...Oral health status and the likelihood of rising dental caries precisely associate with the child’s vulnerability. Oral diseases are mostly seen in vulnerable populations. Social groups with augmented susceptibility to adverse health effects are defined as vulnerable populations. (Flaskerud & Winslow 1998). Children are a vulnerable population as they usually have restricted power, intellect, schooling, means, power and capacity to provide self care that enhances their possibility for reduced health effect. Children depend on their parents and caregivers to look after them and make available the largest part of their fundamental needs Hence, a child’s state of health relies on their parent’s capacity to care for them, which is ultimately affected by the parent’s own present state of vulnerability. An obvious understanding of the concept of vulnerability associated with oral health in the initial childhood is an essential step in comprehending this multi-factoral situation. This paper will discuss about Rodger’s evolutionary method of concept analysis used to offer an examination of vulnerability linked with oral health near the beginning of childhood, the steps in Rodger’s process of concept analysis and the results. Rodger’s Evolutionary Method Rodgers first published her evolutionary method for concept analysis in 1989 (Rodgers, 1989). Concept analysis is a method to simplify the meanings of terms and to characterize terms so that authors and readers communicate a collective...
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...-18Th June 2015 8Th -18Th June 2015 PARTICIPATORY DISASTER RISK ANALYSIS Kilifi County Technical Team National Drought Management authority Kilifi County Technical Team National Drought Management authority ADU WARD, KILIFI COUNTY WATER SCARCITY HAZARD PDRA FIELD REPORT ADU WARD, KILIFI COUNTY WATER SCARCITY HAZARD PDRA FIELD REPORT Contents Contents i LIST OF TABLES ii List of Figures iii List of Photos iii 1.0 BACKGROUND 4 1.1 Geographical Information 4 1.2 Administrative and demographic profile 5 1.3 Livelihoods 5 1.3.1 Livestock asset base 6 1.3.2 Crops grown 7 1.4 Social amenities 7 1.4.1 Health facilities 7 1.4.2 Schools 8 1.4.2.1 Early childhood development centres 8 1.4.2.2 Primary schools 8 1.4.2.3 Secondary schools 8 1.5 Water resources 8 1.6 Infrastructure 9 1.6.1 Roads and bridges 9 1.6.2 Markets and sale yards 9 1.6.3 Cattle dips and community crushes 9 1.6.4 Communication 10 1.6.5 Energy sources 10 1.7 Community Resource Map 11 1.8 Seasonal calendar 12 2.0 Hazards 13 3.0 OBJECTIVES OF THE FIELD PRACTICUM 14 4.0 METHODOLOGY 15 5.0 OUTPUT OF THE PDRA 16 5.1 HAZARD ANALYSIS 13 5.2 VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT 13 5.3 CAPACITY ADDRESSING HAZARD 14 5.4 CAPACITIES ADDRESSING VULNERABILITY 15 5.5 COMMUNITY DISASTER RISK ANALYSIS 17 5.6 Disaster Risk Reduction Plan 20 5.7 STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS. 22 5.8 CONTINGENCY PLANNING 23 6.0 CHALLENGES 13 7.0 PERCEPTIONS...
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...Palestine Red Cresent Society Vulnerability & Capacity Assessment A Participatory Action Research Study of the Vulnerabilities and Capacities of the Palestinian Society in Disaster Preparedness August 2000 INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF RED CROSS AND RED CRECSENT SOCIETIES United Nations Children's Fund West Bank & Gaza Vulnerability & Capacity Assessment A Participatory Action Research Study of the Vulnerabilities and Capacities of the Palestinian Society in Disaster Preparedness Palestine Red Crescent Society August 2000 Copyright © Palestine Red Crescent Society 2001 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval sysems without prior permission from The Palestine Red Crescent Society, Al-Bireh, Palestine. For further infromation: Palestine Red Crescent Society Headquarters/ Al-Bireh P.O.Box 3637 Tel: ++972-2-2406515/6/7 Fax: ++972-2-2406518 e-mail: info@PalestineRCS.org Website: www.PalestineRCS.org Thanks to technical support of UNICEF West Bank and Gaza to this study and to the financial contribution of UNICEF- Middle East and North Africa Regional office who made the design and printing of this publication possible. Special thanks to the International Federation of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies for their technical and financial support to carrying this study. Cover...
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...areas, both by changing the frequency and/or intensity of extreme events and by bringing changes in mean conditions that may alter the underlying vulnerability of populations to hazards. The result in the decades to come may be an increase in the global burden of weather-related disasters: events that can threaten the sustainability of development processes and undermine progress toward poverty reduction. Holistic management of disaster risk requires action to reduce impacts of extreme events before, during and after they occur, including technical preventive measures and aspects of socio-economic development designed to reduce human vulnerability to hazards. Approaches toward the management of climate change impacts also have to consider the reduction of human vulnerability under changing levels of risk. A key challenge and opportunity therefore lies in building a bridge between current disaster risk management efforts aimed at reducing vulnerabilities to extreme events and efforts to promote climate change adaptation. There is a need to understand better the extent to which current disaster management practices reflect future adaptation needs and assess what changes may be required if such practices are to address future risks. At the World Conference on Disaster Reduction (WCDR) in Kobe, Japan, 2005, the inter-agency Vulnerability and Adaptation Resource Group (VARG) presented the discussion paper “Disaster Risk Management in a Changing Climate” to support a dialogue on...
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...Hodgkinson relied on Simms analysis. As the result of the advice, Hodgkinson invested in the MURBs and subsequently lost a significant amount of money after the real estate market crash in 1981. Hodgkinson alleges that Simms profited from selling the MURBs and this was not disclosed. • At the Supreme Court of BC, Hodgkinson sued for breach of fiduciary duty and breach of contract and was awarded damages of $350,507.62 – the amount lost on the MURBS. In this case, the judge stated that fiduciary duty is marked by vulnerability and it was established because Simms agreed to act on behalf of Hodgkinson, was in a position to affect his interests, and Hodgkinson relied on Simms. In addition, there was real or potential conflict of interest that was not disclosed to Hodgkinson. • At the Court of Appeal, it was found that were was no fiduciary duty because the required degree of vulnerability had not been proved, and that Hodgkinson knew the risks of the investment. However, the court did hold the duty of disclosure. The court ruled that Hodgkinson’s losses were due to the real estate market, and not the failure of Simms to disclose. Therefore, damages were limited to a prorated share of amounts paid by the MURBs developer to Simms. • Hodgkinson appealed to the Supreme Court of Canada. Issues: Was there a fiduciary duty between Simms and Hodgkinson and if so, was there a breach of the duty? Law/Analysis The court stated that vulnerability is common to breach...
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...to health, life, property or environment. According to Twigg ( 2007 ), disaster is defined as the occurrence of an extreme hazard event that impacts on vulnerable communities, causing substantial damage, disruption and possible causalities, and leaving the affected communities unable to function normally without outside assistance. CBDM thus came into play as another panacea in disaster reduction. Community based disaster management is a bottom-up approach, that was cemented in 2005 Hyogo Declaration. This is a commitment by Governments to its citizens. 2005 Hyogo Declaration spells out CBDM, as strengthening community level capacities to reduce disaster risk and at the local level is especially needed, considering that appropriate disaster reduction measures at that level enable the communities and individuals to reduce significantly their vulnerability to hazards....
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...Planning 5 CARE Approach to Emergency Preparedness 5 Measurement of Preparedness 6 Emergency Preparedness and Contingency Planning 6 Emergency Preparedness Planning Steps 8 Writing and Distributing the Plan 8 Monitoring and Updating the Plan 8 Part II – The Written Plan 10 Executive Summary 10 1. Formation of Emergency Response Team 10 2. Information Collection 11 3. Country Office Capacity Inventory 12 3.1. Country Office Organization Chart 13 3.2. Country Office Human Resources 13 3.3. Country Office Physical Resources 13 3.4. Country Office Key Staff Contact Information 13 3.5. RMU, CARE Lead Member, and CARE International Key Contacts 13 3.6. In Country Coordination Mechanisms and Contacts 13 4. Risk Analysis 13 5. Scenario Development 15 5.1. Scenario 1 16 5.1.1. Scenario Description 16 5.1.2. Impact Analysis 16 5.1.3. Identification of Risk Reduction Measures 17 5.1.4. CARE Prevention and Mitigation Measures 19 5.1.5. CARE Response Strategy 19 5.1.5.1. Criteria for Engagement 20 5.1.5.2. Partnership Analysis 20 5.1.5.3. Geographical Focus 21 5.1.5.4. Objectives of CARE Interventions 21 5.1.5.5. Trigger Indicators 21 5.1.5.6. Key Interventions/Actions 22 5.1.5.7. Entry and Exit/Transition Strategy 24 5.1.6. Local Considerations 24 5.1.7. Programming Considerations 24 5.1.7.1. CARE International Emergency Strategy 25 5.1.7.2. Rights Based Approach 26 5.1.7.3. CARE International...
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...10 Combination HIV Prevention: Tailoring and Coordinating Biomedical, Behavioural and Structural Strategies to Reduce New HIV Infections A UNAIDS Discussion Paper UNAIDS – JC2007 (English original, September 2010) © Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) 2010. All rights reserved. Publications produced by UNAIDS can be obtained from the UNAIDS Content Management Team. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate UNAIDS publications—whether for sale or for noncommercial distribution— should also be addressed to the Content Management Team at the address below, or by fax, at +41 22 791 4835, or e-mail: publicationpermissions@unaids.org. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNAIDS concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by UNAIDS in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable precautions have been taken by UNAIDS to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any...
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...Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Manuals and Guides 52 Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission TSUNAMI RISK ASSESSMENT ANDMITIGATION FOR THE INDIAN OCEAN KNOWING YOUR TSUNAMI RISK – AND WHAT TO DO ABOUT IT June 2009 UNESCO 1 Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Manuals and Guides 52 knowing your tsunami risk – and what to do about it Tsunami risk assessment and mitigation for the Indian Ocean; The designation employed and the presentation of material throughout the publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO in particular concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or the delineation of its frontiers or boundaries. The authors are responsible for the choice and the presentation of the facts contained in this manual and for the opinions expressed therein, which are not necessarily those of UNESCO and do not commit the Organization. Designer: Eric Loddé For bibliographic purposes, this document should be cited as follows: Tsunami risk assessment and mitigation for the Indian Ocean; knowing your tsunami risk – and what to do about it IOC Manual and Guides No. 52, Paris: UNESCO, 2007 (English). Printed by UNESCO (IOC/2009/MG/52) © UNESCO IOC 2009 Tsunami risk assessment and mitigation for the Indian Ocean; knowing your tsunami risk – and what to do about it 3 Table of contents Acknowledgement ...........................................
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... REPUBLIC ACT No. 10121 AN ACT STRENGTHENING THE PHILIPPINE DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, PROVIDING FOR THE NATIONAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK AND INSTITUTIONALIZING THE NATIONAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT PLAN, APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled: Section 1. Title. - This Act shall be known as the "Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010". Section 2. Declaration of Policy. - It shall be the policy of the State to: (a) Uphold the people's constitutional rights to life and property by addressing the root causes of vulnerabilities to disasters, strengthening the country's institutional capacity for disaster risk reduction and management and building the resilience of local communities to disasters including climate change impacts; (b) Adhere to and adopt the universal norms, principles and standards of humanitarian assistance and the global effort on risk reduction as concrete expression of the country's commitment to overcome human sufferings due to recurring disasters; (c) Incorporate internationally accepted principles of disaster risk management in the creation and implementation of national, regional and local sustainable development and poverty reduction strategies, policies, plans and budgets; (d) Adopt a disaster risk reduction and management approach that is holistic, comprehensive...
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...I have been hired by AEN (Abdulaziz Essam Nassruldin) company as a Chief Information Officer (CIO) to manage its IT Department . The company’s CEO requested me to prepare a report pointing out potential security vulnerabilities at the AEN company. For that I started with risk assessment exercise which will identify the relations between company assets, threats and vulnerabilities that may lead to the loss of confidentiality, integrity, availability, authenticity, or accountability. The output of the risk assessment will determine the actions for managing security risks and for implementing the appropriate controls needed to protect the company assets. The risk assessment process consists of the following tasks: • “Identify business needs and changes to requirements that may affect overall IT and security direction. • Review adequacy of existing security policies, standards, guidelines and procedures. • Analyze assets, threats and vulnerabilities, including their impacts and likelihood (See sheet # 1) • Assess physical protection applied to computing equipment and other network components. • Conduct technical and procedural review and analysis of the network architecture, protocols and components to ensure that they are implemented according to the security policies. • Review and check the configuration, implementation and usage of remote access systems, servers, firewalls and external network connections, including the client Internet connection. • Review logical...
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...Small Island Developing States Speech – St. Lucia’s Prime Minister as CARICOM Representative Written By Ms. Ingrid Baker: 620042573 (Advisor to Hon. Dr. Kenny and Dr. Anthony) For The Hon. Dr. Kenny (Prime Minister of St. Lucia) Head of Delegation Topic: The Opportunities and challenges for development now being posed to small state economies in light of the implications of climate change. Excellences, Mr. Secretary-General, distinguished ladies and gentlemen; I have the distinct honour to deliver this presentation on behalf of the 15 member states of the Caribbean Community, CARICOM. Now, this comes at a critical juncture for all Small Island Developing States. When, more than ever, critical leadership is required. As we already know, we face the same realities in "the Caribbean where we live," and we endure this reality through the threat produced on our islands by climate change. Climate is existential within the Caribbean, and is very badly affected by rising sea levels, but not that only, since we also need to think of things like the acidification of the oceans, the effects that this has on fish stocks and what this means for food security. Projections show that this warming that is taking place, will be accompanied by an increase in heavy rainfall events and other temporal and spatial changes in precipitation patterns, and by more intense or frequent cyclones/hurricanes. Agricultural land, water resources and biodiversity are already under pressure from increases...
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...Annex 14 Center for International Forest Research Southern Africa Regional Office Lusaka, Zambia Report Climate Change in Zambia: Opportunities for Adaptation and Mitigation through Africa Bio-Carbon Initiative By Samuel Mulenga Bwalya Peaks Environmental Management Consultants P.O Box 32632 Lusaka, Zambia January, 2010 Table of Contents Contents Page Table of Contents................................................................................................................. i List of Tables ...................................................................................................................... ii List of acronyms ................................................................................................................ iii Acknowledgements............................................................Error! Bookmark not defined. Executive Summary ............................................................................................................ v 1. Introduction................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Objectives of the study........................................................................................ 1 1.2 Approaches and methodology............................................................................. 2 2. Climate variability and impacts .................................................................................. 2 2.1 Climate...
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...discover vulnerabilities that an aggressor could take advantage.Pen tests could be mechanized with software applications or they can be performed physically. The procedure incorporates gathering data about the objective before the test (observation), recognizing possible points, endeavoring to soften up (either for all intents and purposes or seriously) and reporting back the discoveries. The primary target of penetration testing is to decide security shortcomings. A pen test can likewise be utilized to test an association's security approach consistence, its representatives' security awareness and the association's ability to distinguish and react to security episodes. [1] The penetration test doesn't stop at just revealing vulnerabilities but it also check the following stride to effectively misuse those vulnerabilities with a specific end goal to demonstrate (or negate) true assault vectors against an association's IT resources, information, people and the physical security. An infiltration test takes into consideration different assault vectors to be investigated against the same target. It is basically the mix of data or vulnerabilities over various frameworks that will prompt an effective trade off. [2] Tests to Check the Vulnerability: 1. Network Vulnerability Scanning: Routinely planned network vulnerability scan may offer an association some assistance with identifying shortcomings in network security before any attack. The objective of running vulnerability scan or directing...
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...to the Government for financial and technical support. The District Focus for Rural Development (DFRD), adopted in 1983, was an attempt to coordinate development activities and service delivery at the district level. The DFRD has been until recently the key system for the planning, implementation and management of development activities. However, it has been argued that, “the DFRD was a mere dispersal of Central Government control outside the national capital without tangible transfers of powers to make decisions at local level” (Kenya Community Driven Development: Challenges and Opportunities, Report 24688, World Bank, June 27, 2002). As a reaction to the failure of DFRD, there has been a renewed interest in the service delivery capacities of Local Authorities. The Kenya Local Government Reform Programme (KLGRP) is aiming to reverse the decline in Local...
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