...Running head: CHILD MALTREATMENT & JUVENILE DELINQUENCY 1 The Correlation Between Child Maltreatment & Juvenile Delinquency April 6, 2014 CHILD MALTREATMENT & JUVENILE DELINQUENCY 2 Abstract Research suggests that there is a correlation between child maltreatment and juvenile delinquency. The findings indicate that children, who have experienced abuse or neglect during childhood, are at increased risk of committing crimes in adolescence. A substantial number of children enter the juvenile justice system with a history of abuse, with approximately one third of these adolescence are actively associated with a child welfare agency at the time of their initial arrest. This paper attempts to establish a clear definition of physical, sexual and emotional abuse, as well as, neglect, while also reviewing a pattern of subsequent delinquency. The effects of racial, ethnic and gender differences in criminal behavior will be explored. A collaborated effort among youth serving agencies is discussed as a method of prevention of child maltreatment and future delinquency. CHILD MALTREATMENT & JUVENILE DELINQUENCY 3 Juvenile delinquency is a serious public health concern. Throughout literature, child and adolescent maltreatment are consistently identified as powerful predictors of juvenile and adult crime. In 2009, law enforcement agencies arrested approximately 1.9 million persons under the age of 18 “ (Ryan, Williams, & Courtney, 2013, p.454)...
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...Child neglect, which is the most common form of maltreatment in the United States, has been repeatedly linked to an increased risk of delinquency. Recent studies about the link between abuse and delinquency present a very strong case for a strong connection between childhood abuse and neglect and later delinquent and criminal behavior. It is my belief and own personal experience, from growing up in the poverty-stricken areas of Chicago, that child neglect does lead to an increased risk of delinquency. This paper will analyze multiple past and current studies regarding the topic of Child Neglect and Juvenile Delinquency. A serious consequence of child maltreatment is an increased risk for crime and violence. In addition to the direct consequences...
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...Child abuse and Neglect to Juvenile Crime TESST College of Technology Juvenile Delinquency September 5, 2012 I believe that maltreatment does influence a juvenile in becoming a delinquent. The juvenile learns that this is acceptable behavior from the people that have the most influence in their lives. Once they realize that this is not a tolerated behavior they tend to act out in all sorts of forms, upon themselves and others. They now hold no fear in defying society. Maltreatment does have an influence upon delinquent behaviors. "Maltreatment is referred to as the parental behaviors that are considered acts intended to inflict physical or psychological harm and that reflect a lack of concern for the adolescent's well-being, sense of self and social competence." (Kilpatrick, Saunders, Benjamin & Smith, 2003). Maltreatment causes neurological damage, deficits in cognitive socio-emotional functioning, and learning of antisocial problem solving and failure in school. Today's society seems out to punish the delinquents for their behavior. Life at home, their morals and values learned through their parents should also be examined as well. Children are like clay, what is molded and pounded into them hardens and is that way until it is melted and restructured. People need to take into consideration how they were raised and what was taught to them their whole life. Yet, there are exceptions to this. Some children just have problems brought about on their own. Prominent...
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...2013 Delinquent Behavior by Maltreated Juveniles Maltreatment of youths directly influences whether or not a child will participate in acts of delinquency. In Child Maltreatment and Juvenile Delinquency: Investigating the Role of Placement and Placement Instability, Joseph P. Ryan and Mark F. Testa evaluate the results of maltreatment in youth and try to determine if placement in substitute care helps prevent or cause acts of delinquency. Child maltreatment, by definition, is an event occurring within the family or substitute care setting (such as a foster home, group home or daycare center). Physical abuse and neglect of children is best understood as “the manifestation of an unfolding sequence of underlying problems that are often initiated prior to the family’s formation and could be located as well in community and cultural conditions.” (Pecora, Whittaker, Maluccio & Barth, 2000) Maltreatment in children happens all the time, but it does not always happen by members of the family. Maltreatment comes in many forms and occurs by people in the community, peers and of course, members of an individual’s family. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services estimated that there were approximately 2.9 million children in the United States in 1999 that were the focus of a child protective investigation. 826,162 of the children in the child protective investigations were associated with a substantiated report of maltreatment. Social Control Theory states that greater social...
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...Early Intervention and Juvenile Delinquency Prevention Evidence from the Chicago Longitudinal Study Carla Robinson Alcorn State University This article discusses the early intervention and juvenile delinquency prevention. The role of an educational intervention and child, family, peer and school level prediction on court reported juvenile delinquency. This paper will discuss the importance of early intervention and schooling factors in reducing delinquency and highlights the benefits of early intervention as one mechanism for delinquency prevention. Child parent centered preschools programs found long term benefits of an early childhood educational intervention on court reported measures of juvenile delinquency. The current strongest family factor associated with delinquency was child abuse and neglect between ages four and eleven. Child maltreatment was associated with juvenile delinquency; other family factors such as parental involvement in schools were not significantly associated with any delinquency outcome. Child maltreatment was associated with both delinquency and drug arrest. It incorporates the system approach because it shows that all systems are linked to juvenile delinquency whether it is good or bad. The family system plays the biggest role as well as the environment. The children have to have a positive relationship between all of the systems for them not to have a predicator that can cause delinquency. The three conclusions that that are in...
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...micro system refers to the individual and their specific needs, problems, and strengths. Micro systems focus on how the individual might address issues, generate solutions, and make the best effective choices (Zastrow, 2009). Micro systems look at different ways to enhance a person’s functioning in society. These include physical and psychological issues. In contrast to the micro system, the mezzo system consists of small groups. Families, work ties, and social groups are part of the mezzo system. The mezzo system is often closely related to the micro system because it is difficult to distinguish an individual from themselves and their groups. An example of this would be a child and his peers at school. The child is an individual in of themselves but, the peer group (social) is also very much a part of the child. Finally, the macro system...
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...CPS – Hurt Page 1 Child Protection Services (CPS) and How Juveniles Are Affected Jessie Hurt SOC-331 Social Justice & Ethics Instructor Jen Brockel January 14th, 2013 CPS - Hurt Page 2 “Nearly five children die every day in America from abuse and neglect, and in 2010, an estimated 1,560 children died from abuse and neglect in the United States.” (Alliance, 2012) Children who are being abused and taken from their families, put into foster care systems and/or even adopted out to other families, these children are far more likely to turn to the streets and drugs as a result of their circumstances. Although Child Protection Services (CPS) has changed from the early 1800’s one problem still remains in effect and that is trying to prevent juvenile delinquency through this service, because numerous mistreated children make the jump from innocence to delinquency and find themselves in the juvenile justice system, other systems of care, or in extreme cases they find themselves in adult criminal court. “As child abuse and/ or neglect increases the risk of arrest as a juvenile by 55% and the risk of committing a violent crime by 96%.” (Bilchik & Nash, Fall 2008) Child Protection Services (CPS) history in America is divided into 3 eras. The first era was from colonial times until 1875 and was known as being the “era before organized protection” (Myers, 2008) and the...
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...Childhood Maltreatment to Delinquency Women account for nearly eight to ten percent of the offending population (accounting for jails, prisons, community supervision, or a combination of these) (Hanser 2006: 329). In both men and women, there are a number of variables and precursors that lead to delinquency or criminal behavior, ranging from socioeconomic status to development, and may be understood and examined through the lens of multiple theories of crime. One variable in particular, the sexual maltreatment of young girls, could in fact be a major factor of female offending in adulthood. A study conducted by the Bureau of Justice Statistics in 1999 found that female offenders are abused more frequently than male offenders. While only...
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...and Effects of Child Abuse and Neglect I. INTRODUCTION A. Background Information 1. Child Abuse and Neglect (Hermes, A. (2014). Causes & Effects of Child Abuse. Retrieved from http://www.livestrong.com/article/229260-causes-effects-of-child-abuse) 2. Causes and Effects of Child Abuse (Hermes, A. (2014). Causes & Effects of Child Abuse. Retrieved from http://www.livestrong.com/article/229260-causes-effects-of-child-abuse) B. Thesis statement 1. How and why children are abused 2. Cause and Effects a. Abused vs. Not Abused 3. Long Term Consequences 4. What can be done to prevent child abuse 5. Programs Available I. BODY A. How and Why Children are Abused 1. General and Main Causes 2. Physical, Psychological, and Behavioral Effects a. Immaturity, Unrealistic, or Lack of Parenting Knowledge (Hermes, A. (2014). Causes & Effects of Child Abuse. Retrieved from http://www.livestrong.com/article/229260-causes-effects-of-child-abuse) b. Long Term Consequences (Department of Child Welfare. (2013). Long term consequences of child abuse and neglect. Retrieved from https://www.childwelfare.gov/pubs/factsheets/long_term_consequences.pdf) 3. Main Causes, Consequences, and Prevention B. Prevention of Child Abuse ...
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...Macro Systems Paper There are a lot of different areas that affect us as individuals, communities, and as families. There are expectations on how people believe things should be. As a human service professional it is important to understand the different areas of social systems and what roles we as professionals and the other things that will play a part in these areas. Throughout this paper we will discuss personal, interpersonal, and political empowerment, macro systems, individual involvement with the different social systems, and poverty. According to Lippincott and Wilkins, Inc. (2007), “The term empowerment has different meanings in different sociocultural and political contexts. Broadly speaking, empowerment refers to the expansion of assets and capabilities of poor people to participate in, negotiate with, influence, control, and hold accountable institutions that affect people’s lives.” (p. 120). With there being so many different definition’s and understandings of empowerment, we are only going to review three areas, personal, interpersonal, and political empowerment. Personal empowerment is something we all have experienced at a few different times in our lives. This is when an individual decides to make a positive improvement in their lives or within their community or neighborhood. They stand up for what they believe is right and worth fixing or fighting for, maybe not just for themselves, but for others. At an intimate level we may decide to change how...
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...The present study examines the ways in which early maltreatment can negatively influence adult psychopathology. More specifically, how child abuse and neglect (physical, sexual, and emotional) can increase the chances of acquiring externalizing disorders such as antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and psychopathy in adult criminal offenders (Dargis, Newman, & Koenigs, 2015). The study also examines the effects child abuse has on developing juvenile conduct disorder, which is the diagnostic criterion for ASPD. The researchers had three predictions: 1. childhood physical abuse would correlate with all three disorders; 2. emotional and sexual abuse would relate to CD and ASPD, but only the “lifestyle and criminal” aspects of psychopathy; 3. and...
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...Macro Systems Angelica Bever BSHS 325 June 18, 2015 Maria Perrotta Macro Systems According to Netting, Kettner, McMurtry, & Thomas (2012), “macro practice is a professionally guided intervention designed to bring about planned change in organizations and communities.” This paper will be discussing the concept of personal, interpersonal, and political, the ways individuals react in a macro, mezzo, and micro environment. As well as the macro system in response to child maltreatment, sexual abuse, crime and delinquency. The paper will also compare and contrast the functionalism and interactionist theory to poverty. Lastly, the role and responsibility of the human service worker in the macro environment will be discussed. Personal, Interpersonal, and Political Empowerment “…Personal, interpersonal, and political power enables individuals to gain greater control over their environments and attain their aspirations to enable them to gain greater control over their environments and attain their aspirations” (Gutierrez & Lewis, 1999). The concept of personal empowerment comes within you. It is self-reliance and making your own decisions, following responsibilities. You understand and know where you are headed. It is coming to the realization that something must change. An example of personal empowerment is a wife leaving her abusive husband because she is tired of being abused. She has come to the realization that something must be changed. Interpersonal empowerment...
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...they had an eating disorder, inadequate or under-nutrition, suicidal tendencies, lack of concentration, or disturbed behavior, compared to those children who were not exposed to abuse and neglect (Christofferson, 2009)” Consequently, research has suggested that children suffer social and emotional problems such as hostility, low self esteem, aggression, high incidence of juvenile delinquency, and so on....
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...Child Abuse and Neglect 29 30 Dimensions and Critical Issues of Child Maltreatment in the African American Community: Causation, Consequences, and Prospects Presenter: Respondent: Joyce N. Thomas, R.N., M.P.H. Robert Pierce, Ph.D. Introduction African Americans, the largest minority population in the United States, suffer disproportionately from preventable diseases and deaths—(Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Minority Health, 1994). This statement from the Office of Minority Health not only captures the tragic problem of health related issues of African Americans, it also applies to the social welfare problems of these children and their families. Each year over 2,000 children die at the hands of their parents or caretakers (U.S. Advisory Board on Child Abuse and Neglect, 1995). Abuse and neglect in the home are considered one of the leading causes of death for children four years of age and younger and the largest number of child abuse fatalities is due to severe head trauma. Homicide statistics are only part of the grim reality, with near–fatal abuse and neglect accounting for more than 18,000 permanently disabled children, and approximately 142,000 serious injuries (Baladerian, 1991). Findings from the report, A Nation’s Shame: Fatal Child Abuse and Neglect in the United States, indicate that African Americans are overrepresented in both fatalities and near–fatal injuries (U.S. Advisory Board on Child Abuse and Neglect, 1995). Research shows that...
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...true, yet and still child abuse occurs throughout the society. Have you ever seen a child that looked like they just wanted to cry out for help in whatever way they felt comfortable? Child abuse occur in all families, regardless of the race, religion, or community. Abused and neglected children are more likely to experience depression, post traumatic stress disorders, and are more likely to engage in criminal activity than children who were not mistreated. Therefore to help maltreated children cope with their emotions we should nurture the and place them into foster care even if its temporary. Likewise, maltreated children...
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