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Chronic Diseases

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Chronic Disease Risk Assessment

The Life Resource Center (LRC) is a valuable free tool available to University of Phoenix students. Taking some time to explore its website to discover some of the many topics, resources, and tools available is a great way to find information to enhance and support health and wellness.

Complete the following assignment:
Take one of the health risk assessments located on the LRC website. After completing the assessment, write a 500- to 750-word summary that includes the following:

Description of the disease
Risk factors for the disease
Lifestyle choices you can make in your life to decrease your modifiable risk factors for this disease

To locate the health risk assessments follow these instructions:

Login to the student website.
Click on the Programs tab at the top of the page, and then on Life Resource Center under Services.
From the LRC home page, click on Thriving.
Click on Health Tools.
Click on Assess Your Health.
Click on the Health Risks tab.

Note. Do not submit or divulge your assessment results. Results should remain private.

Cancer is a group of diseases where there is an uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells. A tumor is a collection of these growth of abnormal cells. Some tumors can be benign, which means they do not spread beyond a specific location. If they do spread through the body, it is a malignant tumor. This can lead to impaired body function and eventually death. There are many forms of cancer, with cervical cancer as the third most common type among women world wide. In America about 12,000 women a year get cervical cancer. Although cancer can cause death, there are detection tests, treatments, and preventative measures for all forms. Cervical cancer starts with the cells on the surface of the cervix and usually develops very slowly. There are two types of cells on the cervix's surface: columnar and squamous. Most are from squamous cells. It sometimes takes years for woman to notice if something is wrong because there are few symptoms. Usually once symptoms start to show, the cancer has already spread. Some of the advanced symptoms would be pelvic and back pain, fatigue, loss of appetite and weight, bone pain or fractures, and even leg pain or one swollen leg. Some of the earlier symptoms would be abnormal vaginal bleeding after intercourse, between period, or after menopause; continuous vaginal discharge, which might be discolored; and heavier, longer lasting periods. There are ways to detect cervical cancer, treat it, and even some ways to try to help prevent it. Almost all cervical cancers are caused by a disease called the human papilloma virus (HPV). HPV is a very common sexually transmitted disease that sometimes is never found because there are few symptoms. There are many different kinds of HPV and some strains lead to cervical cancers, while other strains cause genital warts or no signs or symptoms. You put yourself at risk for HPV, and eventually cervical cancer, by having sex with multiple partners, having unprotected sex, having sex at a young age, practicing high-risk sexual activities, and having sexual partners with multiple other partners that practice high-risk sexual activities. A weak immune system and an unhealthy body can also lead to cervical cancer, especially if your mother took the drug DES during pregnancy in the early 1960s. This was used to prevent miscarriage but was found harmful. A precancerous, yet treatable, condition called dysplasia will lead to cervical cancer if not detected. Most women who develop cervical-cancer have not had a Pap smear, a microscopic examination of cells scraped from the opening of the cervix. That is how they find dysplasia and other problems in the cervix or uterus. Sexually transmitted diseases can be prevented and there are ways to reduce your chances of cervical cancer. If you do happen to get cervical cancer, most cases are treatable. It depends on the stage of cancer, the size and shape of tumor, your age and health status, and if you want children or not. Early cervical cancer can be cured by destroying or removing the precancerous or cancerous tissues. If you do want children, there are ways to do this without completely removing the uterus or damaging the cervix. If you do not want children, you can get a hysterectomy or a removal of the uterus, but not ovaries. For advanced cervical cancer, you can get a radical hysterectomy, which removes the uterus and most of what is surrounding it. You may also have radiation treatment with chemotherapy either before or after surgery. These treatments can be very long processes and very stressful. Fortunately, there are many lifestyle choices you can make enable to prevent cervical cancer and HPV. The vaccines Cervarix and Gardasil are available to females to protect against the type of HPV that cause cervical cancer. Gardasil also protects against genital warts and vaginal, anal, and vulvar cancers. It is recommended to get the same vaccine brand for three doses at nine to 13 years old and no later than 26 years old. Men can get Gardasil, too, and it is also more effective at a younger age. The best way to reduce your risk of HPV and cervical cancer is to not have sexual activity until you have found your life partner. Make sure that partner has been tested for any sexually transmitted diseases and did not have many partners before. If you decide to be sexually active, always use a condom to reduce the risk of HPV. It is also highly recommended to get a Pap smear once a year to ensure your reproductive organs are healthy. Of course, maintaining a healthy lifestyle by exercising and eating right will greatly help in reducing your chances for cervical cancer and many other diseases. The most important lifestyle factor that will severely lower your risk for any disease is to not smoke cigarettes, period. If you make the right choices in life and thrive to be healthy, mentally and physically, you may eliminate your risk of cervical cancer.

Word Count: 830

References

University of Phoenix. (2012). Assess Your Risk of Cervical Cancer [Multimedia]. Retrieved September 11, 2012. From University of Phoenix, SCI/162 Life Resources Center website.

A.D.A.M. Medical Encyclopedia. (December 15, 2011) Cervical Cancer.
Retrieved: September 12, 2012. From: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001895/

Centers For Disease Control and Prevention. (August 9, 2012) Genital HPV Infection - Fact Sheet.
Retrieved: September 12, 2012. From: http://www.cdc.gov/std/hpv/stdfact-hpv.htm

WebMD. (February 22, 2011). Cervical Cancer – Topic Overview
Retrieved: September 19, 2012. From: http://www.webmd.com/cancer/cervical-cancer/cervical-cancer-topic-overview

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