...The Department of Health and Human Services (2000), defines health disparities as unequal burdens in disease morbidity and mortality rates experienced by ethnic/racial groups as compared to the dominant group (USDHHS, 2000). The organization asserts that the causes of health disparities are multifactorial which includes poor education, poverty, inability to access health care, limited health coverage ,health behaviors of the minority group, and other environmental factors (USDHHS, 2000). Most of these factors are related to access to health care. According to Cohen (2007), the elimination of health disparities requires attention to the physical, mental, social as well as political context in which health occurs or is threatened...
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...Health disparities are avertible divergences in the burden of disease, injury, violence, or opportunities to resolve optimal health that are experienced by socially disadvantaged populations (CDC.gov). African Americans, Hispanics, Native Americans, and Asian Pacific Islander, together with immigrants, the poor, and mentally retarded, have encountered inordinate burdens in health and health care mirrored by high morbidity and fatality rates. Origins of these health disparities include poverty (inadequate financial resources), poor education, health behaviors of the minority group and environmental factors. The most frequently disclosed are seen in cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. There has consistently been existing resolutions....
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...Introduction Despite all the approaches, disparities still exist as one of the major concerns in health and health care today. We made a little progress comparing to the years before in addressing this issue. In addition, the Affordable Care Act offer opportunities to tackle this issue vigorously. I firmly believe that it will be a much bigger issue if we do not eliminate the disparities now it will be very challenging when the US population becomes much more diverse. However, this policy memo addresses this particular issue, summarizes the causes or issues known about health and health care disparities, and provides recommendations and approaches to confront it. Causes Healthcare disparities are references to the differences that exist...
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...Racial Disparities in the U.S. Prison Population: Causes, Effects and Remedies Michael C. Pugh Bethel University Introduction America’s war on drugs has contributed to a steady influx of non-violent offenders into the nation’s judicial system for over thirty years. Many of these inmates are serving long sentences with rigid probation and parole policies that many believe are designed as a set-up for failure and re-offense. The result of this influx of offenders is a growing racial disparity, as shown by Bobo & Thompson: In 2004. for example, black males constituted 43.3 percent of those incarcerated in state, federal, and local prisons or jails, though only 13 percent of the total population. Whites on the other hand represented 35.7 percent of the male inmate population in 2004, well under their 75 percent of the total male population (Bobo & Thompson, 2006). (p. 451) This ballooning disparity has become a trend of increasing concern among proponents of racial equality. Many view this trend as another cog in the wheel of covert institutional racism, even labeling it “The New Jim Crow”. Among the men and women of color now residing in U.S. prisons are the potential business owners, educators and leaders of communities that sorely need them. Immediate and results-oriented attention to the racial disparity in U.S. prisons will do much to repair the damaged, needful communities of color throughout the country. BLACK CRIME: CRIMINAL OR CULTURAL? “Black...
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...CJA 423 week 1 Assignment Disparity and Discrimination Get Tutorial by Clicking on the link below or Copy Paste Link in Your Browser https://hwguiders.com/downloads/cja-423-week-1-assignment-disparity-discrimination/ For More Courses and Exams use this form ( http://hwguiders.com/contact-us/ ) Feel Free to Search your Class through Our Product Categories or From Our Search Bar (http://hwguiders.com/ ) Every day in life there’s Discrimination. Depending on the situations discrimination could be portrayed to as an intentional discrimination or a form of disparity. Hatred, violence, strong emotions and feelings is a worldwide issue that is cause by Disparity. Both terms have similarities and difference that will be explained further. “Disparity and discrimination are sometimes confusing and can cause heated debates concerning if discrimination exists in the criminal justice system. Discrimination comes in many forms and has seriousness levels. Disparity refers to a difference but does not always involve discrimination. To determine if discrimination exists in the criminal justice system or if the differences are a result of disparity one must fully understand the key differences between disparity and discrimination” (Williams, 2009, p. 1). TO Download Complete Tutorial Hit Purchase Button CJA 423 week 1 Assignment Disparity and Discrimination Get Tutorial by Clicking on the link below or Copy Paste Link in Your Browser https://hwguiders.com/download...
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...Reducing health disparities has been one of the challenges to the United Sate Care State. First of all it order to reduce disparities in health care one should not forget the fact that disparities does exist, and then work on to figure out how to reduce it and what are causes behind these. Health care organizations must first understand where disparities exist, the magnitude of the disparities, and why these disparities are occurring within their patient population. There have many federal, state or local policies and programs that have been instituted to help reduce health disparities within the U.S. An important product of the NPA is the National Stakeholder Strategy (NSS), which was released in 2011. In 2008, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services’ Office of Minority Health (OMH) established the National Partnership for Action to End Health Disparities (NPA), a “comprehensive, community-driven and sustainable” approach to reducing health disparities nationwide (CITATION...
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...Disparity and Discrimination Essay This paper will compare and contrast disparity and discrimination as they relate to the criminal justice system. The discussion will be supported with examples from law enforcement practices, court procedures, corrections populations. When you first look at discrimination and disparity one may believe they were similar but that is further from the truth. When people see a great number of blacks or Hispanics arrested for many drug related incidents it may seen discrimination had a lot to do with it whether it occur at the start of an arrest, during the justice procedure, or during the sentencing process. Although it seem very easy to come to that conclusion; it is vital that people have a receptive mine and look further for the reason of disparity instead of believing what they see from the exterior. The way to find out whether the case is disparity or discriminating is to investigate the whole case from the beginning to the end, and along with examination the population of that particular town. Maybe the truth will be revealed, do the justice system contribute or intentional discriminate or is it disparity without any form discrimination. The defining of disparity according to Schrantz and McElary (2000), racial disparity in the criminal justice system exists when the proportion of a racial/ethnic group within the control of the system is greater than the proportion of such groups in the general population. There are many cause of...
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...An In-Depth Examination of Racial Disparity from Arrest to Incarceration ENG 122 English Composition II Prof. Ashton Schwarz September 13, 2014 An In-Depth Examination of Racial Disparity from Arrest to Incarceration The disparate number of minorities in prison populations is a concern for many who believe this disproportion is due to a systematic bias in the judicial system. While many factors may contribute to this overwhelming discrepancy, I contend that the disparate number of minority populations in prison is an accurate portrayal of how crime is committed in the United States. In order to understand the cause of this disparity, I will delve into the arrest rates and sentencing statistics that attempt to show why minorities are incarcerated at a higher rate, and why they're incarcerated for longer periods of time, than their white counterpart. These two focal points, arrest rates and sentencing statistics, I believe, are the best for gathering data, considering it is where the justice system both begins and ends. Though many may think that there is a racial bias concerning the disparate number of minorities in prison working against minorities, an article entitled, “Are Blacks and Hispanics Disproportionately Incarcerated Relative to Their Arrests?” provides impressive data to oppose this claim. This article boasts being one of the first studies to include the Hispanic ethnicity in their data, which other studies omitted from, or never incorporated into, their...
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...Health Disparities in the African American Cultures Grand Canyon University February 14, 2016 Health Disparities in the African American Culture Health care disparities affect every group of ethnic minorities. These groups include African Americans, Hispanics/Latinos, Asian Americans, Pacific Islanders, Native Hawaiian, American Indian/Alaskan Natives or multiracial people. Racial and ethnic disparities are one of the many factors that produce inequalities in the health status of an individual in the United States. Whether it is caused by the quality of care, assess to care or insurance coverage. All cause problems for these cultures. In the 2000 census, 36.4 million persons, approximately 12.9% of the U.S. population, identified themselves as Black or African American; 35.4 million of these persons identified themselves as non-Hispanic (cdc, 2012). In 2007, the U.S. Census Bureau estimated that the United States had almost 38.8 million Black or African American (12.9% of the U.S. population); more than 45.5 million Hispanics or Latinos (15.1%); almost 13.4 million Asians (4.4%); more than 0.5 million Native Hawaiians or Other Pacific Islanders (NHOPIs) (0.2%) and more than 2.9 million American Indians and Alaskan Natives (AI/ANS) (1.0%) of whom 57% reside on federal trust lands (archive. ahrq,2014). African Americans by both censuses only make up 12.9% of the U.S. population but suffer ethnic and racial disparities at a high rate. This may be due to the lack of...
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...Investing in healthcare disparities and solutions. INTRO- Healthcare disparities continue to be a major problem in our present-day society, creating uncertainty about access to necessary services and health outcomes. This essay aims to analyze the complicated structure of healthcare disparities while shining a light on the approach to universally fair healthcare outcomes and access. This essay will explore the complicated link between healthcare disparities and how factors such as socioeconomic status, race, location, and differences in cultures affect health outcomes and unequal access to medical treatment. This essay does this by drawing on the information offered by numerous studies. It will address the root causes of healthcare inequality...
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...There is no hiding the fact that both disparity and discrimination are alive and well in the criminal justice field. When reading the words disparity and discrimination, at first glance one might think of them being the same. When we take a closer look at the two the definitions when it pertains to the criminal justice system, they become quite different. It is an important task to identify the two definitions in the criminal justice system, and have an open mind to the cause of disparity rather than to assume discrimination. The first thing we must do is define both disparity and discrimination. Disparity is defined as lack of similarity or equality toward a group of people. For example if someone was to make the statement, a prison population that holds 100 inmates, out of those 100 inmates 75% of them where black inmates. One would quickly come to the conclusion that the justice system in this area is creating disparity of treatment towards the black population. But in actuality this is not the case. The area that the population was pulled from was an area that was predominantly black. This example would be the case of disparity not discrimination. Disparity is not necessarily a choice; it’s what is in the focus area. One area in south may be harsher on burglaries and more lenient on drug related crimes. But on the surface in that area, more black people may be committing more drug related crimes. So it would appear that the courts are sentencing more time toward...
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...HEALTH DISPARITIES Health disparity is defined as inequality in health or the gaps in the quality of health care across races, ethnic and socioeconomic groups. Health disparities can also be defined as the significant differences between one population and another. The Minority Health and Health Disparities Research and Education Act of 2000 describe these disparities as differences in the overall rate of disease incidence, prevalence, morbidity, mortality or survival rates. Disparity in health is significant among some income, racial, and ethnic groups in America and is still expanding. Many Americans are in poor health and do not receive the best medical care. While these problems affect people of all groups, the challenges are especially acute for racial and ethnic minorities. When there is element of racism, poverty, and problematic community environment converge greater overall threats to health develop. The most powerful causes of health and health disparity are social and economic determinants or the community conditions for health. There are many reasons why disparities in access to of health care exist in our society. A lot of low income people in America cannot afford health insurance and as such they neglect their health. Some people cannot afford money to buy medication. Because these people did not have insurance they lack a regular source of care. African Americans compared to white minority groups are less likely to seek medical care...
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...Economic Disparity Assignment Topic | Australia | Lesotho | Life expectancy at birth (years) | 81.9 | 45.9 | Internet users per 100 people | 70.8 | 3.6 | GDP per capita ($US) | $40,286 | $1,605 | Inequality-adjusted income index | 0.720 | 0.234 | Death of women per 100,000 live births | 4 | 960 | Protected areas (%) | 10.5 | 0.5 | Homicide Rate (per 100,000) | 1.2 | 36.7 | HDI value | 0.937 | 0.427 | By comparing Australia and Lesotho, it is easy to determine which of the two the developed country is and which is the developing. It is very noticeable that there is a significant difference in the two countries. You can see this in the GDP per capita, the life expectancy at birth, and as well the death of women while pregnant and as well the number of internet users per 100 people. Seeing the huge difference in GDP per capita ($US) indicates how rich the country is. Basically everything depends on the GDP per capita. For instance, health, technology and standard of living. Seeing that Australia has a relatively high GDP per capita, being $40,286, it shows that Australia has a high standard of living and can provide all the basic necessities to the population where as in Lesotho; the GDP per capita is $ 1,605. Lesotho has a weak GDP and therefore indicates that there is not enough money to provide the population with the basics to sustain life. The life expectancy at birth is significantly different between Australia and Lesotho. Being measured in years...
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...of large spatial disparities in unemployment within national economies is a central issue in regional economics. Explanations that exist within the literature for why regional unemployment disparities have been so much more persistent over time in the EU than in the US can be broadly separated to the hysteresis and equilibrium arguments. Before illustrating the analysis and strength of these arguments it is important to ascertain the scale of persistent unemployment disparities across EU regions and U.S states, and why this may be a cause for concern. Regional disparities in unemployment rates are dramatically significant in Europe. In 2001, the average unemployment rate in the EU was 7.8%, but it ranged from 1.7% in Berkshire (UK) to 24.9% in Calabria (Italy).[1] These disparities are present even within single countries, where the range of unemployment rates is much higher than in the US. Disparities in European regional unemployment rates are also extremely persistent. In the US the correlation between regional unemployment rates between 1997-2004 is only 0.3, indicating that over two-thirds of any regional unemployment problem is solved over that period. In Europe, however, the correlation averages 0.83, suggesting that very little adjustment takes place. (Figure 1 in Appendix)[2] This is not a recent phenomena but persistence appears to have been the main feature of behaviour of regional unemployment disparities in European regions...
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...Latangela Stewart SOC -358: Health Disparity Paper 2 April 23, 2013 How Can Diabetes In Low Income African Communities Be Resolved It’s hard to fathom the affects that diabetes has taken in our low income African American communities. Now we have to look at what we can do and have done to help the people who are a part of this health disparity overcome this socioeconomic tragedy. We first have to look at clinical barriers which play a large role on how physicians are interacting with their patients. Even though there are the sociocultural differences between the patient and the provider we have to look at the fact that they both have different health and medical beliefs. With that being known that is where the level of trust has to be obtained. Due to sociocultural difference the physician’s knowledge of the needs of their patients has to be well rationalized. There is an obvious and direct link between these structural barriers and quality of care that remains a fertile area for intervention (Betancourt, Green, Carrillo, & Anaheh-Firempong, 2003). With the racial disparities in the U.S. health care system, there has to be many ways that this health disparity can be prevented. Many low income families feel that they receive the shorter end of the stick when it comes to good decent healthcare. Socioeconomic has it many disadvantages and advantage and what it meant by that is when you are living in a poor rural area; you more likely to be less educated or unhealthy, which...
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