...Cri du Chat Cri du chat syndrome is a rare genetic disorder which approximately affects 1 in 20,000 to 50,000 live births. The disease does not depend on ethnic backgrounds, but is most common in the case of women. The disorder gets its name from the typical cry of babies born with this syndrome. The baby sounds like a kitten, because of problems with the nervous system and larynx. The good news is that about 1/3 of kids recover by the age of 2. Negative aspects of this disease may be: * Feeding problems, because they can't suck and swallow well * Low weight at birth and poor evolution * Motor, cognitive, and speech delays * Behavioral problems such as aggression, hyperactivity, and repetitive movements * Uncommon facial traits that can change in time * What is Cri-du-Chat syndrome? The name of this syndrome is French for "cry of the cat," referring to the distinctive cry of children with this disorder. The cry is caused by abnormal larynx development, one of the many symptoms associated with this disorder. It usually becomes less noticeable as the baby gets older, making it difficult for doctors to diagnose cri-du-chat after age two. Cri-du-chat is caused by a deletion (the length of which may vary) on the short arm of chromosome 5. Multiple genes are missing as a result of this deletion, and each may contribute to the symptoms of the disorder. One of the deleted genes known to be involved is TERT (telomerase reverse transcriptase). This gene is...
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...infancy . A majority of individuals with Cat Eye Syndrome have a normal life expectancy with appropriate treatment. Cat eye syndrome was specifically defined in 1965 when researchers reported cases of individuals with similar symptoms. After tests had been performed it was concluded that the defects occurred on chromosome 22 and the name Cat eye syndrome was given. Most of the features implicated with cat eye syndrome involve the eyes, ears, anal region, heart, and kidneys.More specifically, individuals with cat eye syndrome frequently have downwards slanting eyelids, widely spaced eyes, crossed eyes, or one eye noticeably smaller than the other. Because cat eye syndrome affects many different systems of the body, medical management is often provided by a team of doctors and other healthcare professionals. Treatment for this condition varies based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. For example, congenital heart defects; anal atresia; cleft lip and/or palate;...
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...Cri du chat, also known as “Cat’s Cry” syndrome or 5p- (5 p minus) syndrome occurs when there is a deletion in chromosome 5 (Genetics Home Reference). According to the Genetics Home Reference website, most cases of Cri du Chat are not inherited. The deletion occurs randomly during production of reproductive cells or in early development. People with Cri du Chat most often have no familial history of the disease. Only about ten percent of the cases of Cri du Chat are inherited from unaffected parents. Most of the time in this situation, the parent’s chromosome is rearranged. The material is not gained or lost, but is located on different parts of the chromosome. So, when the material is moved to create gametes or chromosomes in a developing...
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...What is High Cholesterol in Cats? High cholesterol, also known as hyperlipidemia, is a lipid metabolic disorder that is characterized by high levels of fatty substances or fat in the bloodstream. After a cat eats a meal, triglycerides and cholesterol are formed from the fats that are consumed. Lipoproteins work to deliver these fats to the various organs in the body for proper body function. Normally these consumed fats raise a cat's cholesterol levels for three to 10 hours after eating. Elevated cholesterol levels more than 12 hours after eating are indicative of high cholesterol. High cholesterol can either be a primary condition or a secondary condition that results from an underlying disorder, such as diabetes mellitus. Prompt care is...
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...Morgan’s Experimental Evidence: Scientific Inquiry * The first solid evidence associating a specific gene with a specific chromosome came from Thomas Hunt Morgan, an embryologist * Morgan’s experiments with fruit flies provided convincing evidence that chromosomes are the location of Mendel’s heritable factors Morgan’s Choice of Experimental Organism * Several characteristics make fruit flies a convenient organism for genetic studies * They produce many offspring * A generation can be bred every two weeks * They have only four pairs of chromosomes * Morgan noted wild type, or normal, phenotypes that were common in the fly populations * Traits alternative to the wild type are called mutant phenotypes Correlating Behavior of a Gene’s Alleles with Behavior of a Chromosome Pair * In one experiment, Morgan mated male flies with white eyes (mutant) with female flies with red eyes (wild type) * The F1 generation all had red eyes * The F2 generation showed the 3:1 red:white eye ratio, but only males had white eyes * Morgan determined that the white-eyed mutant allele must be located on...
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...trisomy, depending upon the addition of chromosomes. These are Patau Syndrome, Edward Syndrome and Down’s syndrome. Children born with trisomy have multiple birth defects, which include poor intellect and delayed milestone....
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...Anthology Teaching students with special needs Fabian Francis 081123090 Mr. A. Solomon Mico University College April 23, 2012 Introduction This anthology seeks to give readers an understanding of various disease and sickness students in a physical education class may suffer from. Time to time it has been a problem for students suffering from the disease, teachers and normal students in the class to react positively in a physical education class. As the motto of the Ministry of Education states that “Every child can learn, every child must learn,” it is the duty of the school and the teachers to make sure students with special ability enjoy the physical education class like the manner of some has. This anthology gives a brief descriptions of the different disease along with a few games that teachers can use in the class to accommodate both students with special needs and the normal students. At the end of this anthology are pictures that will give you an idea of the type of diseases suffered by some students. Definition of Terms Obesity An obese person has accumulated so much body fat that it might have a negative effect on their health. If a person's bodyweight is at least 20% higher than it should be, he or she is considered obese. If your Body Mass Index (BMI) is between 25 and 29.9 you are considered overweight. If your BMI is 30 or over you are considered obese. Autism Autism is a disorder of neural development characterized by impaired social interaction and communication...
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...Narcolepsy is an excessive uncontrollable daytime sleepiness associated with lack of energy. While Cataplexy, on the other hand, is a sudden muscle weakness without losing consciousness, where animals would be able to follow movement with its eyes only while the body is paralyzed. Both of these sleep disorders are commonly found in dogs that may have inherited it. Other time it can be triggered when the dog is excited by a stimulus. Also it can be aroused when petting or with loud noises. Narcolepsy and Cataplexy are conditions that are not curable but are controllable, through maintenance and observation. In the case of cats, they can experience a sleeping disorder known as Hyperthyroidism. It is a result of the overproduction of thyroid hormones, which eventually results in cardiac disease and blood pressure...
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...Human Karyotypes Purpose To examine and prepare human karyotype charts Background The term karyotype refers to a photograph of the chromosomes of a cell at a time when each still consists of two ‘sister’ chromatids attached to each other at their centromeres. To prepare a karyotype chart, scissors are used to cut out each chromosome from an enlarged photo of the karyotype. Chromosome pairs are identified, and then arranged in chart form (figure 1). Numbers or letters have been assigned to specific chromosome pairs. Analysis of karyotype charts is helpful in the study of chromosome abnormalities. Figure 1: A Human Karyotype (left) and Karyotype Chart (right) Special staining techniques can reveal light and dark regions (bands) on the chromosomes. By matching the bands, it is now quite easy to identify specific chromosomes and prepare a karyotype chart (figure 2). Figure 2: A Human Karyotype Chart Using Chromosomes With Simulated Banding Materials * Sample karyotypes | * Scissors | * Unlined paper | * Transparent tape/glue | Procedure Part 1: The structure of a human karyotype chart 1. Carefully examine the human karyotype illustrated in figure 2 (previous page) a) How many rows of chromosomes are in a karyotype chart 4 rows b) Record the total number of chromosomes in the individual. 46 Chromosomes c) How many chromosome pairs are shown? There are 23 pairs shown; 22 somatic and 1 sex chromosome pair. ...
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...differences, under lighting conditions when color vision is not normally impaired. "Color blind" is a term of art; there is no actual blindness but there is a fault in the development of one or more sets of retinal cones that perceive color in light and transmit that information to the optic nerve Muscular dystrophy (MD) is a group of muscle diseasesthat weaken the musculoskeletal system and hamper locomotion.[1][2] Muscular dystrophies are characterized by progressive skeletal muscle weakness, defects in muscle proteins, and the death of muscle cells andtissue.[3] Blood disorders can lead to poor blood clotting and continuous bleeding. The disorders can result from defects in the blood vessels or from abnormalities in the blood itself, such as in blood clotting factors or in platelets. Ichthyosis (plural ichthyoses) is a heterogeneous family of at least 28,[1] generalized, mostly genetic skindisorders. All types of ichthyosis have dry, thickened, scaly or flaky skin.[1] In many types there is cracked skin,[2] which is said to resemble the scales on a fish; the word ichthyosis comes from the Ancient Greek ιχθύς (ichthys), meaning "fish. Fragile X syndrome (FXS), Martin–Bell syndrome, orEscalante's syndrome (more commonly used in South American countries), is a genetic syndrome that is the most commonly known single-gene cause of autism and the most common inherited cause of intellectual disability Turner syndrome or Ullrich-Turner syndrome (also known as "Gonadal...
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...1. Match each of the following innate defense mechanisms with its associated structure or body fluid: _Tears and saliva ----- Lysozyme __Stomach ---- Very acidic pH ____skin --- Sebum and fatty acids ___Low pH, flushing action of urine ___________ Mucociliary escalator ____________ Phagocytes (a) Urogenital tract (b) SKIN (c) Tears and saliva (d) Stomach (e) Lower respiratory tract (f) Bronchial tubes 15 Match the following terms of inflammation to their descriptions: ____________ Pyrogen ____________ Chronic inflammation ____________ Leukocytosis ____________ Acute inflammation ____________ Edema ____________ Bradykinin (a) Small peptide released at injured site that is responsible for pain sensation (b) Short-term inflammation that kills invading microbes, clears tissue debris, and repairs tissue injury (c) Fluid accumulation around injured cells causing swelling (d) Fever-causing substance (e) Long-term inflammation that attempts to destroy and/or confine the region of inflammation (f) Damaged cells release cytokines that trigger the production and infiltration of leukocytes to the inflammation site Chapter 17 There are five classes of antibodies or immunoglobulins. Match the following antibody classes to their descriptions: ____________IgG ____________IgA ____________IgM ____________IgI ____________IgD (a) The “allergy” antibody that attaches to basophils and mast cells with their...
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...to the onset. iii. Continuous signs of the disturbance persist for at least 6 months. This 6-month period must include at least 1 month of symptoms (or less if successfully treated) that meet Criterion A and may include periods of prodromal or residual symptoms. During these prodromal or residual periods, the signs of the disturbance may be manifested by only negative symptoms or two or more symptoms listed in Criterion A present in an attenuated form (e.g., odd beliefs, unusual perceptual experiences). iv. Schizoaffective disorder and mood disorder with psychotic features have been ruled out. The disturbance is not due to the direct physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, a medication) or a general medical condition. v. If there is a history of autistic disorder or another...
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...contract, and carry there is no limits. From dogs and cats to livestock and exotics it is necessary to learn and understand diseases from metabolic to degenerative or idiopathic, Neoplastic diseases and Toxic poisonings, Congenital and Genetic diseases to Immune related diseases, and Infectious and Contagious diseases to Parasitic Infections. There is a world that one can get lost in when it comes to learning about theses things. Some diseases have been around for years while others are still being studied with new ones occurring today in the modern world. Along with these diseases it is important to study and understand what causes them, what signs to look for, what species to look for them in, how to treat them, and how to prevent them from happening, IF you can even prevent them. Some diseases and conditions have vaccines to help with prevention and some do not, while some diseases are zoonotic meaning that they can be transmitted from animal to human. While there are hundreds upon hundreds of diseases to be looked at, the ten researched below are the ones once prevalent among the veterinary technicians job in the clinic; Hip Dysplasia and Ethylene Glycol poisoning in dogs, Hyperthyroidism and Rabies in cats, Strangles and Equine Recurrent Uveitits in Horses, Cryptosporidium and Fasciola Hepatica in Ruminants and Swine, Idiopathic Epilepsy in Aviaries, and Lymphoma in Ferrets. Hip Dysplasia in dogs is a congenial condition caused by a femur that does not fit correctly into the...
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...and crackles on auscultation. Treatment includes anti-inflammatory drugs, bronchodilators and antibiotics but the disease is progressive. 14 DERMATOLOGICAL The Schipperke is at increased risk for two conditions that result in alopecia. Black hair follicular dysplasia has been reported in the Schipperke. 3(768), 4, 6 Affected dogs are born with normal hair coat but show coat changes by 4 weeks of age when the black hairs loose luster and begin to fall out. Hair loss is due to shaft fracture with scaliness occurring in the involved areas. Total alopecia usually is complete by 6 to 9 months of age. It is believed to be inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. Color dilution alopecia has also been reported in the breed. 3(768), 4, 6 Hair loss is again due to shaft fracture but clinical signs do not usually appear until after 6 months of age and may not appear until the dog is 2 to 3 years old. Hair loss begins on the dorsum with a recurrent folliculitis. Since this condition only appears is dogs with dilute black or brown coats, it would only appear in the blue Schipperke, a rare dog in the United States as the color is not permitted in the show ring. VetGen offers a direct DNA test for coat color gene variations in the Schipperke. Congenital hypotrichosis, a condition in which the affected dog is born without hair or looses its coat shortly after birth, has been listed as occurring in the Schipperke. 4 The Schipperke is predisposed for allergic inhalant dermatitis...
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...requirements for the Master of Science in Health and Human Performance With concentration in Sport Administration April 2013 Abstract The purpose of this study is to determine if college athletes that are predisposed to heart defects develop a heart defect during their athletic career. The researcher will conduct a causal comparative study to prove that college athletes that are predisposed to heart defects develop one during their athletic career. The study will examine college athletes that are predisposed to heart defects and do not realize they are at risk for possible development of a heart defect during their athletic career. Knowing an athlete’s family and medical history could help prevent a great deal of possible health conditions. Athletes have a higher risk of developing a higher risk if they are predisposed. There are athletes that do not realize that they are predisposed to heart defects and that they could develop one. Table of Contents Introduction 5 Background 5 Theoretical Framework 6 Statement of the problem. 6 Research question. 6 Purpose for the study. 7 Significance 7 Limitations of the Study 7 Definitions of Terms 8 Arrhythmias 8 Athletic Career 8 Electrocardiogram 8 Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: 8 Sudden Cardiac Death: 8 Review of Related Literature 9 What is causing the sudden death of young athletes? 9 Successful Prevention 10 Role of NCAA 11 Summary 12 Methodology 13 Design 13 Setting and Participants...
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