...Fifteen years ago, if you believed that injuries to the brain recuperate similarly to other typical injuries, no one would question you. Today, if you believed that your brain had the ability to fully recover from a concussion, you would be in the vast majority of individuals uneducated on this topic. However, in more recent years, researchers have found that the structure and the way the brain functions can be permanently affected by a traumatic brain injury. Although the brain's ability to repair itself through brain plasticity compensates for the minor damages, more severe damages are not as simple, and are often unable to return to the previous uninjured state. Significant collisions can result in chronic traumatic encephalopathy, in addition...
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...My Political Views There were many issues that we encounter as we walk through the journey of our everyday life. When things go bad, we may feel fear, anger or sadness. When things go right, we may feel happiness, trust and love. These are some of the emotions that we feel in every situation that we come across. Did you observed anything in your community? Or around the area you visited? Did you ever think with yourself why this or that things happen? What are the solutions that we might do for this kind of issue? Or think on how do we avoid that such thing which contributes terrible effect in our country? Try to read this essay and recognize some of the issues that you may not be observed in your community. I am a second year student in college of business and accountancy. My mother is a vendor in a sari-sari store while my father is a vulcanizer. And despite of the poverty, I am very blessed that I did not stop and continue right now in studying. The reason why I say that I am blessed, because I observed in our own community that there were many children who are not enrolled in school, even in public schools only. The main cause that I’ve think why this things happen is because they are not interested in studying, their parents did not allow them to go-off for school or they have medical problems. They are not interested: because if their interest is on studying they will find a way on how they can enroll in school. They can work in some stores in the market while studying...
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...Traumatic head Injury is the most common cause of death and disability in the UK (National Institute of Clinical Excellence (NICE), 2014) and is the world’s leading cause of morbidity and mortality of those under the age of 45 (Wilson, 2011). A head injury has an impact in epidemiological and economic terms as well as loss in quality of life (Mar et al. 2011). Approximately 700,000 people per year in England and Wales attend an emergency department for head injury, with almost half being the result of falls (NICE, 2007 & Clinical Knowledge Summary, 2009). The vast majority of patients (90%) will have minor head injuries (Vos et al. 2012) and be discharged, however many patients will need to be admitted for definitive care and treatment. The most common cause of head injury is from falls, assaults and road traffic accidents (Department of Health, 2001 & NICE, 2007) with 70-88% of those head injuries occurring in the male population (Dolan & Holt, 2013). This essay aims to explore the physiological and psychosocial impact of sustaining a head injury. This will include normal physiology of the brain, along with the altered physiology and signs and symptoms as a result of the injury. Advanced interpersonal skills required by the nurse to care for the patient or their family will also be examined. To achieve this, the author will analyse and evaluate types of head injury and their classification, whilst also considering the social and psychological consequences...
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...Argument Essay Name:Nicholas Schiff Date:1-14-16 Period:Two, E.L.A Strasser NFL Pad Requirement The NFL needs to increase the padding worn by the players on their upper bodies and heads. More padding, will prevent injuries among players. Next more padding in helmets, will decrease the amount of concussions and brain damage. Thirdly more padding in the chest, ribs, and abdominal area, will allow team players with and without preexisting medical conditions to play contact sports more safely. Padding would increase the weight on a player-it could be 10-20 pounds more of material, and could make it more difficult to play, but if you’re hurt, you can’t play at all. Also, if all players are made to wear the same padding, no one would be at a disadvantage....
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...Biopyschologists believe that every mental event involves a brain event. Many people have experienced severe injuries and trauma to their brains in their lives. However after undergoing exercises, surgery or therapy it is able to help them repair their brains as well as change their minds and literally change their brains. The process whereby their brains change in response to experience is called neuroplasticity. There are various forms of neuroplasticity such as homologous area adaptation, map expansion, cross-modal reassignment and compensatory masquerade which occur through diverse forms of therapeutic rehabilitation and treatment. Many processes are involved in brain recovery, after an injury or trauma. Neural networks and how they trigger an action potential, neuroplasticity, learning experience and therapy in patient recovery or remission are very important in brain recovery. In this essay, case studies that underwent neuroplasticity due to brain damage will be shown as well as how the treatment they underwent both psychologically and physically ‘changed their brain’. In computer science and associated fields, artificial neural networks are computational models motivated by an animal's central nervous system (in particular the brain) which is competent of machine learning as well as pattern recognition. Artificial neural networks are usually conferred as systems of interconnected "neurons" which can calculate values from inputs (Elsevier, 1988). An action potential is...
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...known for its aggressive nature and the minors who are exposed to this sport can face serious complications with their health. Due to the mental and physical impact this sport can have on their health. This essay will discourse why adolescents should not be permitted to play tackle football. According to NETBURN, minors who play tackle football appear to be more slow-witted than those who are a tad older. “NFL players who started playing tackle football before age 12 performed an average of 20 percent worse on a serious of cognitive test than those who started playing tackle football after they celebrated their 12th birthdays”. These children are slacking majorly when it comes to processing things through...
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...seperate genetic influence from environmental influence It's reductionistic Can't explain altruism well Historical Context The biological perspective was created as a reaction to the theory of dualism, that the mind and the brain are two seperate entities. Some important researchers in the development of the biological perspective are: Plato-nativism Darwin- Outlined evolution and the idea of nativism and heredity Jean Baptiste Lamarck-studied heredity Phineas Gage- Brain injury has the ability to affect behaviour II. Key Concepts Heredity- influence of genes Nativism- certain traits are inately hardwired at birth Evolution Hemisphere specialization Neurotransmission Localization Evolution Selye’s General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS = Alarm, Resistance, Exhaustion) Biological preparedness Basic Assumptions There are four main basic assumptions of the biological perspective: Behavior is biologically determined Behavior has a genetic basis Localization of function Animals may be used to help understand human behavior Which basic assumption would be the easiest to write an essay about? -Behavior is biologically determined Research to use in supporting this assumption: Phineas Gage- After a physiological injury to the frontal lobe, Gage experienced a significant personality change and became more vulgar, impatient, and obstinate. Methods of Investigation The main...
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...their breath. Everyone except the player who is about to catch the ball sees what is going to happen. Then just like that it happens, the loud collision of two bodies slamming into each other, helmet to helmet. The player who just tried to catch the ball drops it on impact and now lays motionless on the field. He gets up with help and walks slowly off to his sideline. This athlete has just suffered what professionals in the medical field call a concussion. This article will be taking a deeper look into what happens to a players brain during a concussion, signs of a concussion, and what rising athletes can do to prevent these concussions. Concussions have been an ongoing controversy as of late in the world of sports and it comes with good reason. Though concussions are most prevalent in football, they are common across the entire sports spectrum. A concussion occurs when the head is hit directly or indirectly, causing a chemical disturbance within the brain that can have immediate consequences. An estimated 1.6 to 3.8 million concussions occur each year (CDC 2012). The numbers will always be very broad when it comes to concussions because so many athletes refuse to take themselves out of their games and a majority of the time they neglect to report any concussion symptoms to a trainer or coach. Lets take a look at some of the factors that contribute to athletes neglecting their concussions. A university study by Arkansas that included over 130 athletes showed that athletes are...
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...This essay will argue that sports teams from high school to the NFL need to focus more on the dangers of concussion sin football. In sports everyone who commits to playing for an organized team knows that there is a large risk involved by the time you are stepping onto the field, Court or Ice Rink. One of the most common sports that athletes are being injured in is the sport of football. Every one knows the dangers of the the full contact sport because it is so widely commercialized in for all ages. From High School all the way to the NFL football is a big deal but what about the injury's that come along with playing this violent game. Concussions are one of the most common injures that occur out of the football field and it has...
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...Phineas Gage, who was severely injured on the job. In this essay, the author will discuss the details of the accident and what it revealed about how the different areas of the human brain support cognitive function. I will also discuss the characteristics of primary memory, the process of memory from perception and retrieval and the unreliability of memory retrieval. Phineas Gage Phineas gage is known as one of the most famous documented cases of brain injury. This brain injury occurred on September 13th, 1848 while Gage was working on the railroad excavating rocks with a tampering rod in the State of Vermont. An explosion occurred on the job-site that caused a tampering rod propelled at an extremely high speed to enter and penetrate Gage’s skull. This tampering rod entered his skull under his left cheek bone and exited through the top of his head; it was later recovered with bits of brain matter and blood on it. The amazing thing is that throughout this horrific accident, Mr. Gage never lost consciousness, in fact, by January of the following year; he had started to live a normal life. However, it was noted that around this time, Mr. Gage was considered to be suffering from some major changes in his personality. What Phineas Gage’s Accident Reveals about Cognitive Functions “Cognition refers to the higher order functions that are needed for learning and interacting with a person's environment. Each human brain is capable of multiple cognitive functions, such as memory...
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...event that one may watch, the threat of serious injury or even death is a very real possibility. Obviously, the object of the game is not to murder the opponent, but to those such as Welsh boxer Johnny Owen, this tragedy has happened. To the spectator, witnessing a sprained ankle or broken hand is part of the game; life changing injuries or death are not. The crowd wants to be entertained and hard hits and knockdowns provide that thrill. Severe injuries should never be applauded, but they can be at times when the crowd becomes too rambunctious. Spectators fail to realize that these athletes are not robots or super-humans, but human beings. As a society, we must acknowledge where to draw the line in regards to advocating violence in sports, and possess the self-control and discipline to discern excitement and inappropriateness. In recent years, physical injury caused by contact sports has been shed in a light portraying such sports as potentially life-shortening or brain damaging. The NFL Players Association has filed lawsuits against the NFL for not properly addressing head injuries in the past or warning about brain issues the sport may cause. Even though these suits brought attention to the possible brain damage one may face, it falls way short of actually dealing with players who have such injuries. In Hugh McIlvanney’s essay, he even argues that we haven’t the slightest clue about the extent to which the brain cells of...
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...Understanding the Gift of Consciousness 2008 Timothy Lynch COMP 111 5/14/2008 The brain is the most complex and most fundamental of all the human organs. It is the essence of life. It is the vehicle through which man perceives reality, experiences, interprets his body’s sensory information, and coordinates all communication through billions of neural connections to various organs and systems, regulating and maintaining homeostasis (processes for maintaining internal stability). One’s experiences of life, their acquired skills, and the lessons learned are contained within a brain’s wrinkled, corrugated, and almost alien structures as memories. Two main categories of memory exist independently and simultaneously, short-term and long-term. Short-term, also known as working memory, is the mind’s way of temporarily storing any relevant information and task-specific data. There are at least two varieties of Short-term memory. One of the memory types is called by the name ‘phonological loop.’ This is how your brain stores linguistically encoded information for short periods of time (only seconds). The other is the visuospatial sketchpad, the mind’s way of maintaining, its visuospatial relationship(s) for the same short time as the phonological loop.(Foster, 972). The alternative memory format is Long-term or, declarative memory. The three inherent and pre-determined protocols the brain uses to remain functioning to translate a person’s experiences as this type of memory...
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...Essay – League of Denial 1) Assume you have a friend who is an avid fan of North American football. What would tell your friend about the potential neurological consequences of playing football and what is currently being done to prevent neurological injuries? The first thing I would say is that while football is certainly fun and entertaining to watch, the human body was not designed to handle the frequent hard hits to the body and head as a result of playing the sport. Unfortunately these professional athletes end up suffering from brain damage as a result of our thirst and fascination for hard hits and violence. I would explain that while football helmets seem safe, they truly only provide very minimal protection against concussions that cause the brain to bounce, shake and rotate back and forth hitting against the wall of the human skull as a result of frequent football tackles that appear harmless to those watching the sport. To ensure the message hits home, I would bring up examples of their favourite former NFL players such as Hall of Famer Mike Webster who actually suffered neurological effects of playing the sport. It is important to highlight the most severe consequences first, which is that playing football can cause severe trauma to the brain as a result of multiple concussions that these athletes regularly experience. This trauma starts to destroy the integrity of the brain cells, causing a degenerative brain disease known as Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy...
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...How can people’s brains affect their understanding and experience of music? Explore the effects of amusia and how it impacts the lives of those suffering. Music is everywhere. In every day life, music is now omnipresent. In the shopping centers, in your car, at a wedding, in a school presentation, on the bus, on the television, in commercials, on your MP3. Music is often at times inescapable. It can impact our lives on such a large scale and for many becomes part of their identity. There are some people, however, who suffer from brain disorders that distort the way in which they can interpret and comprehend musical sounds. Amusia is a brain disorder that affects the way in which sufferers can hear music and it is estimated that around 4% of the general population may experience tone-deafness (Peretz, 2006, pp. 1--32). It can be from birth, but usually arises due to a brain injury or brain operation. Amusia has been described as the inability to hear or differentiate between tone, pitch or other musical attachments (eg rhythm or time). The word amusia is made up of a prefix ‘a’, which means ‘not’ or ‘without’. In this sense, it signifies an individual that is without music, or without the ability to interpret or understand music on a basic mechanical level. To clarify, these people are able to hear and interpret other sounds and voices normally. They only have an issue in regards to any musical tone. On some levels, everyone can relate to having some mild form of amusia...
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...stages of dementia, a person might not remember events from the last year, but in the later stages he or she might not recall what happened during the last 10 years (Hansell & Damour, 2008). Amnesia is a disorder where a person cannot remember what happened before the event that caused amnesia. A person that gets amnesia can have trouble learning new things as well. In contrast to dementia and delirium, organic amnesia involves memory impairment that occurs in the absence of other cognitive impairments (Hansell & Damour, 2008). Delirium and Dementia happens at an older age unless the individual has had mental disorder. Delirium can also occur in young children that have extremely high fevers certain medical illnesses, or other brain-altering conditions (Hansell & Damour, 2008). Amnesia can happen at any age is the individual has had some serious head trauma of any kind. Delirium and Dementia mainly affect women because more women out live men (Hansell & Damour,...
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