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Cervical Cancer Chronic Disease

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Cervical Cancer Chronic Disease Risk Assessment Valerie Allen |

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Cervical cancer is a slow growing cancer cells located in the tissues of the cervix. The cervix connects to the vagina at the bottom of the uterus. These abnormal cells can spread throughout the cervix and to other parts of the body. Evidence proves the human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the major cause of cervical cancer. However certain strains of HPV can cause cervical cells to become malignant. Fortunately only a small amount of people with HPV develops cervical cancer. In United States alone cervical cancer reports shows 12,360 new cervical cancer cases and 4,020 deaths in the year 2014.The risk factors of cervical cancer are, losing your virginity at a very young age, having too many sex partners, and contracting of sexual transmitted infections like herpes and HPV, which causes genital warts. Also smoking cigarettes can raise your risk of several cancers including cervical cancer. As a preventive of cervical cancer, screenings need to be done 3 years after sexual activity starts, but no later than 21 years old. At the age of 30 women should have a screening every year or every 2 years along with liquid based Pap test. However if positive for HPV, then DNA test plus cervical cytology is needed every 3 years, but must had 3 normal test results in a row. Symptoms of cervical cancer are pain during sex, pelvic pain, and increased vaginal discharge, but the main symptom or most common symptom of cervical cancer is bleeding from the vaginal area. For example if a woman bleeds between menstrual periods, bleeding after sexual intercourse or during douching and pelvic exam, then those are major signs to be concern about. Also another sign is if a woman bleeding is after menopause and she has a very heavy menstrual period that last longer days than normal could be a concern as well. Cervical cancer is normally detected during abnormal pelvic exams and Pap tests. During the Pap test procedure, a physician removes cells from the cervical area, and then examines the cells for cancerous activity. In addition the patient’s lymph nodes will be checked for any signs of cancer spread too. If a Pap test result shows abnormal cells, then more testing is needed to be sure. The tests that will be given for accurate testing are colposcopy (with biopsy) and endocervical scraping. There are many different types of biopsies used to diagnosis cancer in the cervix. If the test proves that cancer is growing in your cervix tissue or vaginal walls, next the doctor must determine how far the cancer has spread which is called staging.
Cervical cancer treatment is determined by the type and stage of cancer. Depending on the specific type and stage, more than one kind of treatment may be needed. Radiation therapy, chemotherapy and surgery are the treatment options if not a combination of them all. To lower your risk for cervical cancer are, always use protections by practicing safe sex, reduce the number of sexual partners, and get your HPV vaccine for protection. Live a healthy lifestyle by not smoking and eat healthy foods along with exercise daily.

Reference:

American Cancer Society http://www.cancer.org/ Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/cervical/basic_info/prevention.htm

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