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Bioengineering

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Submitted By j1946mbu
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Bioengineering
Joseph Merritt
Instructor Mr. Ott
Capella University
June 20, 2016

After conducting my research on Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO), I came across Papayas which is a fruit grown in many tropical countries however, papaya cultivation is being threatened by Papaya Ringspot-Virus, a disease that is sharply lowering yields. In the late 1980s, the University of Hawaii began developing a papaya cultivar resistant to Papaya Ringspot Virus. To do this, certain viral genes encoding capsid proteins were transferred to the papaya genome.
These viral capsid proteins elicit something similar to an "immune response" from the papaya plant. These new, genetically modified papaya plants are no longer susceptible to infection; allowing farmers to cultivate the fruit even when the virus is widespread.Independent laboratory testing results released today reveal widespread contamination from the world's first commercially planted genetically engineered tree, the papaya, on Oahu, the Big Island, and Kauai. Contamination was also found in the stock of non-genetically engineered seeds being sold commercially by the University of Hawaii.
The first virus resistant papayas were commercially grown in Hawaii in 1999. Transgenic papayas now cover about one thousand hectares, or three quarters of the total Hawaiian papaya crop.Genetically modified papayas are approved for consumption both in the US and in Canada. Several Asian countries are currently developing transgenic papaya varieties resistant to local viral strains.
At this point, GM papayas are not approved in the EU. Until now, no application for approval has been submitted. Therefore, importing and marketing genetically modified papayas is not permitted in the EU.
All samples were tested by Genetic ID, one of the world's leading scientific laboratories for genetic contamination testing. Composite samples

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