...Antony Manavalan Mrs. Palmer AP European History August 14, 2024 Chapter 11: Essay Response Chapter 11: Review of the Middle Ages Q: Analyze the social and cultural effects of the “terrible” 14th century on Europe, especially those initiated by the Black Death. In the aftermath of the stable High Middle Ages, the 14th century was plagued by several events that changed the course of history significantly. Considering the widespread destruction and terror it brought as it swept across Europe and Asia, the deadly plague, the Black Death, was the most impactful of these events. Caused by the bacteria, Yesteria pestis, the plague was unleashed through crucial trade routes, including the famous Silk Road. The next major twist in European history came in the form of the Hundred Years’ War. This...
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...Ring around the Rosy During the 14th century our world experienced one of the most lethal pandemics in the history of the human existence. In the span of just five short years the Bubonic Plague managed to kill nearly one-third of Europe’s population, leaving very little answers and unclear causes to such a horrendous and aggressive plague. The most common result of the Bubonic Plague was death, killing more than eighty percent of infected individuals (Benedictow 2005). Living in a time with very little medical experience and scientific understanding, the Bubonic Plague and the middle 14th century was a recipe for disaster. The Bubonic Plague; now known to be caused by Yersinia pestis of the Bacillus species, was a devastating plague in the 14th century. The concept of a pneumatically- transmitted bacteria seemed to baffle the minds of the medieval people, leaving victims to question God and their own sanity. In untreated circumstances, the mortality rate of the Bubonic plague is more than of 50%, while in treated cases the mortality rate is under 15% (The Plague 2014). Since the lack of medical knowledge in this time, typically medical treatment could make the patient more susceptible to infection and even more susceptible to the Bubonic Plague’s more...
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...Ashleigh Hamilton The Black Death A catastrophic event that changed the way medical science would function thereafter was the Black Death or the Bubonic Plague that hit Asia and Europe back in the 14th Century. At the Sicilian Port of Messina, back in 1350, a ship arrived after going through a tedious journey in the Black Sea. The ship brought with it some dead and some ailing sailors, inflicted by a strange disease that had caused black boils on their skins which were pus filled and oozed blood out, giving the mysterious illness the name of the Black Death. Spread by a germ called YersinaPestis, the Black Death was a disease that spread from one person to another through the air, through water droplets or moisture or by the bite and infestation of rodents such as rats. Rats were thought to be the main carriers of the disease as they had travelled by ship and had supposedly contaminated the food the sailors had on the ship,or they suffered from rat bites. The disease was spread in Europe shortly after it hit the coasts of Messina, making its way through Italy, France as these pests were commonly found there. By the mid of the 14th century, the Black Death was rampant in Paris, London and other adjoining parts of the country. The biggest crisis of the time was the lack of knowledge and understanding about how the disease got transmitted from one person to another. Moreover, there was no idea in Europe about how the disease could be cured or prevented, and there...
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...September 30, 2012 The Disastrous 14th Century He Disastrous 14th century There are many factors that affected the state of 14th century Europe Ironically some of the same reasons that ultimately contributed to the down fall were the reason that Europe was so prosperous in the 12th and 13th century. Increased sanitary conditions which contributed to increase health, more people survived and lived longer; thus creating many cities and towns that were over populated. Europe also had a very bustling trade route that began getting out of control and becoming very dangerous. Also, with the Pope relocating to France the church had lost it’s tax revenue, The church began charging there members fees for services which led the mebers to lose respect for the clergy and began seeing them as materialistic and greedy. Death and decay were all around with Europe on slot of the Bubonic Plague All these issues created an Economic and emotional state that at that time contributed to Europe’s downturn. As the 14th century progressed the state of Europe ripe for crisis was affected even more by the plague. As people began dying it also began to show how ineffective churches role in handling the people grief in the time of such devastation. These turned out to be 3 major factors that contributed to the Disastrous state of the 14th century. The Black Death or the Bubonic plague started in China during the 14th Century. China being one of the busiest trading Ports...
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...Back in the 14th century many plagues have long before spread through Europe and were very drastic, but all of those plagues combined was even more fatal and horrendous, this mix was known as the Black Death. The year 1346 was the start of this horrible disease, but how did this all start and what really happened to many Europeans during that time? The plague spread from Cairo to Paris, little was known about medicine and treatments for it. Since at the time, it seemed untreatable it spread like a wild fire. The cause of this was found in a bacterial strain that was found on stomach of fleas, which contributed the disease to rodents, especially the black rat. The flies go from host to host when the host dies, thus was making it possible for...
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...well as swollen and painful lymph nodes, these swollen and painful lymph nodes tend to occur in areas closest to where the bacteria was able to break into the skin. Certain mass trade routes such as the Silk Road, which millions of people crossed that were from different places carrying different bacterias, helped lead to the quick and deadly spread of the Black Death. The Silk Road came to be because silk at that time was very valuable because of its multiple purposes, thus allowing to become a very valuable trading item. Traders during this time period were able to make fortunes carrying silk from the east to the western parts of the Silk Road. Because of this consistent trading for silk that occurred on this trade route its name eventually became the Silk Road, even though many other valuable trading goods were also carried along this route. The Silk Road because of how consistent the...
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...THE BLACK DEATH The Black Death was a devastating plague that killed millions of people. The Black Death was a terrible disease that struck multiple places in three waves. The plague decreased the world population from an estimated amount of 450 million to 350–375 million in the 14th centuries. The Black Death killed so many people it changed history itself. The middle ages people called the disaster of the 14th century either the "Great Pestilence Plague"' or the "Great Pestilence ". But writers referred to the plague the "Great Mortality". Swedish and Danish people described the plague as “Black” for the first time late on, because the victim’s skin will turn Black. Commonly and from its effects, finally, they called it the Black Death because it killed many people. The name spread through Scandinavia first, and then through Germany. In England, the name was not known until 1823, which was when the medieval epidemic was first called the Black Death....
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...The Black Death is a form of bubonic plague that spread over Europe in the 14th century and killed an estimated quarter of the population (Black Death). This form of bubonic plague was very dangerous to the people in that specific time period. Bubonic plague is classified as a serious, sometimes fatal, infection with the bacterial toxin Yersinia pestis, transmitted by fleas from infected rodents (Bubonic Plague). Early in the 1340s, the disease had struck China, India, Persia, Syria and Egypt (History). China, India, and etc. were very crucial trading locations for Eastern Europe in the 1300s. Since the disease is carried by rodents, it is said that the disease got to Europe from the rodents that boarded the ships headed from Asia. The rodents had fleas which, in the ultimate ending, infected the humans. If the victim was not bitten by a flea, another way to obtain the disease was by being sneezed or coughed on by someone who was already infected. Plague causes fever and a painful swelling of the lymph glands called buboes, which is how it gets its name. The bubo would become inflamed and would at first be a deep red in color, but as...
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...its knees in the 6th century. This is the first ever documented record of bubonic plague in human history. But the fact that bubonic plague continues to afflict human population even today is a matter of concern. Your bubonic plague research paper would revolve around the premise of it being a deadly disease, but we assure you that we won’t scare you by the facts. Bubonic plague is typically differentiated from other infections because of its roots in the bacteria, Yersinia pestis or Pastuerella pestis. The bacteria typically infects the spleen, lungs, kidneys and brain. It is spread by virtue of rats and fleas. The staff at ProfEssays.com could as Help with Bubonic Plague Research Paperwell spell out some of its symptoms as shivering chills staggering gait stuttered speech memory loss weakness The early symptoms lead to graver consequences, and the ultimate zenith is reached when the patient ultimately breaths his last. Several deaths were caused by bubonic plague in the 14th century when medical science wasn’t developed as it is today. A nursing and healthcare term paper could focus on the facilities provided to modern healthcare officials that were not available in the 14th century. It killed almost 30 per cent of the contemporary European population. Infection is spread through fleas and rodents. It is a common occurrence to have rodents whenever there are earthquakes or other such calamities. The disease was known as the Black Death. A death essay customised to...
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...Through following the life of a male member of the 2nd Estate, Enguerrand de Coucy VII (1340-1397), Tuchman first seeks to find the effects on society due to the Black Death, but expands her understanding to other plagues and perils post-Black Death (xiii). The 600-plus page text does so much more than just merely show the effects of the Black Death on European society, it demonstrates the effects of the Crusades, and provides insight into the lifestyle of a typical noble of the 14th century. Tuchman realizes the shortcomings about writing an intimate piece from the Middle Ages and owns up to them early on by addressing how the narrative can be “hard to read,” and there are always “conflicting facts (xvi-xvii).” With a text this size, there are a going to be multiple themes. One of the most apparent themes is loyalty. Enguerrand becomes a man of two nations: England and France. Born in France, Enguerrand becomes an English Hostage in 1389, and through this imprisonment (if it can really be referred to as such), Enguerrand becomes the son-in-law to the King of England (185, 192). In order to keep his loyalty to both nations, Enguerrand, decides to fight for the Pope in Italy, rather than sacrifice his neutrality (248). His loyalty is rewarded by both nations. When he finally chooses to side with France, his loyalty is rewarded...
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...The “Black Death” and the “Great Pox”: the Medieval Understanding of Diseases The Europeanhistory knows several examples of huge, devastating pandemics, like the Great Death (plague) or the Great Pox (syphilis). Both scientists and ordinary people often could not understand the cause of the disease or methods of infection because of the science’s development level. They tried to explain the situation with the aid of available knowledge. These approaches sometimes led to treatments that promoted the spreading of the infection rather than stopping it. The Black Death is a significant example of such misunderstanding. In the 14th century, when the plague came to the Europe, Catholic and Christian priests stated the disease was sent by the God...
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...Bubonic Plague Article Joanna Hull HCS/245 August 7, 2012 Lavinia Goto Bubonic Plague In the mid-14th century in Europe, there was a deadly disease that spread like wild fire killing millions of people who came in contact with it. The disease is called the bubonic plague also known as the Black Death and it affects the lymphatic system causing your lymph nodes to swell. People do not usually spread bubonic plague from person to person. Small rodents, such as rat, mice, and squirrels, carry the infection. Fleas that live on these animals act as “vectors” and carry the infection from the rodent to humans (“Bubonic Plague,”2010). It is said to have originated from China and later spread to Europe and then Russia killing millions. This happened over thousands of years ago, but still happens today worldwide just not as bad as it was in the 14th century. According to the World Health Organization, there are 1,000 to 3,000 cases of bubonic plague worldwide each year. A man from Oregon was very unfortunate to have come in contact with this infection and this is his terrifying story about him fighting for survival. Paul Gaylord, 59, was in his home in Prineville, Oregon enjoying a beautiful summer day when he saw that his cat had a rodent in its mouth. Paul tried to grab the rodent out of his cat’s mouth and while trying to do this; his cat scratched and bit him in the process. Paul went to his doctor to get some antibiotics to prevent him...
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...The Allegory of Good Government by Ambrogio Lorenzetti is one of the very few secular pieces of artwork from the 14th century Italy. It’s secular nature makes for a compelling analysis alone; however, it also reveals great political, cultural and social progressions of 14th century Siena. I argue that Lorenzetti’s Allegory of Good Government was a profound, and perhaps even revolutionary, piece considering the time and the subject matter of his fresco. I will begin by providing a detailed description and analysis of the fresco in its entirety and an examination of Ambrogio’s artistic style used in the fresco. The Allegory of Good Government is located in Palazzo Pubblica in Siena and is one piece of a series frescoes depicting the good and bad government in the city and country of Siena. The foreground of the painting depicts the citizens of Siena and above them on a stage you can see figures that each represent aspects of good government. This fresco in particular is strategically placed on the wall that catches the most light in the Palazzo Pubblica personifying the concept of good government. It consists of three panels depicting modern Siena under good government in both urban and rural settings. I will elaborate on specific characters in the painting, as well as heavy symbolism that reflect justice, power, wisdom and features of good government. Ambrogio employs a very naturalistic style to his work. The Allegory of Good Government is obviously set in Ambrogio’s modern...
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...9/13/09 AP Assignment Number 2 3) The arrival of the Fourteenth Century brought tremendous and nearly inconceivable plague and famine. A gradual change in weather resulted in poor agricultural production, whose ultimate consequence was inadequate amounts of food for the people. Additionally, at this time in European history (late 13th, early 14th century) there had been a spike in population, so much so that Europe could not approach meeting people’s needs. Many people of this time moved from rural areas to urban cities in search of economic opportunity. Unfortunately, even in the cities economic opportunity was scarce and elusive resulting in vast penury. While many effects existed as a result of the famine, perhaps most paramount amongst them was plague. As previously mentioned, agricultural production was at record lows, and often, food scarcity is followed by malnutrition, which is then followed by disease. The Black Death as it would later be called, spread like wildfire throughout Europe sparing no one in its rancorous path. People, based on innate exigency, needed to find the source of the plague. Some groups such as the flagellant people believed G-d had sent the plague to condemn people’s sins, others who did not accept this approach needed a scapegoat. Their scapegoat was the ever so convenient Jews. During this time period economic uncertainty and social discontent was common. Labor shortages and limited demand for goods contributed to a declining economy, while...
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...| | | In the early fourteenth century, the Catholic church | | | | | Correct Answer: | was moved to Avignon. | | | | | * Question 3 0 out of 1 points | | | Which of the following was not a fourteenth century explanation of the causes for the Black Death? | | | | | Correct Answer: | Practice of flagellation | | | | | * Question 4 1 out of 1 points | | | In the Byzantine Empire, Latin language remained the major language as the use of Greek was narrowly restricted to monasteries. | | | | | Correct Answer: | False | | | | | * Question 5 1 out of 1 points | | | In the eleventh century, the Byzantine emperor, Basil II, blinded fourteen thousand soldiers of the | | | | | Correct Answer: | Bulgars. | | | | | * Question 6 1 out of 1 points | | | The Byzantine Empire attained its greatest economic prosperity during the period of the Macedonian emperors. | | | | | Correct Answer: | True | | | | | * Question 7 1 out of 1 points | | | In the aftermath of the Fourth Crusade, the major state of the former Byzantine Empire was the | | | | | Correct Answer: | Latin Empire of Constantinople. | | | | | * Question 8 1 out of 1 points | | | The Italian Renaissance was | | | | | Correct Answer: | a, b and c | | | | | * Question 9 1 out of 1 points | | | The ideal of early fifteenth century Humanists was to | | | | |...
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