...called beyond the seams to make sure the company adheres to environmental, social, and ethical guidelines. Gap Inc. is committed to funding programs that aid women and children in achieving success and helping entrepreneurs to begin stable businesses. Through Gap’s ethical standards, it has developed legitimacy and positive stakeholder relations which attribute to the company’s global success. Gap has realized growth as a company and in many individual areas, with its current stock listed at over twenty six dollars per share (Gap Inc, 1). Levi Strauss has a published code of ethical values available for its share holders as follows “We believe that business can drive profits through principles, and that our values as a company and as individuals give us a competitive advantage. Empathy — walking in other people’s shoes Empathy begins with paying close attention to the world around us. We listen and respond to the needs of our customers, employees and other stakeholders. Originality — being authentic and innovative The pioneering spirit that started in 1873 with the very first pair of blue jeans still permeates all aspects of our business. Through innovative products and practices, we break the mold. Integrity — doing the right thing Integrity means doing right...
Words: 771 - Pages: 4
...September 29, 2012 MGT251 Human Relations in Business Assignment 6 If I were to choose to be mentored or to mentor, I would be would choose to mentor another. To me this means I am in the position I desire and have the knowledge to be closer to the position desired. The text book Human Relations explains coaching is an important part of mentoring; the difference in coaching is the mentor gives on the spot advice and direction to help the protégé be skilled in a project or sports team. One thing that stuck out in one of the skills and techniques is: Give some constructive advice. “Advice in the form of a question or suppositional statement is often effective” (DuBrin, 2009). To be a mentor one need to engage themselves outside the work force to learn of the wide range of helping behaviors, like being a trusted friend and coach (DuBrin, 2009). I have worked with many difficult people, know-it-alls, blamers, and No-people. With know-it-alls it’s easy to shake your head yes and smile, but when this type asks you to do something and you know it’s the wrong way, I will do it the way I have either always done it knowing it is the right way, or reconfirm with another to make sure if I do it the way the know-it-all wants me to is okay. Blamers can be difficult and unethical. Depending on the situations I may take the blame, sometimes turning it around or correcting the blamer makes you look worse than just...
Words: 1389 - Pages: 6
...model. In this kind of model, tables are made use of in such a way that data items are formally described and organized according to their level of relations. The data item contained in a given table represents a relation. I am convinced beyond reasonable doubt that through the use of relational database model, an organization can be able to effectively manage their wide range of information encountered on a daily basis. Relational database model offers a more efficient means of managing data. Some of the huge benefits are discussed as follows. A relational database is a collection of relations or tables. The rows of a table in a relational database are known as tuples and each column of a table is called an attribute. By definition, a relation becomes a set of tuples having the same attributes. Operations, which can be performed on the relations are select, project and join. The join operation combines relations, the select queries are used for data retrieval and the project operation identifies attributes. The information oif the organization can be captured, manipulated, managed, and shared, and the value the database brings to the organization is immense. The advantages of a relational database are that they contribute to sound logical design, are easy to understand and program, and should be amenable to change as business requirements change. The main earlier systems include file-based systems and Codasyl databases. File-based systems were complex and tended to be inherently...
Words: 554 - Pages: 3
...information about processes. Before I continue I would like to explain what a relational database is and what it is derived from. Databases have been a staple of business computing from the very beginning of the digital era. In fact, the relational database was born in 1970 when E.F. Codd, a researcher at IBM, wrote a paper outlining the process. A database is an application that can store and retrieve data very rapidly. The relational bit refers to how the data is stored in the database and how it is organized. Since then, relational databases have grown in popularity to become the standard. A relational database allows you to easily find specific information. It also allows you to sort based on any field and generate reports that contain only certain fields from each record. Relational databases use tables to store information. With a relational database, you can quickly compare information because of the arrangement of data in columns. The relational database model takes advantage of this uniformity to build completely new tables out of required information from existing tables. In other words, it uses the relationship of similar data to increase the speed and versatility of the database. Relationship database establish the relationships between entities by means of common fields included in a file, called a relation. For example, a customer orders a product. Each customer may has an ID number and has a name. The relationship between a customer and the customer’s order created...
Words: 732 - Pages: 3
...is a collection of relations or tables. The rows of a table in a relational database are known as tuples and each column of a table is called an attribute. By definition, a relation becomes a set of tuples having the same attributes. Operations, which can be performed on the relations are select, project and join. The join operation combines the relations. The select queries are used for data retrieval, and the project operation identifies attributes. The information of the organization can be captured, manipulated, managed, and shared using relational database. The value database brings to the organization will be immense. To name few advantages of a relational database it can contribute in a huge manner to sound logical design: it is easy to understand and program, and it is amenable to change as business requirements change. The main earlier systems include file-based systems and Codasyl databases. Both systems are currently used in our company. File-based systems are complex and tended to be inherently restrictive and quickly reached the point where a complete rewrite becomes necessary if business requirements change. It is also very time consuming compare to using database. Codasyl databases are a vast improvement on the old file-based systems, but it requires high level of expertise to design properly, and just like file-based system it will be unable to support changes to business requirements. A properly designed relational database reflects business entities and the relationships...
Words: 535 - Pages: 3
...* How the Internet works * Packet-switching technology Actual data transmission takes place sporadically, rather than continuously. Data to be transmitted is divided into small packets of information and labeled to identify the sender and recipient. These are sent over a network and then reassembled at their destination. If any packet did not arrive or was not intact, original sender requested to resend the packet. -> This enables millions to transmit data at the same time. * Understand the importance of standards (protocols) * What problems are and tasks are involved in networks and why are standards important for networks to run? Computers and applications of different kinds need to use the same network. Packets could get altered/lost/out of sequence. Many computers send packets simultaneously. There are lots of different destinations, routes, and sometimes some of them ‘close down’. * Bandwidth Bandwidth is transmission capacity of a computer or communications channel, measured in bits per second (bps). * TCP/IP protocol and layered standards of the Internet * Application layer, network layer (TCP/IP) Applications layer (e.g. HTTP, FTP) specifies how application programs communicate. Network layer (e.g. TCP/IP) consists of transport layer and internet layer. Transport layer (TCP) breaks, reassembles messages into packets. Internet layer (IP) specifies the address a packet is headed to. * Internet addressing and architecture:...
Words: 2137 - Pages: 9
...DATABASE DESIGN One of the most important if not the most important aspect of a database is the database design process. It is a must that the design is good and functional. A database consists of many different parts of an engineer’s design, which together makes up a complete database system. A database system is designed to manage large bodies of information. Database design is the construction of a database as a subsystem of an information system. Therefore, the database design process is an integral component of the information system design process. ( Chilson and Kudlac, 1983). One of the greatest problems in the application design process is the lack of foresight. During the design process there must be a thorough evaluation of your database, what it should hold, how data relates to each other, and most importantly, whether it is scalable. When it comes to the maintenance of your database it should be easy to maintain, this means storing as limited amount of repetitive data as possible. Let’s say you have a lot of duplicate data, and one instant of that data undergoes a name change, that change has to be made for all occurrences of that data. You can overcome this duplication problem by creating a table of possible values and use a key to refer to the value. That way, if the value changes names, the change occurs only once, in the master table. What are the steps involved in the database design. First, you must determine the purpose of your database, this helps...
Words: 2020 - Pages: 9
...(Tribhuvan University) A STUDY IN THE ATTENDANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF HIMALAYAN WHITEHOUSE INTERNATIONAL COLLEGE Project Report on Database Management System In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the Bachelor’s Degree in Business Administration By: September 2014 Table of Contents Chapter I 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Introduction of the Organization 1 1.2 Attendance Management System 1 1.3 Overview 2 1.4 Economically Feasibility 2 1.5 Technical Feasibility 2 1.6 Behavioural Feasibility 2 Chapter II 3 LITERATURE SURVEY 3 2.1 Drawbacks Of Present System 3 2.2 Proposed System 3 2.2.1 Objectives of the Proposed System 3 2.2.2 Advantages of Proposed System 4 2.3 Scope 4 Chapter III 5 SYSTEM DESIGN 5 3.1 E-R-D Representations 5 3.2 E-R Diagram 6 3.3 Schema 7 3.4 Tabular Representation Of Schema 7 Chapter IV 10 IMPLEMENTATION 10 4.1 Syntaxes 10 4.2 Snapshots 11 Chapter V 14 CONCLUSION 14 BIBLIOGRAPHY 15 REFERENCES 16 LIST OF TABLES |Table no. |Title |Page no. | |3.4.1 |Tabular representation of Schema: Teacher |9 | |3.4.2 |Tabular representation of Schema: Teaches |9 | |3.4.3 |Tabular representation of Schema: Subject |9 ...
Words: 2569 - Pages: 11
...AC571_relational_database_005-019 Male Page 1 of 5 AC571_relational_database_005 Welcome to this refresher on relational database concepts. Understanding relational database concepts is a key to mastering a key theme, REA modeling. As we progress through this refresher, please pay close attention to the objectives being covered as you see on the screen. The objectives are as follows: problems inherent in the flat file approach to data management that gave rise to the relational database concept, relationships among the defining elements of the relational database environment, stages in database design, entity identification, data modeling, constructing the physical database, and preparing user views, features of distributive databases and issues to consider in deciding on a particular database configuration. These objectives will serve as the foundation for understanding relational database concepts and REA modeling. AC571_relational_database_006 Before we can get into the heart of relational database concepts one must understand the differences between two common database environments, flat file and relational databases. As you know, computer systems process data. This processing involves two key components, data and instructions, or programs. This occurs no matter what database environment you have. In order to process the data you need an interface. Conceptually there are two methods for designing the interface between program instructions and data. File oriented processing...
Words: 2046 - Pages: 9
...installed on the machines. Objectives: • Track faculty and staff computers and software • Track all software, versions, and license agreements • Track software requests from users to determine if a copy of the software is available and if is it is something that should be purchased. Preliminary Timeline: 1. Gathering Data – This task will consist of gathering all the information needed to complete the task. Time allotted: 3 weeks Deliverable: A list of the locations of the computers needing to have the software installed to track the software. 2. Analyzing Data – The data gathered will be used to analyze to determine the business rules and needs. Time allotted: 2 weeks Deliverable: List of business rules 3. Normalization – The data model will be completed with computers that need the software. Time allotted: 1 week Deliverable: Entity relation diagram for review 4. Building the physical database – The data model will be translated. Tables containing columns with the computers and machines that need the tracking software. Time allotted: 3 days Deliverable: The schema of the database for review. 5. Testing and Security – Do a sample data and each of the computers and machines will be tested. General database security and software will be tested. Time allotted: 3 weeks Deliverable: Documented test results...
Words: 494 - Pages: 2
...DATABASE DESIGN AND THE IMPORTANCE OF DESIGNING A FUNCTIONAL PROCESS CIS475 Instructor: IBRAHIM ELHAG, PhD 3/6/2012 DATABASE DESIGN One of the most important if not the most important aspect of a database is the database design process. It is a must that the design is good and functional. A database consists of many different parts of an engineer’s design, which together makes up a complete database system. A database system is designed to manage large bodies of information. Database design is the construction of a database as a subsystem of an information system. Therefore, the database design process is an integral component of the information system design process. ( Chilson and Kudlac, 1983). One of the greatest problems in the application design process is the lack of foresight. During the design process there must be a thorough evaluation of your database, what it should hold, how data relates to each other, and most importantly, whether it is scalable. When it comes to the maintenance of your database it should be easy to maintain, this means storing as limited amount of repetitive data as possible. Let’s say you have a lot of duplicate data, and one instant of that data undergoes a name change, that change has to be made for all occurrences of that data. You can overcome this duplication problem by creating a table of possible values and use a key to refer to the value. That way, if the value changes names, the change occurs only...
Words: 2041 - Pages: 9
...Sent, 02/17/2015 8:00 AM From: Perry Seibles To: Jason Smith Cc: Madison Akers Subject: Object Relation vs Standard Relational Systems Hello Jason, this email is in regards to your information request on object relational and standard relational systems. First, to better understand either of these systems one must understand how the data models have evolved and how they have become an important part of everyday business. There will always be a need to improve the way data is managed. Since the 1960’s there has been a quest to improve this and since then there has been several models that made an effort to fix or improve the previous models errors. Prior to today’s filing systems companies used a manual filing system. This system was developed to handle and record the core task within a business. Just as the name states this is a manual type system, meaning everything was recorded with paper and pencil. For every file that is created using this type of system, will have to be file in a certain way. For record keepers within a company this task consisted of filing all files in a way that they can be easily retrieved. Generally all files are grouped together by categories or related topics i.e. employee records or accounts payable. As time progressed and demand increased for accuracy a computerized filing system was generated. One of the first models to be used was the hierarchical model. The basic logical structure of this model is portrayed by an upside down tree. In...
Words: 625 - Pages: 3
...Tagum National Highway, Tagum City Name of System and Company A Database Project Submitted to the Faculty of Bachelor of Science in Computer Science of St Mary’s College of Tagum In final fulfilment of the academic requirements for the CS 108 – Database Management System Submitted by: NAMES Date Submitted 2. Table of Contents 3. Document Scope - Describes the goal of this document in a narrative. - Introduction 4. System Overview - Provide a brief overview of the system. 5. Business Rules - Brief, precise, and unambiguous description of policy, procedure, or principle of the Company or Organization. 6. Relational Diagram - Representation of the Relational database’s entities, the attributes within those entities and the relationships between those entities. Example 7. Crow’s Foot ER Diagram - A graph/ diagram that represents the conceptual database as viewed by the end user. Example 8. ERM Components - Summarizes the ERM’s components and names the entities and their relations. Example. . 9. Data Dictionary - Provides detailed accounting of all tables found within the user/designer-created database - Contains (at least) all the attribute names and characteristics for each table in the system - Contains metadata—data about data Example 10. Database Design Decisions - Discuss the decisions that were made when designing the database for the Application, including problems, alternative solutions, and design assumptions that had to be made. - Divide this section...
Words: 367 - Pages: 2
...What is the most popular type of database? relational Using a file-oriented approach to data and information, data is maintained in many separate files. 3. File-oriented approaches create problems for organizations because of multiple master files which may contain redundant data. 4. Which statement is true regarding file systems? The proliferation of master files creates problems in the consistency of specific data stored in different files. 5. A set of interrelated, centrally coordinated files is called a database. 6. The software program that creates, manipulates, and accesses the database goes by the acronym DBMS. 7. The ___________ acts as an interface between the database and the various application programs c) Database management system 8. The combination of the database, the DBMS, and the application programs that access the database through the DBMS is referred to as the c) Database system 9. The person responsible for the database is the b) Database administrator 10. All of the following are benefits of database technology except: b) Decentralized management of data 11. Separating the logical and physical views in a database allows the programmers to concentrate on coding the application logic b) since they do not have to focus on the physical location and layouts of various data items. 12. A database system separates the logical and physical view of data. Such separation facilitates the development...
Words: 3223 - Pages: 13
...Database Design Paper Joseph Schmosef University Of Phoenix (ecampus) DBM/380 Sunday, April 01, 2012 “A database is a structured collection of records or data that is stored in a computer system. In order for a database to be truly functional, it must not only store large amounts of records well, but be accessed easily. In addition, new information and changes should also be fairly easy to input.” (tech-faq.com) To ensure usefulness over the long-term, databases should be built with high data integrity and the ability to recover data if the hardware fails. Information that has been corrupted or destroyed serves no purpose within a business structure. Being the Armed Forces is like being a field value in one giant database. Everything from the gear we are issued to how we are identified as an “individual” (ssn#) is a scannable number to be coded, referenced, and utilized by anyone with proper clearance. “The database architecture is the set of specifications, rule, and processes that dictate how data is stored in a database and how data is accessed by components of the system.” (wingenious.com) Database architecture type s can be broken down into three broad categories, each of which can have several subcategories: One Tier, Two Tier- client/server, and “N” Tier- client/server. The One Tier architecture is best suited to the single user and relatively small amounts of data. It runs on the user’s local machine and references a file that is stored on that machine’s...
Words: 668 - Pages: 3