, the word has a double meaning. The first one is team time, and the other meaning is a place to chat with friends. In order to change the tea culture...
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...2. SUMMARY The protective packaging market is becoming more competitive. Sealed Air company is encountering a growing number of competitors in its field. Similar or alternative systems are now proposed against those of Sealed Air. These new systems are often cheaper but as argued by Sealed Air less effective concerning the protection they offer and therefore less cost-effective. A new company (GAFCEL) has entered the market with an uncoated product and is having success on the New York, California and Ohio market. Sealed Air will face further erosion of its US market share. Based on the analysis of the AirCap® product as well as on the analysis of the market, we will answer questions regarding Sealed Air's reaction to its new competitor GAFCELL and the opportunity to introduce a new uncoated product in the market. We will make marketing recommendations on how to introduce this new product and in which geographical market to launch it in order to maintain Sealed Air as a leader of the protective packaging market. 3. QUESTIONS 3.1. What should Sealed Air be trying to accomplish in any decision it makes in response to the GAFCEL threat? * It should be trying to gain back the market share that was taken by GAFCEL and it should ensure it does not loose anymore market share. * It should ensure it keeps its reputation of a company built on 'technical accomplishments' and must ensure its image does not suffer from the possible introduction of this new...
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...complete solar heating systems for swimming pools, Sealed Air had become very profitable as the market leader, and the firm encouraged technological innovation to maintain that positioning. AirCap cushioning, a coated bubble wrap product sold in the protective packaging market, was Sealed Air’s most profitable product. However, due to new and unexpected competition, the company was forced to consider the prospect of manufacturing and distributing an uncoated bubble packaging product as well. In order to maintain its current level of profitability, Sealed Air must begin production of uncoated bubble wrap in the European market because of its large size and potentially high profit margins. These two enticements do not exist in the US uncoated bubble wrap market; therefore, Sealed Air should forego entering the US market with an uncoated bubble wrap product. Problem Statement With $25.35M in 1980 sales, Sealed Air’s AirCap product line revenue represented approximately 38% of total sales generated in the US. The key advantage of AirCap cushioning products was a coating on the inside of the bubble with saran that offered better protection than uncoated bubbles during shipping. Sealed Air had done a good job of educating customers about the advantages of coated bubbles and enjoyed a dominant market position in this industry. However, the recent successful market penetration of new...
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...After Economic Crisis Macroeconomics- In 2008, the economy began to decline and globally a financial crisis began. Here in the U.S., the housing market began to plummet, which created the Housing Bubble; also countries worldwide were trying everything to protect their assets. This Global Financial Crisis of 2008 has been compared to being worse than the Great Depression in the 1930s. The world’s economy has not been this unstable since then. The question is, what did we learn and what are we going to do differently to avoid this type global economic instability? In 2011, a group of economists met with the International Monetary Fund to discuss this very question. After reviewing the economists Robert Solow, Michael Spence and Joseph Stilglitz stating their views and opinions, I understand the situation better. I agree with some of the comments that these economists discussed. Ultimately, there is no quick fix for the global economy to grow and remain stable. However these economists mention some very great ideas and make a good point. Professor Solow discusses that it is not to increase the economy we need to increase the amount of qualified workers. He states that perhaps it is not enough just to look at the amount of education we are providing throughout the countries. Solow suggests that we should consider the content of the education as well. I agree with Professor Solow. It is not enough to teach everyone the same thing across the board...
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...1. Executive summary Bubble tea café will offer an alternative selection of drinking products, and it expects to catch the interest of a regular loyal customer base with its broad variety of bubble tea. 50Lan is a Taiwan company which is concentrate on offering high quality bubble tea to customers. This plan starts with the analysis of marketplace in the United Kingdom, and then move onto the available strategy of which 50Lan accesses Sheffield market by importing bubble tea form Taiwan. 2. Introduction Tea is one of the most popular drinks in the world and the most widely consumed beverage in the United Kingdom. The tea culture has been a tradition since 3,000 years ago, and then it has since evolved. Bubble tea originated in tea shops during the early 1980s, and some other names refer to bubble tea including pearl milk tea, boba drinks and zhen zhu nai cha. There is not a definitive history written on the topic of bubble tea but most would agree that Taiwan was indeed the birthplace of this innovative drink. It is a fusion drink that blends tea with fruit juice or milk. The drink's distinguishing ingredient, though, is the mushy pearl tapioca balls that float at the bottom. It comes in a variety of flavors and styles and can be served cold or hot. It is especially popular in China, Southeast Asia, and it had arrived in the United States, and since then its popularity with the American has been an overwhelming success (Bubble Tea). 50Lan Ltd. was funded in 1994...
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...Ghana How are Ghana doing econimcly Ghana is currently going through an economic boom; making Ghana one of the top–ten fastest growing economies’ in the world, and the fastest growing economy in Africa. Ghana has a population of 24.3 million, total GDP of 40.71 billion USD which saw a 7.9% growth. As Ghana saw an increase in GDP, it was good for the country because it meant more products were being made which meant more products are being sold. As the GDP increased so did inflation by 13.1%, this meant the price for goods increased which is good for business, because they gain more profit but bad for customers as they have to spend more on products. As Ghana increased in GDP and inflation, this meant investors had the upper hand in investing in business and seeing that business growth. When a boom occurs there is a cycle which I will explain. As a boom takes places GDP increase, this means more products are being made within that country. Let’s take car manufactures for example; they will be producing more cars because there is a higher demand for that product. As time goes on inflation will increase which means the prices of goods will increase so products will be more expensive now then it was before, manufactures are producing more products and gaining more profit due to inflation. This as a whole helps the economic, as the government will be taxing business and using the money to help that county. And business will be making more profit which will help them...
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