...Good Governance 1. INTRODUCTION: Governance implies control, direction, and rule with authority or administers laws to govern a system to achieve certain objectives. Good Governance implies running administration according to the defined laws to achieve the objective of promoting the welfare of the people in a democratic oriented order. Bad governance means departing from the norms of laws and subjecting system of administration to whims, idiosyncrasies of the rulers to achieve certain ulterior motives at the cost of national interests. The hallmark of great nations is that they learn from their past experience to become wiser in conducting their current and future affairs. Another distinctive feature of such nations is that they try to understand the emerging long-term trends to identify new challenges, and plan for the future so as to take maximum advantage of the opportunities and avoid the pitfalls that may lie ahead. On the other hand, the nations on the trajectory of decay and ultimate oblivion neither learn from the past nor have the inclination to look ahead into the future to plan for their security, progress and welfare. All it lacks in the context of Pakistan; socially, economically and politically as well. In the words of Mahbbub-ul-Haq, ‘Crisis in Governance’, “Human Development Report in South Asia”: “Governance is the exercise of political, economic and administrative authority to manage the resources of a country. It is always based upon certain rules...
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...Low Employee Productivity Course Project Outline GM 591 Leadership and Organizational Low Employee Productivity Course Project Outline I. Introduction The Housing Authority was created to provide safe and sanitary housing for low income families. The position of an area clerk is to provide administrative support to the property manager and maintenance staff so that their focus would be on the development and the residents. The lack of maintenance professions motivation and effort to complete work assignments efficiently has caused issues in our developments. Public housing was established through the U.S. Housing Act of 1937 to provide decent and safe rental housing for eligible low-income families, the elderly, and persons with disabilities. Public housing comes in all sizes and types, from scattered single family houses to high-rise apartments for elderly families. There are approximately 1.3 million households living in public housing units, managed by some 3,300 HAs. The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) administers Federal aid to local housing agencies (HAs) that manage the housing for low-income residents at rents they can afford. HUD furnishes technical and professional assistance in planning, developing and managing these developments. II. How can we motivate our Maintenance professionals? Maintenance professionals are not completing their assignments efficiently. They are not organized and detailed when handing in work orders...
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...Poverty Reduction Strategy and Poverty Monitoring: Philippine Case Study By Celia M. Reyes and Lani E. Valencia* I. Introduction The overarching goal of development efforts is the improvement in the quality of life of the people. The Philippines is no exception. Being one of the nations who participated in the Millenium Summit in September 2000, it has committed to achieve 48 targets including eradication of poverty. In addition to international commitments, the Philippines has been working toward poverty reduction for decades. It has even included targets on human development and poverty reduction in its medium-term development plans. The growing consensus is towards a comprehensive approach to poverty reduction. Rapid and sustained economic growth is needed to improve the quality of life of the population; at the same time targeted interventions aimed at reducing poverty are needed to reach the very poor and marginalized sectors of the economy. With poverty reduction as main goal of the government, the demand for poverty statistics has become more important. Several poverty monitoring systems are being conducted both at the national and community level providing income and non-income based measures of poverty. These have become the basis for social and economic development plans and programs of national and local governments. The objectives of this paper are to examine the poverty situation in the Philippines and to assess the country’s poverty reduction strategy and policy...
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...2000, 189 world leaders signed a Millennium Declaration. The leaders set 2015 as the deadline for achieving the set MDGs. There has been a mixed result of the progress towards attaining these goals. One of the major achievements has been achieved is that there has been a major reduction of people living in extreme poverty. Accordingly, the proportion of poverty fell to less than one fifth from nearly a third between 1990 and 2004. However, the results are not consistent throughout the world. For instance, the sub-Saharan Africa has not been able to meet any of the set targets. On the contrary, there has been a significant economic growth in some parts of Asia, especially, the Eastern part. The following is a summary of the progress that has been made so far based on the 2007 Millennium Goals Report. Extreme Poverty The percentage of people living in extreme poverty fell to 19% in 2004 from nearly a third in 2004. If this trend can continue for a long time, there is likelihood that the MDG will meet its target of halving those living on less than 1 dollar per day. As already noted, the progress towards this goal has been inconsistent throughout the world. Indeed, most of the progress in poverty reduction is attributed to the economic gains in East and Southeast Asia. The sub-Saharan Africa remains the poorest region with most people living on less than one dollar in a day. There is no equal distribution of resources in developing nations, and this hinders the attainment of the...
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...2.4. Total number of children in the family 2.5. Total number of class attendance 2. What is the socio-economic status of the respondents? 3.6. Main source of livelihood of the parents 3.7. Monthly income of the parents 3. Is there a difference between the average of class attendance among pupils who are 4P’s recipients and the non- 4P’s recipients? 4. Is there a difference between the academic performance of the pupils who are recipients of 4P’s program and not recipients of the 4P’s program? 5. Is there a significant relationship between 4P’s recipients and not 4P’s recipients to their academic performance? Review of Related Literature Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) 4Ps is a poverty reduction strategy that provides grants to extremely poor households to improve their health, nutrition and education particularly of children aged 0-14. It has dual objectives namely; Social Assistance – to provide cash assistance to the poor, to alleviate their needs (short term poverty alleviation) and Social Development – to break the intergenerational cycle of poverty through investments in human capital (nutrition, health and education. 4Ps is patterned after the successful Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Programs in Latin America and Africa. CCT has been cited as one of the key factors behind the positive socio-economic outcomes achieved by...
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...Sarah Fisher MSN News Pope’s immigration message draws praise, criticism from advocacy groups 9/24/2015 Summary: On Thursday Pope Francis spoke before the entire Congress to talk about the current overwhelming immigration crisis, but law makers doubt that the pontiffs speak will have a long term effect on policy regarding the asylum seekers. The pope is also seeking a serious change in the tone of the presidential debate, specifically in the case of Donald Trump, who’s known for his extreme anti-immigration comments. The pope isn’t looking for immigration reform in the sense that he wants a new want to give the 11 million illegal aliens living in the states a better way to citizenship; more that he’s calling for unlimited immigration for the asylum seekers from the Middle East. Once they come to the United States they will have to go through the same citizenship process as everyone else. Congress is run by Republicans who are primarily in favor of toughening up immigration laws and have increased deportations of illegal immigrants. However, President Obama has taken serious action to ensure that children born in the United States to illegal immigrants receive citizenship and are educated. He’s also made it so that people who came to America illegally as children can apply for citizenship and for working permits, the same applies to illegal parents of citizens living in America. Lynn Tramonte, a representative from America’s Voice, said that the efforts to aid the asylum seekers...
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...The Mission- A Review History of Christian Missions CHHI657 B01 201220 The Mission a film directed by Roland Joffe, recounts the tales of the Guarani Indians of Paraguay. In the paragraphs that follow we will look through the lens of the film and reflect on missions in the context of the colonial expansion that was taking place. Secondly the mission strategy of the Jesuits will be un-wrapped. Lastly it will be noted the attention to culture and the challenges of the work which goes hand in hand with the over all strategy. The film brings this time in history to life and paints a beautiful picture in the mind of the viewer of what took place. The whole encounter with the Guarani Indians was set in motion long before anyone outside of Paraguay knew they existed. The Spanish and Portuguese sought new lands in Central and South America. As they quested after these lands three things took place conquest, settlement, and evangelization[1]. The peoples of these lands were then subjects under the dominion of Christian Kings to whom the Pope had given sovereignty. Columbus took his first voyage in 1492, and by1515 the occupation of the West Indies was complete. With every expedition or quest and conquest came friars and priests. A good portion of the work was done by the Franciscans and the Dominicans, and later the Jesuits. The most notable for the Jesuits was Paraguay. In the beginning the work of the Jesuits suffered a lot from the hostility of the colonists. The colonists...
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...Why do Poverty Reduction Programmes tend not to work out as intended? Discuss in relation to either i) states or ii) civil society organisations (NGOs or social movements or both). Introduction Mass poverty is the single most important economic and social issue on our planet today (Downer, 1997). ‘Poverty’ is a multidimensional concept involving the inability of people to meet their economic, social and other standards of well-being (OECD, 2001). Over the years a number of institutional approaches have been used to ensure the eradication of poverty from the society (Sarker and Rahman, 2006). One of these efforts is through a poverty reduction strategy. According to Barder (2009) ‘Poverty reduction’ is often described as the promotion of economic growth that will permanently lift as many people as possible over the poverty line. This line is defined as ‘the income levels below which people are defined as poor’ (World Banks, 2004). However, making poverty reduction strategies work has proven a much bigger challenge regardless of the fact that many efforts have been made towards alleviating it. Downer (1997) argues that the provision of opportunity for people to meet their basic needs has become the greatest challenge to most countries. Why then do poverty reduction programmes tend not to work out as intended? Pellissery (2005) points out that in developing economies, public authorities who are responsible for designing and implementing anti-poverty interventions are not sufficiently...
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...2012 Assignment 1 Research Title: Microcredit and Poverty Eradication; a further investigation in Village Tajpur, Bangladesh: A case study approach. Background of the research: Microfinance has emerged in 70s and officially displayed in 1981 through the establishment of Grameen Bank (GB) by noble laureate Muhammad Yunus in Bangladesh, a south-east Asian country (Grameen-info, 2011). In last three decades, more than 100 countries have adopted microfinance for socio-economic development through reducing poverty (Money, 2011). Microfinance is the combination of three domains of financial support—micro-insurance, micro-savings and microcredit where the third one is initially provided to poor for poverty reduction. In recent years, the theory has been controversial tremendously. The prime minister of Bangladesh, sheikh Hasina viewed that Microcredit has been proved completely unable to reduce poverty even it is sucking the blood of the poor (NY times, 2011). Another scholar, the professor of Manchester University Hulme, (2007) viewed that microcredit even could not scratch the surface of the poverty. The report of World Bank, (2005) also supports the view of above scholars that 124 million people in the world live under $1.25 each day where group of poor is defined as extreme poor. In Bangladesh, the founder country of microfinance, still 40% people are that of...
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...Task Research and analyse debates on the current 'war against drugs' and its success or otherwise, globally and/or locally. Explain the debate and present an argument, supported by evidence, for either the continuation of a 'war against drugs' or for an alternative. Introduction The use of prohibited drugs has been predominant in Western society since the 19th century, with cannabis introduced to the United States in 1839, while opium was introduced to Europe and the United States through trade with China. These drugs were initially used for pharmaceutical benefits, but over time various legislatures introduced laws to administer, regulate and prohibit the use of various drugs. The declaration of ‘war on drugs’ took place in the United States of America (USA) in 1971. The historical response to the ‘war on drugs’ has been prohibition: the complete banning of drug use. This approach, which involves strict enforcement of illegal drug laws, has proven costly and ineffective (RCAP & RANZCP, 2004). This essay will focus on Australia’s current drug debate regarding the legalisation of certain prohibited illicit drugs. Whilst examining the Australian position, this essay will use international examples to illustrate how the current strategy fails and survey workable solutions. Firstly, this work examines the historical position of the ‘war on drugs’. It will outline the history of drug use in Australia and the nation’s current drug policy. This essay will then discuss the criminal...
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...Oeriew International cooperation at a crossroads Aid, trade and security in an unequal world Every hour more than 1,200 children die away from the glare of media attention The year 2004 ended with an event that demonstrated the destructive power of nature and the regenerative power of human compassion. The tsunami that swept across the Indian Ocean left some 300,000 people dead. Millions more were left homeless. Within days of the tsunami, one of the worst natural disasters in recent history had given rise to the world’s greatest international relief effort, showing what can be achieved through global solidarity when the international community commits itself to a great endeavour. The tsunami was a highly visible, unpredictable and largely unpreventable tragedy. Other tragedies are less visible, monotonously predictable and readily preventable. Every hour more than 1,200 children die away from the glare of media attention. This is equivalent to three tsunamis a month, every month, hitting the world’s most vulnerable citizens—its children. The causes of death will vary, but the overwhelming majority can be traced to a single pathology: poverty. Unlike the tsunami, that pathology is preventable. With today’s technology, financial resources and accumulated knowledge, the world has the capacity to overcome extreme deprivation. Yet as an international community we allow poverty to destroy lives on a scale that dwarfs the impact of the tsunami. Five years ago, at the start...
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...RUNNING HEAD: CARE International (UK) Effective Website Vanansio Samson PA 572 Keller Graduate School of Management Professor James Bridges January 27, 2013 CARE International (UK). Table of Content I. INTRODUCTION---------------------------------------------------------------------------3 II. NAME AND EFFECTIVENESS OF WEBSITES------------------------------------3 III. THE FOUR P’S OF MARKETING-----------------------------------------------------5 IV. FINAL THOUGHTS------------------------------------------------------------------------9 REFERENCES----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------10 I. Introduction CARE fights poverty and injustice in 87 countries around the world to help the world’s poorest people find routes out of poverty. CARE also delivers emergency aid to survivors of war and natural disasters, and helps people rebuild their lives in the aftermath. CARE’s mission is to create lasting change in poor communities and put money where it is needed most. II. Name and Effectiveness of Websites Care International (UK) Website is www.careinternational.org.uk CARE International ranks seventh among 100 non-government organisations, according to the Top 100 NGOs list of the Global Journal. CARE was also globally ranked second among NGOs involved in humanitarian relief work. A) Accountability is about ensuring and improving the quality of their work, by being honest about what has...
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...According to the ASPS, over seven point four million people had plastic surgery performed during 2010. Many people want to get plastic surgery to be more beautiful, especially young women. The world has an image of “perfect,” for example, the models who have the “phenomenal” look by getting plastic surgery to be “perfect.” Girls often say,”I want to have lips like Angelina Jolie and I want Tyra Banks’ body.” Girls are willing to do anything to have the perfect face, the perfect bust, and the perfect body. Plastic surgery should be free of restrictions for personal reasons, health reasons, and to correct deformities. Personal cosmetic surgery should not be looked as “fake.” I had interviewed an eighteen year old girl Aly, who very soon would like to get her bust done. I had asked her,” Why do you need a boob job? You have a decent size bust.” She responded with,” I want a boob job because, even though I have a decent size bust, the laws of gravity has worked its ways on me. I hit puberty when I was in sixth grade, and my body started changing. By the end of my sixth grade year I was a full C cup. Now, after so many years, they have drooped quite a bit. One day my grandmother noticed, she said,’ Oh my god! mija! Why are your boobs so droopy?’ I did not understand what she was talking about, until she had explained to me that hers are not as nearly droopy as mine. She is quite older then me, and she had nursed three children. Since then, I have been adamant about getting a breast...
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...The book, Saint Francis Solano, by Mary F. Windeatt, tells the uplifting story of St. Francis Solano’s life from his decision to become a priest to his last words as wonder-worker of the New World and apostle of Argentina and Peru. Born of a wealthy family, he was capable and well educated. He was also very fortunate to have a happy and holy upbringing into a good and virtuous child. Ever since he was a little boy, he longed to be a priest and a missionary. St. Francis Solano’s great missionary accomplishments were truly shaped by his obedience, intelligence, musical talent and trust in God. St. Francis Solano was always obedient to his superiors as a young adult and as a priest. When he was a young man, by his superiors’ decision, he completed the whole course at Montilla’s Jesuit College without complaining, even though he wished to become a Franciscan Friar sooner. At the time he was a friar longing to be a missionary in Africa, he was assigned the position of choir master by Father Guardian. Though it wasn’t the job he wanted, he cheerfully did his best and made the best choir the community ever had. Later, as a vigorous Franciscan missionary in Tucuman, Argentina, he was very happy and zealous in converting the Indians. But soon his accomplishments reached the Commissionary General one thousand, four hundred miles away in Lima, who then appointed him to be the Custos of all of Tucuman. Our missionary saint however, disliked being in a position of authority, but...
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...Development’ is a concept which is contested both theoretically and politically, and is inherently both complex and ambiguous ... ... Recently [it] has taken on the limited meaning of the practice of development agencies, especially in aiming at reducing pov- erty and the Millennium Development Goals. (Thomas, 2004: 1, 2) The vision of the liberation of people and peoples, which animated development practice in the 1950s and 1960s has thus been replaced by a vision of the liberaliza- tion of economies. The goal of structural transformation has been replaced with the goal of spatial integration.... ... The dynamics of long-term transformations of econ- omies and societies [has] slipped from view and attention was placed on short-term growth and re-establishing fi nancial balances. The shift to ahistorical performance assessment can be interpreted as a form of the post-modernization of development policy analysis. (Gore, 2000: 794–5) Post-modern approaches... see [poverty and development] as socially constructed and embedded within certain economic epistemes which value some assets over others. By revealing the situatedness of such interpretations of economy and pov- erty, post-modern approaches look for alternative value systems so that the poor are not stigmatized and their spiritual and cultural ‘assets’ are recognized. (Hickey and Mohan, 2003: 38) One of the confusions, common through development literature is between devel- opment as immanent...
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