CONDITION | SYMPTOMS | DURATION/HISTORY | DIAGNOSIS | TREATMENT | COUNSELLING/LIFESTYLE ADVICE | Common cold (URTI) | * Sore throat * Sneezing * Rhinitis and congestion * Postnasal drip * Cough * Headache, mild fever | Usually resolves after 1 week, may take up to 2 weeksRefer to GP if it’s been longer | Caused by rhinovirus, very common, symptoms are in response to invading pathogen(Differentiate from influenza, which typically only occurs in winter) | * Treat symptoms, not actual virus * Paracetamol (analgesic) * Pseudoephedrine (decongestant) * Nasal decongestant sprays * Lozenges (sore throat) | * Rest * Maintain fluids * Practice good hygiene | Cough (usually associated with other conditions) | * Productive (chesty, mucous) – postnasal drip * Non-productive (dry, tickly) – symptoms worse in evening, often occurs after common cold, can be allergy related | Acute: Less than 3 weeksChronic: More than 3 weeks – REFER! | Usually a post-viral cough (dry), or associated with another URTI.Other coughs could be a sign of bronchitis, sinusitis or more severe conditions.Refer if other symptoms present! | * Productive cough – expectorant, decongestant * Non-productive cough – suppressant (anti-tussive, e.g. pholcodine) * Allergy related – antihistamine | * Avoid strenuous activity * Maintain fluids | Croup (acute cough, laryngotracheo-bronchitis) | * Barking, seal-like cough * Worse at night * High occurrence in children 3 months – 6 years old | Acute (< 3 weeks) | Mild symptoms triggered by recent viral infection (more common in winter)Severe symptoms may be STRIDOR (harsh vibrating noise when breathing, REFER to GP)! | * Warm, moist air can be helpful * Vaporiser or steam in bathroom | * Monitor child for any signs of stridor | Rhinitis (URTI or allergic) | * Inflammation of nasal mucosa * Rhinoffhoea * Nasal congestion * Sneezing * Itching | Allergic: * Perennial (year round) * Seasonal (hayfever) | Allergic rhinitis is a mucosal response to allergen exposure.Perennial: Caused by dust mite, animal danderHayfever: Caused by pollen and fungal sporesMay also be due to overuse of nasal decongestant, pregnancy or URTI | * Antihistamines: Zyrtec (cetirizine), Claramax (desloratidine), Telfast (fexofenadine), Phenergan (promethazine) * Decongestant: pseudoephedrine * Intranasal corticosteroids: Rhinocort (budesonide), Beconase (fluticasone), Nasonex (mometasone) * Antihistamine eye drops: naphazoline with pheniramine or antazoline * Nasal decongestants: oxymetazoline, phenylephrine, xylometazoline * Saline nasal drops | * Avoid allergens * Wash sheets, curtains and other household furnishings, air regularly * Practice good hygiene * Visit GP if symptoms persist/ worsen | Sinusitis/Rhinosinusitis | * Inflammation of one or more paranasal sinuses * Nasal blockage or congestion * Nasal discharge * Post-nasal drip * Facial pain or pressure (can be excruciating) * Reduction or loss of smell | Acute: Infection lasts up to 4 weeksRecurrent acute: >4 episodes per yearChronic: Symptoms last >12 weeks, acute exacerbations | Possibly a post-viral infection, sinuses are filled with stagnant nasal secretions which may be infected with bacteria | * ALWAYS REFER TO GP! * Maintain condition with FESS, intranasal corticosteroids, nasal decongestants, analgesics and inhalations | * VISIT GP! | Otitis media (middle ear infection) | * Inflammation of the middle ear * Ear pain * Typically appears in children (< 8 years) * Child rubs ear and is irritable * Thick, mucus discharge | Refer to GP as soon as possible.Healing can take around 1 - 2 months. | Caused by virus spreading to middle ear via Eustachian tube (more common in children due to anatomy of Eustachian tube).Accumulation of pus in middle ear.Inflammation of tympanic membrane. | * REFER TO GP! * Simple analgesics for pain relief | * VISIT GP! | Otitis externa (Swimmer’s ear) | * General inflammation of ear canal * Itching and irritation, THEN pain * Otorrhoea * External ear is red, swollen and eczematous * Clear, watery discharge | Generally acute, occurs after swimming (heat and humidity exacerbate infection)Patients with seborrhoeic dermatitis are predisposed to otitis externa | Caused by microorganism growth – bacterial or fungal. These can enter the ear canal via a number of routes, but water in the ear canal is the most common. | * REFER TO GP! * Treat with antibiotic/antifungal ear drops * Prevent with acetic acid or ethanol ear drops (after swimming) – do NOT use if skin is damaged | * During treatment, use cotton balls smeared with petroleum jelly while showering * Keep ears dry to prevent infection | Dermatitis of the ear (seborrhoeic, allergic, contact or aptopic dermatitis) | * Itch, WITHOUT pain and discharge * If seborrhoeic or atopic, dermatitis lesions may be elsewhere on the body | | | | | Ear wax impaction | * History of gradual hearing loss * Ear discomfort * Recent attempts to clean ears | Gradual progressive condition | Ear wax is dry and hard, it has built up over timeCommon condition in elderly patientsExacerbated by patient attempting to clean ears | Therapeutic class of treatments: CerumunolyticsSafe for anyone * Oil-based productse.g. Cerumol, EaraxSoftens wax, very safe, can be used by all ages, few adverse effects, may initially increase deafness * Peroxide-based productse.g. Ear ClearMay experience mild, temporary effervescence in the ear * Water-based productse.g. Sodium Bicarbonate Ear Drops * Docusate-containing productse.g. WaxolSoftens wax | * *Refer to “How to Administer Ear Drops” * Avoid inserting objects into ear (e.g. cotton buds) | Conjunctivitis (Allergic, viral, bacterial) | * Redness * Discharge * DiscomfortAllergic: Both eyes affected, watery discharge, itchy, generalised redness, associated with rhinitisViral: Both eyes affected, watery discharge, gritty feeling, generalised redness, associated with URTIBacterial: One eye affected first, purulent discharge, gritty feeling, generalised & diffuse redness | Allergic conjunctivitis may reappear seasonally with hayfever.Viral and bacterial are generally self-limiting (~7-10 days for viral) | Conjunctivitis has a number of causes, dependent on the type.The condition falls under the category of ‘red eye’.Condition should be referred to GP if there is loss of vision, true pain, or redness lasts longer than 1 week. | Allergic: * Treat systematically with oral antihistamines * Saline washes * Optrex Eye Wash * Vasoconstrictor/antihistamine eye drops (naphazoline with pheniramine or antazoline)Viral: * Saline washes * Optrex Eye WashBacterial: * REFER to GP for prescription - chloramphenicol | * If bacterial, ensure good hygiene is practiced, preventing person to person spread | Blepharitis (seborrhoeic, bacterial) | * Greasy, easily removed scales on eyelid margin | Chronic condition | Seborrhoeic blepharitis is associated with seborrhoeic dermatitisBacterial is rare | * Lidcare (sachets of product for cleansing eyelids) | * Practice a daily eye washing routine (soften lid margin debris & oil, cleanse eyelids, massage outer eyelids) * Avoid makeup * Remove contact lenses if necessary | Styes | * Swollen upper or lower eyelid * Pain * Pus-filled lesion (may either shrink or burst spontaneously) | Should resolve in ~1 week | Caused by bacterial pathogens | * Apply warm compress 3-4 times daily to bring lesion to a head * Chloramphenicol eye ointment 1% (usually not necessary) | * Practice good hygiene * Avoid makeup and cosmetics | Dry eye | Eyes that: * Burn * Feel tired * Itch * Feel irritated * Gritty | Chronic condition | Common in the elderly and those in poor health.Caused by underproduction of tears, or a change in tear composition. | * No cure * Symptomatic treatment with OTC eye ointments, drops or gels containing: HypromelloseCarmelloseDextranPolyethylene glycolGlycerinePropylene glycolPolyvinyl alcohol | * Avoid eye irritants | Smoking cessation | * Nicotine dependence * Contemplating quitting, actively quitting, maintaining abstinence | | Patient is addicted to nicotine in cigarettes. There are also many psychological and social aspects involved in a smoking addiction. | Treatment is determined on a case-by-case basis, depending on the level of addiction. Nicotine replacement therapy can include: * Skin patches (16/24 hour) * Lozenges * Sublingual tablets * Chewing gum * Nicotine inhaler | * Apply patches to hairless area of skin, rotating locations * 24 hour patch should only be used if smoker requires a cigarette after waking up * Smoker must be ready to quit (motivation)! * Relapse is common * Avoid situations in which you would normally smoke * Join a support group | CONDITION | SYMPTOMS | DURATION/HISTORY | DIAGNOSIS | TREATMENT | COUNSELLING/LIFESTYLE ADVICE | Morning sickness | * Nausea * Vomiting * Can occur any time of day, although typically in the morning | Usually resolves by week 12 (end of first trimester) | Caused by elevated levels of circulating oestrogen or low blood sugar (hypoglycaemia) | * If caused by low blood sugar, try a glucose jellybean first thing in the morning * Visit GP if severe | * Avoid anything that induces nausea, including foods and activity | Chickenpox | * Rash of red spots (face, trunk, limbs) * Blisters (later stages) * Fever * Malaise | Incubation is 10-21 daysAffected person should be isolated until blisters have dried | Viral infection caused by herpes zoster virusMild in childrenSevere in adults and immuno-suppressed individuals – REFER TO GP! | * Solosite (lesions) – hydrogel formula * Polaramine (dexchlorpheniramine) – sedating antihistamine * Pinetarsol liquid – in bath or on lesions * Simple analgesic for fever | * Keep affected individual isolated until blisters dry * Do not scratch or otherwise irritate blisters * Wear loose clothing if possible | Hand, Foot & Mouth Disease | * Blisters (start as red dots and become ulcers) inside cheeks, on gums, side of tongue, hands & feet * Possible fever * Sore throat * Malaise * (Possible) secondary complications | Incubation is 3-5 days | Infectious disease caused by coxsackievirus. Generally mild. | * Simple analgesic * Fluids * Rest | * Avoid sharing clothing and towels of infected person * Practice good hygiene | Infantile colic | * Baby draws knees against abdomen * Episodes of crying (more than 3 hours per day, 3 days per week or 3 weeks in a month) | Usually develops in babies 3 weeks of age, self resolving after 5-10 weeks | Baby will go through unexplained periods of fussing, crying or irritability for no obvious reason | * Antiflatulents (simethicone) * Relieve wind (burp, relax, calm & massage baby) | * Eliminate other possible causes of discontent * Make dietary changes if appropriate * Refer to GP if necessary | Gastroenteritis (viral or bacterial) | * Diarrhoea (~3 times in 24 hours) * Vomiting * Fever * Headache * Aching limbs * Dehydration | Generally self-limiting, will resolve within 2-4 days | Can be caused by a rotavirus, or bacterial infection from food or water | * REFER to GP if symptoms are severe, or there are more than those listed * Oral rehydration therapy (clear fluids, electrolyte replacement product – not sports drinks) | * Ensure child remains hydrated * Monitor for other symptoms | Nappy rash (contact dermatitis, fungal, bacterial) | Contact dermatitis * Skin is red, glazed or shiny and tight * Only affects areas in contact with nappy * Initially chafing, may progress to blistersFungal * Brighter red * Raised, shiny rash * Small white pustules * Affects skin folds (not in contact with nappy)Bacterial * Weeping or yellow crusting of rash area * Possibly fever | Can be a recurring problem, depending on the typeShould resolve with proper treatment and maintenace | Contact dermatitis can be caused by: * Ammonia in urine * Faecal matter * Detergents/disinfectants * Antiseptics * Friction * Occlusive plastic pants * Excessive sweatingOther types are caused by invading microorganisms | Contact dermatitis * Barrier cream (zinc oxide) * Mild steroid cream (hydrocortisone 0.5%) * Emollient preparations (sorbolene cream)Fungal * Antifungal preparation (nystatin, clotrimazole or miconazole) * Barrier cream (Daktozin)Bacterial * REFER TO GP! * Paracetamol for pain relief | * Apply appropriate cream upon nappy change, cleansing skin with warm water (or aqueous cream and water) * Change nappy frequently * Expose skin to air frequently * Rinse towels & nappies thoroughly * Avoid harsh detergents * Avoid soap and nappy wipes | Cradle cap (seborrhoeic dermatitis) | Skin rash (scalp, ears, eyebrows, eyelids), characterised as: * Yellowish * Patchy * Greasy * Scaly/crusty | Can last a few months, usually self-resolving | Caused by over-active sebaceous glands. Dead skin flakes are trapped in excess sebum and dry, forming scales. | * Comb out gently after bathing * Petroleum jelly/oil – apply overnight, brush away in the morning * (If severe) salicylic acid 5-10%, in oily vehicle | * Monitor condition * Refer to GP if secondary infection suspected | Teething | * Inflamed, painful gums * Reduced appetite * Drooling * Red patch on cheek * Disturbed sleep * Irritability * Mild fever | Usually starts at ~6 months of age | Teeth are erupting from gums, causing pain | * Teething rings – relieve pressure on gums * Analgesic/antipyretic – paracetamol or ibuprofen * Teething gel – Bonjela, Seda-gel (choline salicylate) | * Allow child to chew on teething ring * Maintain fluid intake * Monitor temperature | Oral candidiasis (thrush) | * Creamy-white, soft, elevated patches on tongue and in oral cavity * Pain/soreness * Lesions in oral cavity | | Bacterial infection in oral cavity, proliferates due to environmental changes | * Daktarin gel (miconazole) * Nilstat drops (nystatin) | * Administer treatment after eating/feeding * Monitor for side effects | Mouth ulcers | * Single or multiple lesions on mucosal surface of movable parts of mouth * Predromal is a burning or tingling sensation 24-48 hours before lesion appears * Pain | Should be fully resolve in under 3 weeks | Ulcers have been associated with a number of causes, including: * Nutritional deficiencies * Food allergies * Viruses * Bacteria * Yeast * Immunosuppressed patients * Systemic diseases * Blood disorders * Oral cancer | * Topical pain relievers – Bonjela (choline salicylate), Sedagel (lignocaine), Difflam (benzydamine) * Orabase & treamcinolone (steroid) – Kenalog in Orabase * Systematic corticosteroids for multiple or large lesions | * Apply orabase as soon as ulcer appears * Avoid further irritation of ulcer * Dry ulcer before topical application * Press small amount of gel into ulcer * Avoid eating or drinking 30 minutes after application | Cold sores | * Lesions that first appear as blisters & vesicles * Redness * Prodromal symptoms include burning, itching, pain or tingling | Can reoccur once contracted, usually in response to a trigger, such as: * Stress * Ill-health * UV light * Other viral infectionsProdromal symptoms persist < 2 days before vesicle appearsLesions last ~7-10 days | Caused by the herpes simplex virus, subtype 1 (HSV1)Once infected, virus will remain in the body until death | In the prodromal/eruption stages: * Ice * Zovirax (aciclovir 5%)Crusting-over phase: * Ammonia (Blistese) * Povidone-iodine (Betadine) * Compeed Cold Sore Patches | * Use separate hand and bath towels * Wash hands before and after applying product * Avoid physical contact in the area of lesion * Place ice on the area at the first sign of a cold sore | Impetigo (school sores) | * Lesions predominantly appear on face, around nose and mouth * Vesicles that start as small, red, itchy patch of inflamed skin * Ruptured, weeping vesicles * Dry, crusty brownish-yellow exudate | Lasts until treated appropriatelyPredominantly occurs in children | Caused by a bacterial infection – Staphylococcus aureus or Staphylococcus pyogenes | * REFER TO GPTopical antibiotics: * Bactroban (Mupirocin)Systemic antibiotics: * Flucloxacillin * Cephalopsporins * Beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor | * Ensure affected person is isolated until lesions clear OR antibiotic treatment has commenced and lesions are covered with a watertight dressing * Use separate towels, washcloth and bedding * Keep child’s nails short | Insect bites & stings | Bites: * Itching papules * Weals, bulla & pain * Lesions (often localized and grouped) * Occur on exposed areasStings: * Intense, burning pain * Temporary erythma & oedema | Symptoms generally only persist for a few hours, lesions last a few days | Stinging insects include ants, bees, wasps & other closely related species. They inject venom into the skin, containing proteins & chemicals to break down cells and increase venom penetration. Anaphylaxis is a major risk associated with this venom.Mosquitoes, fleas & ticks are responsible for bites. They secrete anti-coagulant compounds to facilitate feeding. | * Avoid bites & stings using insect repellant containing DEET * Epipen (S3, for anaphylactic reactions) * Paraderm Plus (bufexamac, chlorhexidine & lignocaine) * Local anaesthetics (lignocaine 1%) * Topical cortiscosteroids (hydrocortisone 0.5% or 1%) * Crotamiton (Eurax) * Antihistamines (dexchlorpheniramine) | * Use insect repellant (containing DEET) when in areas where insects are abundant * Avoid scratching the affected area * Take care when removing ticks, ensuring no remnants are left in the body | Skin cancer | Neoplasms can form upon exposure of skin to sun. Check for spots that are: * Asymmetrical * Have an irregular edge * Multi-coloured * Getting larger or evolving in some way | Can cause death if not found and treatedMore prevalent in older patients | There are 3 types of skin cancer: * Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) – caused by chronic, long-term sun exposure * Basale cell carcinoma (BCC) – caused by chronic, long-term sun exposure * Malignant melanoma (MM) – caused by acute, intense & intermittent blistering sunburnsExposure to UVA & UVB light causes damage to cells. Melanin acts as natural protection for the body, but production is often too slow. | * REFER TO GP! * SPF 30+ sunscreen for prevention of sunburn and lowered risk of cancer | To protect against skin cancer: * Limit time spent in full sun (15 minutes a day is sufficient for necessary vitamin D production) * Avoid sunburn, a precursor to potentially cancerous lesions * Wear SPF 30+ sunscreen * Wear a hat and sunglasses | Eczema | * Dry, scaly, red rash * Itch * Hardened or thickened skin (from scratching) * Typically appears inside elbows, behind knees, on cheeks, forehead and outer limbs | Chronic condition with flare ups, aggravated by: * Stress * Temperature extremes * Irritants * Animal dander * Dust mites * Pollen | An inflammatory response caused by endogenous factors (as opposed to dermatitis, caused by a reaction to an external agent). | * Corticosteroid creams (hydrocortisone 0.5% or 1%) * Moisturisers and emollients (pH balanced) * Oral antihistamines | * Use body washes, lotions & moisturisers that are pH balanced * Apply emollients after bathing or swimming * Avoid irritants | Dry skin | * Dull appearance * Rough * Scaly * Cracks * Itching | Moisture loss begins from birth; different people are affected to different extents. | Aging or genetics can cause a decrease in sebum production, which is exacerbated by environmental factors. | * Oil-based creams (QV, Alpha Keri) | * Avoid irritants * Use pH balance products * Moisturise regularly, especially after bathing * Use sunscreen and lip balm daily | CONDITION | SYMPTOMS | DURATION/HISTORY | DIAGNOSIS | TREATMENT | COUNSELLING/LIFESTYLE ADVICE | Contact dermatitis (allergic & irritant) | * Initially itchy, red, inflamed skin * Papular vesicles * Chronic cases can lead to dry, irritable, red & scaly skin * Weeping vesicles (allergic form) | Chronic condition with flare ups in response to irritants and allergens. Each flare up should NOT last longer than 2 weeks. | Irritant contact dermatitis:Develops within 6-12 hours of contact to irritant, will resolve quickly if irritant is removed. This condition is often occupational.Allergic contact dermatitis:Caused by hypersensitivity to an agent, typically occurs in usual patterns. | * Corticosteroid creams (hydrocortisone 0.5% or 1%) * Moisturisers and emollients (pH balanced) * Oral antihistamines | * Avoid allergen/irritant * Visit GP if skin is cracked, bleeding or displaying signs of infection | Seborrhoeic dermatitis | Skin rash (in areas where sebaceous glands are most prominant), characterised as: * Yellowish * Patchy * Greasy * Scaly/crusty (powdery) | Chronic, inflammatory hyperproliferative skin disorder | Caused by over-active sebaceous glands. Dead skin flakes are trapped in excess sebum and dry, forming scales. Yeast, environmental and general health can be contributing factors to the severity of this condition. | * Nizoral Shampoo (ketoconazole) * Zinc pyrithione * Anti-fungals (includes ketoconazole)In severe cases: * Salicylic acid or coal tar to remove dense scale * Topical corticosteroids | * Frequently cleanse with soap * Spend time outdoors in the sun * Use anti-dandruff shampoos daily | Dandruff (Pityriasis capitis) | * Scales on scalp | Chronic, relapsing, non-inflammatory hyperprolieferative skin condition | This condition has a strong link to microorganisms, particularly yeasts. Dandruff differs from seborrhoeic dermatitis in that it appears only on the scalp. | * Nizoral Shampoo (ketoconazole 1% & 2%) * Anti-dandruff Shampoo (Zinc pyrithione 1%) | * Use medicated shampoo daily | Warts (including veruccas) | * Benign growths of skin (single or in clusters) * Usually occur on hands, fingers & knees * Veruccas (Plantar warts) occur on the soles of feet, often causing pain | Will resolve spontaneously in 2 years in 60% of patients | Caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV), which gains entry through damaged skin in the epithelial layer. | * If diabetic OR a verucca, REFER TO GP * Salicylic acid * Lactic acid (in combination with salicylic acid) * Formaldehyde * Gluteraldehyde * Podophyllum resin * Silver nitrate pencils | * If diabetic OR a verucca, REFER TO GP * Protect healthy skin around wart by painting it with nail polish before applying wart preparation | Corns & calluses | Corns: * Hard corns – generally located on tops of toes, have a central core of hard, grey skin surrounded by a painful yellow ring * Soft corns – located between the toes, usually whitened appearance and remain softCalluses: * Flattened, yellow-white, thickened skin * Common on the balls of feet and lower border of big toe and heel * Range in size | Will resolve upon treatment of condition in conjunction with removal of cause | Caused by friction and intermittent pressure against one of the bony prominences of the feet (generally in the form of inappropriate footwear). This leads to hyperkeratosis, which is excessive skin growth of the keratinized layer. | * Preventative measures (removing source of friction) * Corn & callus pads to remove pressure * Corn & callus pads containing Salicylic acid | * Wear comfortable footwear * Avoid high heels | Scabies (Sarcoptes scabiei) | * Red, itchy skin rash * Small burrows present in skin (difficult to detect) | Establishment of condition takes 15-20 days, patient may be asymptomatic before this.Life cycle of mite is 14 days. | Caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei, which burrows into stratum corneum to lay eggs. This results in a hypersensitivity reaction.The mite is generally transmitted by direct physical contact. | * Lyclear Cream (Permethrin) * Quellada M (malathion 0.5% aqueous liquid) * Ascabiol Lotion (benzyl benzoate)To relieve itch: * Eurax (crotamiton) * Sedating antihistamines (dexchlorpheniramine) | * Ensure all contacts of affected individual are treated * Wash clothes, towels and bed linen in hot, soapy water * Do not apply product after a hot bath/shower | Head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) | * Often asymptomatic * Itchy scalp, especially around the ears and nape of neck * Visible lice (clear to reddish-brown in colour) * Nits (louse eggs) – located within 6mm of the scalp | Once contracted, condition will remain until treated appropriately | Head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) can affect anyone, regardless of hygiene or socio-economic background.It is often more common in children and girls with long hair. | * KP24 (maldison) * Permethrin 1% * Pyrethrins (not as effective) * Essential oils | * Repeat shampoo treatment 7 days after initial treatment * Use fine-toothed comb to check for nits * Do not share hats * Treat all objects that have come into contact with infested hair (e.g. hairbrushes, combs, hats) by placing them to soak in hot water and chemical, or tying in a plastic bag for a week * Wash bed linen on hot cycle | Psoriasis | * Red patches of inflamed skin with silver scales * Thickened skin * Can occur anywhere, plaques generally on knees and elbows * Benign lesions | Chronic, relapsing, inflammatory disorder (hyperproliferative) | Psoriasis occurs when the cell turnover in skin is increased from a cycle of 4 weeks to a cycle of 3-6 days.While not contagious or infectious, it can have a significant effect on the sufferer. | * REFER TO GP (and/or dermatologist)Maintenance: * Emollients (Sorbolene, Glycerin) * Keratolytics (salicylic & lactic acid) – use first if scaling is significant * Coal tar * Dithranol | * VISIT GP * Avoid triggers * Exposure to sunlight can assist in clearing of thick scales | Tinea | * Fungal infection, differs in appearance depending on where it presents * Distinct border * Skin can be red, yellow or white * Itch * Inflammation * Loss of hair * Peeling/scaling * “Ringworm” | Common contagious fungal infection that will resolve with the correct treatment | Tinea is named according to the area on the body on which it presents (generally the foot, body, groin area, nail or scalp).It generally occurs in moist, warm conditions. | * Azoles – control growth of fungi (clotrimazole, miconazole) * Terbinafine – kill fungi (allylamine, lamisil) * Amorolfine – nail infections (allylamine, loceryl) | * Keep affected area dry if possible * Cover infection, as it is contagious * Visit GP if it doesn’t resolve, of if there is suspected secondary infection |