...Globalisation, challenges and changes Ian Brooks, Jamie Weatherston and Graham Wilkinson Learning outcomes On completion of this chapter you should be able to: understand the impact of globalisation; understand the move towards greater dynamism, complexity and uncertainty (turbulence) in the international business environment of most firms; speculate about the future prospects for organisations, individuals, governments and groups in society as a result of environmental turbulence; outline the nature of chaotic and turbulent environments and the implications of these for long-term planning and flexible working; reflect on the differences between predictable and unpredictable change and the implications of this for organisations; understand the characteristics of the advantages and drawbacks of flexible working; discuss the influences that the changing international business environment and, in particular, the trend towards flexible working, have upon individuals and groups in the social community; explore environmental scenarios; discuss the future role of government and understand the environmental forces acting on public sector organisations. Key concepts dynamism, complexity, uncertainty and turbulence predictable and unpredictable change chaos theory futurology long-term planning environmental scenarios and planning flexible working demographic time bomb social inclusion and exclusion interventionist and laissez-faire government. Chapter...
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...Globalisation Globalisation describes the mobility of goods, services, labour, technology and capital which takes place throughout the world. All those around the globe are more connected to each other than ever before. The benefits of globalisation implements huge advantages which allow information and money flow more quickly. Another advantage is that goods and services can be produced in one part of the world which is increasingly available in a large number of new parts all over the world. Additionally, Globalisation is another cause of international travel as it is becoming very frequent and the communication is also common practise. Apple Inc. has substantially increased as an international organization. One of the forms in which Apple have used globalisation is by providing so many useful Apps like iTunes. A enormous variety of songs are available on iTunes and because the business has offered this on the internet, as a software it has increased their sales internationally as it has become accessible internationally. The products and services that Apple provides are sold globally which enables them to have an exemplary reputation. Stores exist all over the world especially in capital consumer markets like the UK, US, China and Russia, allowing the business to exceed their performance as an international company. At this stage, not only does the use of stores help Apple to become an intercontinental company however the use of the internet also allows this...
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...The Impact of Management in Business Globalisation You often hear the expression that the world is a “Global Village” where news & events are instantly accessible wherever you are in the world, through the internet/satellite driven media outlets including social media. This “globalisation” has also made the business world a global village. The Economist Gunder Frank opined that a form of globalisation existed in the third millennium B.C, another economist Thomas L Friedman put the history of globalisation three periods. First period (1492-1800) involved the globalisation of countries; the second period (1800-2000) involved the globalisation of companies the third period (2000-present) involves the globalisation of individuals. Business globalisation...
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...SOUTH AFRICA ON THE FACE OF THE GLOBAL RECESSION South Africa was not spared by the global recession that gripped the global markets in 2009. The global economy remained firmly in the grips of a recession in the first quarter of 2009, South African markets correspondingly quaked as activity continued to decline at broadly the same pace that had been registered in the previous quarter. Driven by further sharp contractions in real output of the advanced economies in the wake of the financial crisis, the decline in production and international trade volumes reverberated in all parts of the world (Quarterly Bulletin, No.252). Accordingly, emerging-market economies also recorded significantly slower and even negative rates of growth, with declining export demand and lustreless prices of most export commodities acting as powerful brakes on the growth momentum in Africa and elsewhere in the developing world. 407 The South African Quarterly Bulletin, No.252 further noted that under these circumstances inflationary pressures dissipated in most parts of the world. At the same time, numerous countries continued with their efforts to support aggregate demand by means of unparalleled infusions of fiscal and monetary stimulation. Up to the first quarter of 2009 this did not seem to have had the desired effect. Most recently, however, there have been some improvements in a limited subset of indicators, suggesting that the pace of decline in global demand may be decelerating....
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...Globalisation have impacted the world and businesses in different ways, and today different people have been debating on the year that Globalisation started. Brooks, I. et al, stated that “many commentators take the view that globalisation probably started some way back in the nineteenth century” (Brooks, I. et al. 2004, p. 308). The term globalisation can be defined as “a process that refers to the growth of inter-dependencies between national market and industries on a worldwide scale” (Brooks, I. et al. 2004, p. 308). In other words, globalisation is the integration of different markets in the global economy. The process of globalisation have four different phases in the world and businesses. The first phase which started in the year 1880(Brooks, I. et al. 2004, p. 308) was mainly focused in the improvement and development of good transportation and automation processes which enabled the large business firms to rely on a long distance trade. Furthermore, in the 1880’s, the invention of telephone and telegraph communication made the process of transferring information much easier and faster which was very useful and helpful to different business firms to communicate and manage “their supply chain” (Brooks, I. et al. 2004, p. 308). Secondly, the second phase of the process of globalisation helped and enabled the business firms to expand and “establish multinational subsidiaries” (Brooks, I. et al. 2004, p. 308). The third phase was focused on the reduction of tariffs barriers...
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...The definition of globalisation is the growth of a business or organisation on international/global scale. Globalisation is the integration of the national economies into the international economy through trade, investment, migration, capital flows and spread of technology. One reason why globalisation can be deemed to be more of an opportunity is that the one outcome of globalisation is that the business can become more cost efficient. With increased competition the business can react to the change in market conditions by becoming more competitive themselves through being more efficient. Increased efficiency can be a result of the business reducing sales and increasing output in order to achieve economies of scale. This will allow the business to produce more products allowing sales to increase if there is demand available for the products whilst reducing the average costs per products. Another way in which the business may become more efficient is that there is an increased level of innovation within the business. Large business can be differentiated from their competitors through the innovation displayed by their products and product range demonstrating the ideas of the business, also with innovation increasing the quality of the workforce will increase as they employees will try to perform to their best standards in order to become more competitive this will allow waste to decrease reducing the costs of the business which in turn will help improve profits. Another reason...
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...The concepts of leadership and its effects on organisational performance also are included in MPIO (Beech, Cairns, Livingstone, Lockyer, and Tsoukas, 2002). MPIO includes a wide array of concepts and theories. To assess the proposition that the ways in which people are managed affects the performance of the organisations within which they function, however, this essay focused on two crucial aspects of MPIO in the contemporary period. These crucial aspects of MPIO are the responses by management to the globalised business environment and the effects of cultural diversity on management's communications with employees, each of which is crucial to the development of high levels of organisational performance in the environment of globalised economic and business operations. These two assessments are preceded by a very brief review of the globalised environment of business in the early 21st century. The Globalised Business Environment in the Early 21st Century. Globalisation is the spread of economic innovations around the world and...
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...Unit Title: The Business Environment Guided Learning Hours: 160 Level: Level 5 Number of Credits: 18 Learning Outcome 1 The learner will: Understand the significance of the environment on business activity. Assessment Criteria The learner can: Indicative Content 1.1 Explain the features of business activity. 1.1.1 Explain the business organisation as a transformation process. 1.1.2 Describe the different ways in which a business may structure its activities. 1.2 Discuss the complex interactions that operate between a business and its environment. 1.2.1 Discuss the complexity, volatility and uniqueness of an organisation's environment. 1.2.2 Explain the influence of shareholders on the internal environment of an organisation. 1.2.3 Outline the nature of the external environment (PEST). 1.3 Explain the need for change and its management within an individual business. 1.3.1 Discuss the need to monitor changes in the external environment. 1.3.2 Discuss the implications of environmental change for a business, its stakeholders and society. 1.3.3 Explain reasons for resistance to change by firms, managers and employees. 1.3.4 Describe ways in which resistance to change may be overcome. Learning Outcome 2 The learner will: Understand the structure and organisation of business. Assessment Criteria The learner can: Indicative Content 2.1 Discuss the impact of industrial and legal structure and size on organisational behaviour. 2.1.1 Classify...
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...Unit Title: The Business Environment Guided Learning Hours: 160 Level: Level 5 Number of Credits: 18 Learning Outcome 1 The learner will: Understand the significance of the environment on business activity. Assessment Criteria The learner can: 1.1 Explain the features of business activity. Indicative Content 1.1.1 Explain the business organisation as a transformation process. 1.1.2 Describe the different ways in which a business may structure its activities. 1.2 Discuss the complex interactions that operate between a business and its environment. 1.2.1 Discuss the complexity, volatility and uniqueness of an organisation's environment. 1.2.2 Explain the influence of shareholders on the internal environment of an organisation. 1.2.3 Outline the nature of the external environment (PEST). 1.3 Explain the need for change and its management within an individual business. 1.3.1 Discuss the need to monitor changes in the external environment. 1.3.2 Discuss the implications of environmental change for a business, its stakeholders and society. 1.3.3 Explain reasons for resistance to change by firms, managers and employees. 1.3.4 Describe ways in which resistance to change may be overcome. Learning Outcome 2 The learner will: Understand the structure and organisation of business. Assessment Criteria The learner can: 2.1 Discuss the impact of industrial and legal structure and size on organisational behaviour. Indicative Content 2.1.1 Classify businesses...
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...because of their characteristics of providing job opportunities to many people. Globalisation, as it is meant officially, seeks to promote competition in the economic playground, amongst the so-called 'global players' i.e. the businessmen across the frontiers of the nation-states. Co-operation against such a backdrop appears to be an outdated, obsolete and ludicrous concept. The cases, as appear obvious in such a regime, against co-operation are: I) Cooperation is a congregation of "too many", unnecessary in the environment congenial for competition. This rears and promotes inefficiency and wastage. Ii) The democracy co-operation is said to promote and sustain is a myth. Iii) The "overcrowding" does not necessarily ensure expertness in management. Iv) Despite bulge in number of membership, provision for capital may fall short of sufficiency. V) Lack of state of the art technology is often experienced. Vi) Inefficiency brings about lower profitability leading to poor incentives causing lower motivation, insufficient capital formation and poor performance. Vii) Thus, incapability in survival is quite common. Considering the above negative traits of the co-operatives, it may sound natural as well as rational to not opt for them. However, co-operatives do have certain scores of merit that deserve consideration. A) In the face of fierce competition in the age of globalisation, co-operatives provided a soothing effect in a society by creating an atmosphere...
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... |Page 13 -14 | |4. Task 1: Reference |Page 15 | |5. Task 1: Indexes |PDF file | |6. Task 2: Marks and Spencer operation report |Page 16 - 26 | |7. Task 2: Reference |Page 27 - 28 | ABSTRACT MBA 405 - Global Organisational Environment Probably everyone will agree that at the beginning of the 21st century, the impact of globalisation on countries, societies, businesses and individuals have been much more evident than ever before. Especially for businesses and organizations, globalization has impacted considerably on the way businesses are operated, managed and developed. Success of businesses and organizations have been so dependent on how well and proactively they have responded to the global organizational environment. This paper captures my learning progress in studying the MBA 405 – Global Organisational Environment through the followings: Part 1:- a learning log addressing: 1. What I knew about this topic prior to the class and what I wanted to learn? 2. What were the key ideas that I learned from this session? 3. What concepts I found difficult...
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...International Business Environment Name: University: Course Title: Instructor: Date: Executive Summary International business environment changes in the last couple of years have had a significant impact on the sectors of the world economy more so the airline sector, with this in mind the term paper focused on the impact of changes in the international business environment on the airline industry. International business environment is viewed as the most contexts for international business and comprehending how forces in this environment impact the business operations is the difference between business failure and success. To this end, the research established various changes in the business environment that have taken place in political, economic, financial and socio-cultural circles. Political changes especially the Arab spring have had far reaching impact on the airline sector with fall in passenger numbers to these destination as well as the rise in fuel prices negatively impacting the growth of the industry, political instability in other areas as well as laws regulating the airline sector have been on the rise as countries seek to protect local airlines, the economic crisis slowed down the growth of the sector but with the recovery process on track, the airline industry is expected to grow into the foreseeable future, issues such a new taxes for example carbon tax in Europe, the unstable foreign exchange market and inflationary pressures...
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...11636637 Contemporary Issues in Business and Management 6BUS1101 Assignment One – The Internet of Things Contents Page | Page Number | | | 2.0 Introduction | 1 | | | 3.0 Internet of Things | | 3.1 What is Internet of Things | 1 | 3.2 Why is this a contemporary issue? | 1 | | | 4.0 Managing in an increasingly global world | 2 | | | 5.0 Environment and Culture | 2-3 | | | 6.0 Issues in managing change and innovation | 3-4 | | | 7.0 Conclusion | 5 | | | 8.0 References | 6 | | | 1.0 Introduction The following report will be all about Internet of Things. Namely, what it is, when and why it came about and what the “Things” are. Following that, why it is a contemporary issue. Finally, using theory from three topics, the opportunities and threats associated with the implementation of Internet of Things on these will be discussed. These topics are as follows; managing in an increasingly global world, environment and culture (constraints and challenges for the global manager) and issues in managing change and innovation. 2.0 Internet of Things 2.1 What is Internet of Things? So just what actually is meant by the phrase “Internet of Things”? Chaochi (2013) suggests that there are two ways in which IoT can be defined, from an economical point of view and a technical point of view. She states that economically, its about “designing new services and generating new revenue streams in the communication...
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...1. Using examples, explain what is meant by internal and external drivers for change. With globalisation it is an important to have clear concept about business management. Business environment is the totality of all such factors which influence the working and decision making of a business organisation. Business is a commercial enterprises ventured into secure maximum possible profit and to give best services to the public. These are things, events or situations that occur the way a business operations, either in a positive or negative way. This can be called driving forces or environmental factors. They are; I. Internal driving forces Internal driving forces, which are the things, situations or events that are occurred inside the business and these generally under control of the company. The main internal driving forces are given below; (a) Technological Capacity The new discoveries make the old one obsolete. The business community has to keep itself abreast with the technological changes. And it is also an important aspect as it shapes the business operations in the long run. Today the scientists are working on such technologies which will change the entire production process. The company is not running without most modern technology, they cannot competent to others (b) Organisational Culture Organisational behaviour can be defined as the systematic study of the behaviour and attitude of both individual and group within the organisation. Organisations...
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...This business report aims to provide information about the situation of SMEs and the considerations partnered owners must make to ensure the continued success of the business which has been prosperous for 4 years. The purpose of this report is to outline one external influence and one internal influence on the business. Also, the challenges the two owners face in the growth stage of their business’s life cycle will be described. Furthermore, this report will discuss valid arguments for and against why the owners should or should not go from a partnership business to a private company. Influences An external influence on a business is one which is outside of the business’ control. This business will experience an influence from multiple external factors inclusive of globalisation. Globalisation is the process of people, goods, money and ideas being transported all across the world quicker and cheaper than ever before. New means of communication, transport technology and information have revolutionised and thus broken the barriers of distance and time by developing a global market. Businesses and consumers are now able to access resources from within the global market through development of technology, particularly the internet. An accumulating demand results in a wider customer base therefore rising of the business, ultimately increasing its overall success. An internal influence on a business is one which is within the business’ control. Location is vital for businesses...
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