...Cerebral Palsy Diagnosing Cerebral Palsy (CP), is the most common disability affecting function in children. It is described by a loss of control of coordination and muscle movements. Cerebral Palsy affects the child’s abilities such as learning, speaking, and become independent, so the effect can last through the child’s life-time. Trying to reduce the effects of Cerebral Palsy can improve the aspects of life for both the child and family. Cerebral Palsy is caused by a neurological condition ( problems in the brain and the nervous system). Specifically, it is caused by a problem in the part that is responsible for controlling muscles in the brain (1). Early age diagnosing for Cerebral Palsy is necessary, and it can take several steps: developmental monitoring, developmental screening, and developmental and medical evaluations (2). The first step of diagnosing Cerebral Palsy is developmental monitoring ( surveillance) which means to track a child’s growth and development over time. The doctor monitors the child’s...
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...Cerebral palsy (CP) is a term that encompasses a group of non-progressive syndromes of posture and motor problems next to lesions in the brain from early development (Appleton & Gupta, 2001). This disorder is caused by disturbances to the fetal or infant central nervous system (Jones, Morgan, Shelton, & Thorogood, 2007). There are two types of cerebral palsy, spastic and non spastic (Jones, Morgan, Shelton, & Thorogood, 2007). CP has a variety of signs and symptoms that coincide with other neurodegenerative disorders. The clinical signs of cerebral palsy are the following: muscle tone abnormalities, impaired motor coordination and control, dysarthria, and fine motor dysfunction. In some cases these are associated with cognitive impairment (Jones,...
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...Keith Within this portfolio I will be focusing on a nine year old boy called Keith, he lives with his 55 year old mother Michelle and her partner Billy who is 60, along with his two older brothers, Richard who is 14 and Robert who is 11. The school which he attends is specialised for children who suffer from physical disabilities. Keith suffers from cerebral palsy; this has resulted in spasticity in all four of his limbs along with high muscle and postural tone, resulting in him finding it difficult to participate in all of the activities which his peers usually carry out. In terms of his intellectual abilities, he is a bright young man who is motivated to do well in his education, however he is thought to have a mild learning disability. This can cause problems as whenever he has to exert more effort into tasks, his muscle tone tends to increase. At present his personal care routine could require some assistance, although he can dress himself independently, he requires assistance to manage the fastenings on his clothes, this also applies when he goes to the toilet. He can transfer himself independently providing the seat has two sturdy arms to guide him with. He currently uses a walking frame which is on wheels, however this is causing concern now as it is becoming much more unsteady, he attends physiotherapy in order to maintain joint range of movement and flexibility and to monitor his spine. In order to maintain his mobility, it will require an increased...
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...Wright, writes, “Mercury is unimaginably toxic and dangerous. A single drop on a human hand can be irreversibly fatal. A single drop in a large lake can make all the fish in it unsafe to eat.” This was the opening statement in the article which first grabbed my attention, because I had not thought mercury to be such a deadly substance. After all, it is used in thermometers, so I hadn’t thought it to be as fatally toxic as Wright claims it to be. The people with the most risk of damage by mercury are unborn fetuses and children. Studies seem to show that the metal has the most negative effect on the developing brain, opposed to the mature adult brain. Some scientists speculate mercury could be the cause of autism, mental retardation, cerebral palsy, and Parkinson’s disease, amongst others. I don’t know how accurate or credible these studies are though. Throughout the article Wright states that no one is sure how little mercury can be ingested before the human body shows signs of poisoning. What scientists do know is the amount of mercury the human body cannot ingest. They found this out due to accidental ingestions of various people throughout the world. The article mainly focuses on two types of mercury: methylmercury, which is found in most of the fish, and other seafood’s we eat, and alloys,...
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...Annotated Bibliography Ko, M. S., Lee, J. A., Kang, S. Y., & Jeon, H. S. (2014). Effect of Adeli suit treatment on gait in a child with cerebral palsy: a single-subject report. Physiotherapy theory and practice, 31(4), 275-282. The authors of this research study are registered physical therapists, and three of the authors, Lee, Kang, and Jeon, have received higher-level degrees. Also, the study is published in the International Journal of Physiotherapy, which prints reputable peer-reviewed research articles. The main purpose of this study is clearly stated at the beginning, which reads, “the purpose of this study is to investigate the long-term effect of Adeli suit treatment in a child with cerebral palsy”. Therefore, the experimenters analyzed...
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...Living With Cerebral Palsy, Teen INTRODUCTION Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of nervous system disorders. CP can cause abnormal movements, abnormal body positions, and poor balance. CP affects everyone in different ways. HOW CAN CEREBRAL PALSY AFFECT ME? The main difficulties associated with CP are related to actions that involve the muscles (motor skills) and coordination. The main problems caused by CP include: • Problems controlling the muscles. You may have: ○ Muscle shaking that you cannot control (tremors). ○ Muscle tightening that you cannot control (spasms). ○ Muscle weakness. • Problems with the spine. • Having shorter legs or arms on one side of the body. • Problems with muscle tone and coordination. Muscle tone is the amount...
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...Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a term used to describe a group of physical disabilities that affect a person’s ability to control their own movements and may even cause paralysis. Although efforts to research Cerebral Palsy began in the 1830’s, specialists continue to struggle to determine how to detect and prevent children from developing CP in the Future. Early detection and prevention of Cerebral Palsy is particularly challenging as children can develop this condition in the pre-natal stage, the perinatal stage, and even during their first few years of infancy. However, it has been determined that the most common cause of this physical disability is due to the brain being underdeveloped or as a result of experiencing a form of brain damage. There are three different variations of Cerebral Palsy that a person may develop: Spastic Cerebral Palsy is the most common form of the condition and can affect a person’s ability to move certain parts of their body ultimately leading to muscle stiffness. Studies have shown that approximately 77% of people who have been diagnosed with CP suffer from spasticity. Another form of CP is Athetoid Cerebral Palsy which can cause involuntary movements rendering a person unable to control sporadic movements such as shaking. The third form of CP is known...
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...Due to many different factors cerebral palsy is caused by, it has been brought to attention that many rare cases of cerebral palsy could have been prevented if the correct care and treatment was provided when giving birth. Complications during birth can be life changing, such as asphyxia. Asphyxia is caused by no or a low level of oxygen being supplied to the brain (cerebralpalsy.org, 2016). During birthing there are many events that can cause this naming a few such as umbilical cord problems, excessive haemorrhaging, prolonged or a traumatic delivery (cerebralpalsy.org, 2016). There is a debate over the many cases of cerebral palsy that are caused by asphyxia, as it occurs during delivery of the baby. There is a huge disagreement that these cases could have been prevented (cerebralpalsy.org, 2016). Dr. William Little supported this debate by his research nearly 150 years ago, as he researched over 200 children with the same symptoms over 20 years he concluded his research that these symptoms...
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...Academic Writing 5 & 6 10/06/2010 Cerebral Palsy Cerebral Palsy Cerebral palsy is a physical disability, and it occurs when a child born. However, the parents do not know about this disability because the child does not show any symptom of cerebral palsy in the first six months. The consequences are great when a child has this disability, but the principal causes are bad medical practice, missing of oxygen during labor and birth trauma during labor and delivery such as the umbilical cord comes into of the neck. Also, cerebral palsy has different types; for instance the most frequent is spastic and mixed types while athetoid and ataxic are less common. These types are common through the world, but there are others types that the people rarely hear about. However, there are treatments for the cerebral palsy. For instance, the most important are oral medication, botox injections, physical rehabilitation, speech rehabilitation, and hands rehabilitation, yet these kinds of treatments might be a help for the child, he or she cannot be a normal person. First, the spastic cerebral palsy is a type very frequent at this time. It is a type where the child has one or more light muscle groups which limit movement. In addition, the child has a hard time moving from one position to another. Moreover, these children may have a hard time holding and letting go of objects. Second, the mixed cerebral palsy, it is a combination of the three kinds of cerebral palsy. For example, a child may bear with...
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...have cerebral palsy go to school but there are many who stay home throughout the day. Either way care is provided for children with cerebral palsy or other chronic illnesses. There are several people who are involved in the care for these children such as nurses, attendants, and therapist. In the United States it is estimated 8,000 to 10,000 babies born each year will develop cerebral palsy [ (My Child) ]. This means that cerebral palsy will occur in two point three to three point six of every 1,000 children in the United States. Cerebral palsy is the most common motor disability in childhood. It is caused by abnormal brain development or damage to the developing brain that affects a person’s ability to control his or her muscles (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012). Cerebral palsy occurs more frequently in Caucasian children than African American and Hispanic children. Also boys seem to be more affected than girls by a rate of one point two. Cerebral palsy is a condition that can be hard to detect until a child is about five or older the statistics are not completely clear on the demographics. However, the impact that changing demographics may not affect health care in certain areas because this condition cannot be pinned to the direct caused of this condition therefore not really knowing how it could affect health care. However, it could be a dramatic change because of the cost for research and the care and treatment for children with cerebral palsy. Children...
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...Disabilities in the General Classroom. Journal Of Learning Disabilities, 37(2), 143-154. Huang, C., Sugden, D., & Beveridge, S. (2009). Assistive devices and cerebral palsy: the use of assistive devices at school by children with cerebral palsy. Child: Care, Health and Development, 35(5), 689-708. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2214.2009.00968.x Jooyeon, K., & Minyoung, K. (2013). Reliability and Responsiveness of the Gross Motor Function Measure-88 in Children With Cerebral Palsy. Physical Therapy, 93(3), 392-401. doi:10.2522/ptj.20110374 Kavak, S.T, & Eliasson, A. (2011). Development of handwriting skill in children with unilateral cerebral palsy (CP). Disability and Rehabilitation, 33(21-22), 2084- 2091. doi:10.3109/09638288.2011.560335 Klingels, K. K., De Cock, P. P., Molenaers, G. G., Desloovere, K. K., Huenaerts, C. C., Jaspers, E. E., & Feys, H. H. (2010). Upper limb motor and sensory impairments in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Can they be measured reliably?. Disability & Rehabilitation, 32(5), 409-416. doi:10.3109/09638280903171469 Malheiros, S., de Mello Monteiro, C. B., da Silva, T., Torriani-Pasin, C., de Andrade, M., Valenti, V. E., & ... de Abreu, L. (2013). Functional capacity and assistance from the caregiver during daily activities in Brazilian children with cerebral palsy....
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...Cerebral Palsy. My mother has lived with a mild case of this disease since birth. Cerebral Palsy is a broad term used to describe a group of chronic “palsies – disorders that impair control of movement -- due to damage to the developing brain. CP usually develops by age 2 or 3 and is a no progressive brain disorder, meaning it does not continue to worsen throughout life. However, the symptoms due to the brain damage often do change over time; sometimes getting better and sometimes getting worse. CP is one of the most common causes of chronic childhood disability. (www.webmd.com). Between 35 and 50 percent of all children with CP will have a seizure disorder and some level of mental retardation. They may also have learning disabilities and vision, speech, hearing, or language problems. (www.webmd.com). There are three types of CP: Spastic CP, the most common, is a disorder in which certain muscles are stiff and weak. Dyskinetic, or athetotic, CP generally involves impairment of voluntary muscle control. Mixed CP is a combination of the two previous classifications. (www.webmd.com). Much remains unknown about the disorder’s causes, but evidence supports theories that infections, during pregnancy may damage a fetus’ developing nervous system. These include rubella (German measles), (a herpes – type virus), (an infection caused by a parasite that can be carried in cat feces or inadequately cooked meat). ...
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...Nursing 106 Spring 2016 Maternal Child Case Study All questions apply to this case study. You may type or clearly write this assignment. It must be legible. Responses to questions must be in your own words. Scenario M.H. is a three year old boy with cerebral palsy (CP) who has been admitted to your unit preoperatively. He will have surgery for a femoral osteotomy and tendon lengthening to stabilize hip joints and to help reduce spasticity. You are orienting the parents to the unit and have a nursing student assisting you. 1. After getting the family settled, you return to the nursing station, and the nursing student asks you to explain CP and what might have caused cerebral palsy. How would you answer the student’s question? 2. The nursing student asks what the family might have noticed that would indicate CP in M.H. when he was a baby. Which of these findings will you include in your discussion with student? (Select all that apply and state rationale) a. Head lag at 5 months b. Able to sit unassisted at 7 months c. Positive Moro (startle) reflex at 2 months d. Leg scissoring e. Right hand preference at 12 months f. Use of pincher grasp at 9 months g. Increased irritability Case Study Progress You and the nursing student finish a health history with the family and determine that M.H. has impaired vision (wears glasses), speech impairment, seizure disorder, and has had poor weight gain and feeding issues since birth....
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...actual efforts to research what will eventually be known as cerebral palsy. He was disabled as a child, after he suffered from polio, and received spastic diplegia which was complicated by severe talipes . Little spent most of his medical career researching various disabling conditions, which when linked together became identified as a form of cerebral palsy . Even though it was seen since the 1800s, cerebral palsy has been observed since antiquity as a group of neuromuscular disabilities. Many ancient civilizations, such as the Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans, have described cerebral palsy, but did not know how to treat it or even what causes it. In the 19th Century is when medical...
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...People with cerebral palsy deal with an assortment of physical issues, but not everyone with cerebral palsy is going to experience the same symptoms. Some people have mild cerebral palsy. While they may have a limp, they are able to walk on their own. They may experience a few other minor physical disruptions, but in general, they are able to perform daily activities on their own. Those with moderate cerebral palsy may need braces, medication, and other adaptive devices to perform daily tasks. Those with severe cerebral palsy will require a wheelchair. They will face significant challenges in performing other tasks. Each person with cerebral palsy faces their own set of unique physical challenges, but here are a few physical challenges many...
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