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American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)
Threshold Limit Value (TLV) TWA = Time-Weighted Average
Volatile Organic Compounds = (VOCs)
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
International Register of Potentially Toxic Chemicals (IRPTC).
WHMIS: Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System
MSDS stands for: Material Safety Data Sheet
IRPTC stands for: International Register of Potentially Toxic Chemicals
HAART = Highly active antiretroviral therapy = three-drug cocktail treatment for AIDS
OTC means over the counter
SSRI = Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
CFC = Chlorofluorocarbon

1% = 104 ppm = 107 ppb conversion

N2 (g) + 3 H2 (g) → 2 NH3 (g) molar mass of ethanol (C2H5OH) = 46.06 g/mol d= st m/s km/hr
1 cm3 =1 ml
Micro =1 µ g = 1 x 10 -6 g
NANO =1 n g = 1 x 10 -9 g

The largest vol of these is 1.0 L 1000 mL 1.0 × 106 µL >>1.0 × 104 cm3

Chemicals causing malformation in newborns are: Teratogenic

Chemicals causing changes in DNA are known as: Mutagens

A concentration of 21.0 ppm for a gas in air is equal: 2.10 × 10-3 %

A concentration of 51.0 ppb for a gas in air is equal: 5.10 × 10-2 ppm

Based upon TLV-TWA which poses the most risk: ( answer is the least) Sulfur dioxide (2 ppm) Carbon monoxide (2.5 × 104 ppb)
>>Ozone (100 ppb) Nitrogen dioxide (3.0 × 10-4 %)

A worker is repeatedly exposed to a concentration of 2.50 × 10 6ppb of a substance. If the TLV-TWA for the substance is 250 ppm, is it a safe work environment for the worker? Yes No (why? 2.50 × 10 6ppb = 2500 ppm > 250 ppm)

A worker is repeatedly exposed to a concentration of 2.5 × 10-4 % of a substance. If the TLV-TWA for the substance is 5.0 ppm, is it a safe work environment for the worker?
>>Yes No

The unit used to express exposure to gases or vapors is: Any of these: ppm, ppb, %)
The unit used to express exposure to particles is: mg/m3 (or mg/m3, µg/m3)

7 - At a speed of 66.5 km per hour, how many seconds will it take to cover a distance of 1.00 × 103 m? ==5.41 × 101 s 18.5 s 54,135 s 0.015 s

8 - An atom has 11 protons, 10 electrons and 12 neutrons. The atom is: Neutral ==Positively charged Negatively charged None of the above

9 - A neutral atom containing 20 protons and 40 neutrons loses two electrons. The species formed is: An anion ==An ion having a charge of 2+ Neutral

X-Rays = risk of being exposed to Physical

chronic toxicity Results from brief exposure to high concentrations of the contaminant

Ozone = O3 made by some photochemical reactions and causes Reduced lung function

global warming by: CO2, CH4, N2O not these CO N2 O2

Production of acid rain is due to NOx and SOx x is any number like 2, 3, 4

1. Surfacants make water a more effective cleaner by reducing its surface tension. 2. An anionic surfactant has a Negative charge is TRUE. 3. Water hardness: due to Calcium in the water ( ALSO THESE Ca2+ and Mg2+or group 2A) 4. The polar end of the surfactant is attracted to water cause water is polar. 5. Household cleaners contain corrosive chemicals. Be careful! 6. Shampoos contain anionic surfactant to remove oil and dirt. 7. Sunscreen products to absorb UV rays. 8. Laundry detergents contain many ingredients to perform many/diverse functions. 9. to wet a surface effectively reduce the surface tension 10. Cationic surfactant has a Positive charge 11. Non-ionic surfactants are neutral 12. Detergents eliminate films cause they are less affected by ion that cause hardness 13. In cleaning process the surfactant is attracted to the water cause it is polar. 14. In cleaning, soaps provides Chemical Interaction. 15. Curling of hair involves reduction then oxidation 16. First step in hair color involves oxidizing agent H2O2 17. Alpha-Hydroxy acids are Cosmeceuticals 18. Perfumes are blended bases on their volatility and molecular size 19. Deodorants contain mainly antibacterial agents and perfumes 20. Pigments added to lipstick for color 21. Skin moisturizer maintains moisture of the skin. 22. Alkaline Earth (2A) metals make water hard 23. The C – C bond is Covalent 24. Carbon is classified as a nonmetal 25. Long Chains and cyclic structures are possible cause C forms covalent bonds with other C. 26. Functional group in alcohol is -OH 27. CH3OCH3 is an ether. Or -O- 28. Benzene ring has 6 C and 6 H, Cyclohexane has 6C and 12 H 29. CH3NH2 is an amine 30. CH3(CH2)4CH3 has 14 H’s 31. A compound with –NH2 is an amine 32. A Functional group is the chemically functioning part of a molecule 33. AIDS is a viral infection 34. Cephalosporins act as antibiotics by affecting the development of bacteria cell walls. 35. Superbugs show resistance to many known antibiotics 36. Treatment of depression with antidepressants 37. Three-drug cocktail (HAART) is used to treat: AIDS 38. Chemotherapy is treatment with chemicals. 39. Aspirin is an analgesic 40. Certain steroids are anti-inflammatory because they suppress inflammatory responses of the body. 41. Aspirin is effect because it reduces the production of prostaglandins. 42. To reduce drug related risks: read labels, learn about warnings, inform the nurses about all Rx and OTC and diet supplements taken. 43. SSRI is an anti depressant. 44. Tetracyclines inhibit synthesis of bacterial proteins 45. AIDS is treated with antiviral agents 46. Alkylating agents are used as chemotherapeutic agents is TRUE 47. OTC means over the counter 48. Pneumonia is a bacterial infection 49. Benzene has 6 C and 6 H 50. Pneumonia is s bacterial infection 51. Seratonin neurotransmitter 52. steroids are used as anti-inflammatory 53. To reduce drug risk u should inform the health givers 54. Protease is a antiviral 55. Shampoos contain Anion surfactant 56. Curling hair involves reduction then oxidation 57. First step in coloring hair involves oxidizing agent 58. Sunscreens contain chemicals to absorb UV radiation. 59. Alpha-hydroxy acids are Cosmecuticals. 60. Ingredients of Perfumes are blended based on their molecular size and volatility. 61. The ingredients of deodorants are antibacterial agents and perfumes. 62. Pigments are added to lipstick to provide smoothness. 63. Skin moisturizers are used to maintain moisture content of the skin. 64. The effective Chemical agent in body deodorant is Antibacterial agent. 65. Surfacants make water a more effective cleaner by reducing its surface tension. 66. An anionic surfactant has a Negative charge is TRUE. 67. Cations are positively charged 68. Water hardness: due to Calcium in the water (ie Ca2+ and Mg2+or group 2A) 69. The polar end of the surfactant is attracted to water cause water is polar. 70. Household cleaners contain corrosive chemicals. Be careful! 71. Shampoos contain anionic surfactant to remove oil and dirt. 72. Sunscreen products to absorb UV rays. 73. Laundry detergents contain many ingredients to perform many/diverse functions. 74. to wet a surface effectively reduce the surface tension 75. Cationic surfactant has a Positive charge 76. Non-ionic surfactants are neutral 77. Detergents eliminate films cause they are less affected by ion that cause hardness 78. In cleaning process the surfactant is attracted to the water cause it is polar. 79. In cleaning, soaps provides Chemical Interaction. 80. Curling of hair involves reduction then oxidation 81. First step in hair color involves oxidizing agent H2O2 82. Alpha-Hydroxy acids are Cosmeceuticals 83. Perfumes are blended bases on their volatility and molecular size 84. Deodorants contain mainly antibacterial agents and perfumes 85. Pigments added to lipstick for color 86. Skin moisturizer maintains moisture of the skin. 87. Alkaline Earth (2A) metals make water hard 88. The C – C bond is Covalent 89. Carbon is classified as a nonmetal 90. Long Chains and cyclic structures are possible cause C forms covalent bonds with other C. 91. Functional group in alcohol is -OH 92. CH3OCH3 is an ether. 93. Benzene ring has 6 C Cyclohexane has 6C and 12 H 94. CH3NH2 is an amine 95. CH3(CH2)4CH3 has 14 H’s 96. A compound with –NH2 is an amine 97. A Functional group is the chemically functioning part of a molecule 98. AIDS is a viral infection 99. Cephalosporins act as antibiotics by affecting the development of bacteria cell walls. 100. Superbugs show resistance to many known antibiotics 101. Treatment of depression with antidepressants 102. Three-drug cocktail (HAART) is used to treat: a)Cancer b) pneumonia, c)Depression…d) none of the above is correct or AIDS 103. Chemotherapy is treatment with chemicals. 104. Aspirin is an analgesic 105. Certain steroids are anti-inflammatory because they suppress inflammatory responses of the body. 106. Aspirin is effective because it reduces the production of prostaglandins. 107. To reduce drug related risks all of these: read labels, learn about warnings, inform the nurses about all Rx and OTC and diet supplements taken. 108. SSRI is an anti depressant. 109. Tetracyclines inhibit synthesis of bacterial proteins 110. AIDS is treated with antiviral agents 111. Alkylating agents are used as chemotherapeutic agents is TRUE 112. OTC means over the counter 113. Pneumonia is a bacterial infection 114. Benzene has 6 C 115. Pneumonia is s bacterial infection 116. Seratonin neurotransmitter 117. steroids are used as anti-inflammatory 118. To reduce drug risk u should inform the health givers 119. Protease is a antiviral 120. Weakly acidic nature of rain is due to CO2 121. pH =4.9 means Acidic 122. pH = 11.2 is Basic , pH = 7 means neutral 123. Vinegar has pH less than 7 because acidic 124. Acid rain due to Nitrogen and Sulfur 125. Limestone and Acid releases CO2. 126. Corrosion of Fe gives rust = Fe2O3 127. Aluminum is more soluble than at pH =4.2 than at 9.6 true 128. Mobility of Pb in the soil is dependent 129. Suggested to control acid rain is cleaner energy sources. 130. Ground level ozone forms photochemical smog - - TRUE 131. Ozone/Oxygen in stratosphere with solar radiation protects us from UV radiation 132. High Intensity UV and O2 interaction leads to OZONE formation. TRUE 133. In the stratosphere O2 & O3 interact with solar energy to form a dynamic system 134. Depletion of stratospheric Ozone less effective filtration of solar UV 135. Depletion of stratosphere ozone caused by both natural and man-made sources 136. Increased UV to Skin Cancer 137. The agreement to ban chlorofluorocarbons is the Montreal Protocol. 138. The agreement to reduce and ultimately ban the manufacture and use of CFCs goes by the name of: = Montreal Protocol 139. If 2 mole of O3 needs 3 moles of O2, then 30 moles of Ozone needs 45 moles O2 140. Welders are at risk to Ozone exposure TRUE 141. Weakly acidic nature of rain is due to formation of H2CO3 142. pH =1.9 means Acidic 143. pH = 9.2 means Basic 144. NaOH has pH > 7 145. Limestone and sulfuric acid react to give CO2 146. Aluminum less soluble in ph=9.2 than at pH =5.6 147. Green house gas is Methane 148. Nuclear is a non-fossil fuel. 149. O2 + O3 + solar energy produces a dynamic system 150. Montreal Protocol signed to ban use of chlorofluorocarbans. 151. non-fossil energy sources such as hydroelectric, solar, nuclear, and wind