...Separatism is the advocacy of a state of cultural, ethnic, tribal, religious, racial, governmental or gender separation from the larger group, in which occurs in many society’s today and often results in issues and conflicts, in which are difficult to overcome. The reasons for separatism are often not simple and may not even benefit the separatists in the long term. The causes for separatism conflicts usually involves a nationalistic reason, when one community no longer wants to be controlled and governed by a different body but instead wants to govern itself. An example of this is the Basque area as well as Catalonia. As they had their own history and culture, the autonomy was split from Spain and they are now able to decide their own affairs. Catalonia has now been able to maintain their Catalan language which has been taught in all schools in the region since 1983 and has become the official language in education. This shows that separatism can be caused by differences in social aspects and that communities like to be recognised as their own state. The idea of separatism in many cases can also arise when there is a perception that exploitation of local resources by national government produces little economic gain for the region. This was the case in Scotland recently and was one of the main arguments for Scotland leaving the UK. Before its union with England, Scotland was a separate kingdom, with its own national church, separate education and legal systems and its own language...
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...February 2009 Managing Separatist Insurgencies Insights from Northeastern India Walter C. Ladwig III Predoctoral Fellow Miller Center of Public Affairs University of Virginia A paper prepared for International Studies Association Annual Conference 16-18 February 2009 New York ***Note: This paper is a provisional study of India’s attempts to manage separatist insurgency movements in the Northeast, consequently it provides only a preliminary analysis of the counterinsurgency campaigns in Mizoram and Nagaland.*** 1 From the time of its independence in 1947, India has been plagued by a host of separatist movements as the central government has struggled to integrate a number of religious, racial and ethnic groups into a single multicultural state. Impressively, despite facing a multitude of secessionist movements, India has yet to lose any of its territory. This paper examines the Indian government’s response to the outbreak of separatist violence in Nagaland and Mizoram in the state of Assam. Not only were these insurgencies the Republic of India’s first experience with the phenomenon of separatist insurgency, they were among the most severe. They required an untested government and military to adapt to a form of political warfare with which they had little experience. Through a process of trial and error, India developed an approach to political violence in the Northeast that would guide its response to future insurgencies. The Mizo case is also significant...
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...Q. The separatist movement in Quebec is still powerful and remains a threat to Canadian unity. The separatist movement in Quebec is still strong but with time, circumstances have changed. It is not the same Quebec we saw 50 years ago. We do see instances when Stephen Harper is shouted at during his speeches in Quebec City and couple of mini demonstrations for separating Quebec here and there but there needs to be a lot more resentment within the French Canadian community to go to polls once again and ask for their “sovernigty.” To talk about the present we need to start with the past when the separatist movement was strong, violence followed by referendums taking place. The actual time of crisis. The Quiet Revolution had started in Quebec in the 1960`s which showed agitation amongst the people of Quebec feeling that the Anglos were taking advantage of the Francophones and that the French Canadians were the downtrodden, marginalized and kept away from the opportunities that Canada could have provided for them. We saw instances such as when the President of the Canadian National Railways in the 1960`s said that there were not enough French-Canadians qualified to be employed in the senior management of the organization (BEHIELS). This enraged the Francophones in Quebec. They felt that the anglos were on purpose marginalizing them. By the mid-1960s a wide variety of proposals for restructuring, renewing and even dismantling the Canadian federal system were forthcoming...
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...Author William Bradford was a man who played several roles in colonial America: Pilgrim, governor, and historian. A native of Yorkshire, England, Bradford joined the Separatist movement while a teenager. After enduring religious persecution, he and other Pilgrims (a name Bradford gave his Separatist group) eventually immigrated to America on the Mayflower in 1620. As a leader of Plymouth Colony, Bradford served off and on as governor for thirty years. Bradford is best known for his two-book series Of Plymouth Plantation, written 1630-1650, documenting the early years of Plymouth Colony. Several poems and dialogues aimed at teaching younger generations characterized his later writing. Bradford’s writings are significant in American Literature...
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...To what extent did the black power movement hinder the success of the civil rights movement? The black power movement branched off from the civil rights movement; however it had a very different approach then the civil rights movement. The civil rights movement had a peaceful nonviolent approach to the improvement of the black condition in America, where as the black power movement believed in using militancy and self-defence if provoked. The black power movement can be seen as a failure and an obstruction to the civil rights movement however the black power movement also had its success. An example of the success are the impact black power had on troubled black youths of the ghetto and the impact it had on black culture whereas an example of its failures among many are the division of the civil rights movement the alienation of white liberals and the corruption within the black power itself. The most important reason why the Black Power Movement was a failure to a fairly large extent was because it divided up the Civil Rights Movement. The Civil Rights Movement had, by the time the BPM emerged, achieved quite a lot, it had managed to get the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965 passed. This proves that the movement had been successful and through the emergence of the Black Power Movement, members of the Civil Rights Movement got divided up over whether this was right or not. On the one hand, Martin Luther King, the head of SCLC one of the top organizations...
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...They wanted to create a church free from royal control and went to Holland to find religious freedom. Many traveled to what is now modern day Massachusetts in search of religious freedom. Quakers: What members of the Religious Society of Friends were called founded by William Penn. They believed everyone was equal including women, nonviolence, resistance to military service and that religious authority was found inside without use of a bible. Which is why they were so heavily persecuted in England and how they ended up in modern day Pennsylvania (Penn’s Woods). Pilgrims: Group of separatists that were seeking a haven the group set off to America in 1620 and for sixty-five days they sailed to Virginia. The Mayflower was blown off course and ended up in modern day Massachusetts where they founded their own colony known as The Plymouth Colony where they faced many hardships. They were helped heavily by the natives (Samoset) and were led William bradford. Headright System: A system used in Virginia to attract immigrants with land offers. For each immigrant who lived in Virginia would receive fifty acres.This only applies to immigrants who paid their way. Also if a plantation owner paid for an immigrants...
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...Liberty University The Contribution of Baptists in the Struggle for Religious Freedom A Research Paper Submitted to Dr. Jason J. Graffagnino in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for The Course CHHI 665 Liberty University Baptist Theological Seminary by Brian M. Hyde Lynchburg, Virginia Saturday, December 6, 2014 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 IN THE BEGINNING 2 THE STRUGGLE IN ENGLAND 4 THE STRUGGLE MOVES TO THE NEW WORLD 7 CONCLUSION 11 WORKING BIBLIOGRAPHY 14 INTRODUCTION In this nation, and in much of the Western world, the right of each individual to worship as his or her own conscience dictates, or not to worship at all, is one that is all too often taken for granted. Few consider the tremendous lengths gone to and the enormous price paid by so many to obtain and preserve this right. In the United States when one does reflect on this matter his or her thoughts rightfully focus on the many men and women of the armed forces who fought to gain and keep the freedoms the citizens of this nation enjoy. What is often overlooked is the contributions of Baptists in the centuries long struggle to obtain religious freedom. Their struggle began not in the American colonies but rather in England a century earlier. “The freedom of religious belief and behavior which modern Baptists and others take for granted was forged in the crucible of persecution in seventeenth-century England” McBeth adds that, “No group can claim more credit for the Act of Toleration, passed by Parliament...
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...May 12th, 2013 GEOPOLITICS OF SOUTH AND CENTRAL ASIA Borders in South and Central Asia INTRODUCTION While some seem to care above all about the economic growth of several booming economies (or as they are often called “emerging markets”, such as China, Russia or India), it is legitimate for others to worry more about the borders of some states in the very same region. A border is the very line separating two political or geographical areas, more commonly called countries. Whereas in some parts of the world, the borders between two countries are not even a marked and are seen as simple trade corridors, the issue is raised in a totally different way when it comes to both South and Central Asia. The question of borders presents a major problem for several countries, especially given all it symbolizes: the stability of a state and its legal territory, a politically controlled and delimited zone and a corridor between two nations. Were it after the end of the British Empire or that of the Soviet era, the borders keep being a matter of dispute and the cause of severe contentiousness in South and Central Asia nowadays. Drug trafficking and the circulation of energy are not the only problems. The border disputes mostly jeopardize the transnational security and the ethnical conflicts at stake. A territorial dispute is a disagreement over the possession or control of land between two or more states, or over the possession and control of land by a new state that is...
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...Write an analysis of causes of Africa internal conflicts (1000 word) INTRODUCTION Conflict usually occurs primarily as a result of a clash of interests in the relationship between parties, groups or states, either because they pursuing opposing or incompatible goals. Although the term war is sometimes used as a synonym for conflict, it is more usual to restrict the meaning of war to violent conflict, involving armed forces. But like war, conflict is and has been throughout history a normal way of conducting disputes between political groups within human society. As David Weeks puts it, “conflict is an inevitable outcome of human diversity and a world without conflict is not desirable, because it would mean a world without diversity.” Africa is a diverse continent – diverse in ethnic, religious and socio-cultural terms. The 1990s saw no diminution in the number of conflicts in Africa, and most forecasts predicted further increase. While Africa has had its share of inter-state wars, the majority of its conflicts were internal, and these internal conflicts appear to be increasing, as elsewhere. A tragic factor in this is that the civilian populations bear the brunt of the casualties in such conflicts, estimated at some 80-90 per cent of total casualties across the world. These conflicts cause not only casualties and refugees but contribute vastly to the spread of disease, malnutrition and starvation, social and economic decline and moral deterioration. AFRICAN CONFLICTS AND...
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...each other. Turkey’s exports and imports are mostly with Europe. In 2007, 56.4% of Turkish exports were to the EU, and 40.8% of their imports were from the EU. (Euro Comm)Once admitted as a full member of the European Union, the trade market will only grow. As a member of the European Union, Turkey’s economy will continue to grow. As of now, Turkey is able to export and import goods to and from Europe, but does not export many services. As of 2006, 63.5% of Turkey’s GDP came from services rather than agriculture and industry. (Euro Comm) When the EU admits turkey as a member, Turks will be able to freely cross the borders and provide service across Europe. With the influx of service workers into Europe, turkey and the Europeans will benefit. European countries will be able to receive services at low costs, and the Turkish economy will not be flooded with service workers. With the exportation of good and services, opposed to only goods, the Turkish GDP will grow, and enable the country to expand their agricultural and industrial programs. European companies themselves have their own relations with turkey. FIAT,...
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...Members of such groups are persuaded that the womenfolk ought to have same opportunities in employment and education as their male counterparts. The study of the roles of women in society and space women have generally occupied in society is known as feminist theory. This theory has its roots in the Feminist movements. There are various forms of feminism depending on the functions and its attempt to explain the nature of the relationships between the men and women. Such include Liberal Feminism, Radical Feminism, Marxist and Socialist Feminism, Eco-Feminism, Cultural Feminism (Hannam p589). Liberal feminism is a type of feminism that operates or is actively undertaken in any conventional society so as to incorporate women into the structure of that society. It started after the American Revolution and was pioneered by Mary Wollstonecraft and Abigail Adams with its main focus being to campaign for equality for women (Fisanick p757).Radical Feminism is that type of feminism that is attributed with having given rise to many of the other form of feminism. These radicals as they came to be known started this pressure group in the year 1967-1968 after the civil rights and peace movements ended. They didn’t just desire to achieve social change at a local level but in revolutionary proportions. This association held female oppression and inequality as the highest form of subjugation one that affected all races, cultures, economic class and nations (Hannam p512).Marxist or Socialist Feminism...
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...University of Kassel Governance of the World Market: Institutions, Instruments and Experiences (MCC III) Prof. Christoph Scherrer Winter Semester 2015/2016 The Analytical difference in Conceptualising the Russia-Ukraine Conflict in Realist and Materialist Terms Kofi Adu Frimpong Kholmati Kholik Global Political Economy Global Political Economy 33423968 33420343 kadfrimpong@yahoo.com kkholik@gmail.com 15/03/2016 Abstract The so called Euromaidan revolution – Ukraine’s struggle to move one step further to closer ties with Europe by liberating itself from the Russian orbit, have created the Russia-Ukraine Crisis. It has re-established and heightened the tensions between Russia and West. Realism has been on the fore front of the academic discussion in explaining the crisis as the power competition between Russia and the West. Alternatively, Materialism has provided a different yet deeper analytical perspective on the conflict by attributing it to the broadening of the transnational class capitalism. This paper will seek to explain and scrutinize the analytical differences in conceptualizing this crisis in Realist and Materialist terms. Keywords: Ukraine crisis, Realism, Security, Materialism, Lockean heartland, Contender states Table of Contents 1 Introduction 4 2 Theoretical framework 5 2.1 Theoretical underpinnings of the Realist school of thought 5 2.2 Theoretical underpinnings of Materialism: Amsterdam School Approach 7 2...
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...Home Discover History Articles Notable Mayflower Descendants Pilgrim Biographies Commemorations Pilgrim Memorials Around the World The Society How to Join Society Information SMDPA News Newsletter JR PA Mayflower Newsletter For Teachers & Students Links Contact Membership Info Apply Now Eligibility & How To Join Proving Your Lineage Passenger List About the SMDPA Donate Contact Us Discover History Articles Comparing Plymouth and Jamestown Comparing Plymouth and Jamestown Written by Robert Jennings Heinsohn 1. Introduction Pilgrim families arrived in Holland in the spring of 1608 and in Plymouth in December 1620. In May 1607, 105 men arrived in Jamestown to establish the first permanent English settlement in North America. While the individuals in both settlements were English, the they were different in many important ways. To fully appreciate our Pilgrim heritage, it is important to understand the differences between Plymouth and Jamestown. This essay identifies major differences and explains how these differences affected the settlements during the first few decades of their arrival. 2. Royal Charters and Patents Sir Humphrey Gilbert c. 1539-1583 Early Efforts to Colonize North America Queen Elizabeth granted a patent (Royal Charter) to Sir Humphrey Gilbert (half brother of Sir Walter Ralegh) who led an expedition to Newfoundland in 1583 and claimed it for England. For the next thirty years he tried, but without success,...
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...www.thevision21.org BALOCHISTAN Problems and Solutions Vision 21 is a Pakistan based Non‐Profit, Non‐Party Socio‐Political organisation. We work through research and advocacy for developing and improving Human Capital, by focusing on Poverty and Misery Alleviation, Rights Awareness, Human Dignity, Women empowerment and Justice as a right and obligation. Vision21 is a registered Non‐Profit organization under section 42 of Companies Ordinance 1982 Any part of this publication can be used or cited with clear reference to Vision21 By Vision21 Foundation Website: http://www.thevision21.org/ Blog: http://awaam.wordpress.com g p p Phone: 92‐51‐250 5030 Fax: 92‐51‐550 1288 Email: info@thevision21.org BALOCHISTAN PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS CONTENTS Preface • Introduction • British Era and Sandeman System • Since 1947 Since 1947 • Reasons for the conflict • Provincial Autonomy & Ethnic Culture • Resource Exploitation • Deprivation and Lack of Development lag • Government’s Neglect Government s Neglect • Role of Sardars • Religious Extremism • External Factors and Geo Politics • History of the conflicts • The Current Insurgency and Baloch Nationalism The Current Insurgency and Baloch • Insurgency and ‘Geo‐Politics of Energy Resources’ • Insurgent Groups in Balochistan • Settlers issue & current situation in Balochistan • Pakhtun Factor • Liberation and Viability: Is independent Balochistan viable? y p • Possible consequences for independent Balochistan and divided ...
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...Nungaray How can religion help when a person feels that there is nothing else that you can change in this life? As individuals born into this world, we grow up for the sole purpose of becoming someone inx life, whether it is for a good or bad cause. I suppose most parents aim to educate their children to be someone good, productive and superb beings. As individuals, we are the major composition in the formation of a society. Seeking religious truth has been a channel through which I try to achieve a better purpose in life. Through learning, teaching and joining the Seventh Day Adventist church and the vegetarianism communities, I gain a moral sense, a peacefulness of mind and a healthier life style. In 2007, when I arrived to the United States of America, my life was without purpose or goals. I had to face the loneliness and the sorrow, because I left part of my family, friends and the one that I love. Once I arrived, Hector my new co-worker and friend, was the one that introduced me to a world with religion. On Christmas Eve of 2008, he gave me my very first Bible. When he placed the Bible in my hands, he said: “This is just a book, filled with paper and letters for some people, but as you begin to believe it will be soon become a treasure.” He wrote for me a sentence, that to this day I still have it in my head. “This is the light that will guide you to happiness, you just need to believe”. A single individual in society especially in this country, welcomes...
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