...The case study Slavery in the Chocolate Industry raises systemic, corporate, and individual ethical issues with all the parties involved in the chocolate industry. Systemic issues in business ethics are ethical questions raised about the economic, political, legal, and other institutions within which business operate. (M. Velasques) Corporate issues in business ethics are ethical are ethical questions raised about a particular organization. These include questions about the morality of the activities, policies, practices, or organizational structure of an individual company taken as a whole. (M. Velasques) Individual issues in business ethics are ethical questions raised about a particular individual or particular individuals within a company and their behaviors and discussions. These include questions about the morality of the decisions, actions, or character of an individual. (M. Velasques) The farmers who are kidnapping or buying children on a “black market” type situation are displaying their individual ethical issues. They have no concern for the boy’s welfare, their only concern is to make a profit off the cocoa beans they farm. The systemic ethical issues raised in this case study are the public officials in the neighboring communities of the cocoa farmers who allow the sale of children and who take bribes from the farmers enslaving these children. The corporate ethics issue present in the case is with the large manufactures in the chocolate industry fighting...
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...miner in Africa live in poverty, earning and average pay of less than a dollar a day. Also, child labor is overly common and their working conditions are very frequently hazardous. The connection of violence...
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...the South and triggered a new surge of tyrannical legislation which forbade the movement, education, and assembly of slaves. It stiffened pro-slavery, anti-abolitionist convictions which continued in the district until the American Civil War in 1861. Historian Eric...
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...CQ Researcher Published by CQ Press, a division of Congressional Quarterly Inc. thecqresearcher.com Human Trafficking and Slavery Are the world’s nations doing enough to stamp it out? F rom the villages of Sudan to the factories, sweatshops and brothels of India and South Asia, slavery and human trafficking still flourish. Some 27 million people worldwide are held in some form of slavery, forced prostitution or bonded labor. Some humanitarian groups buy captives’ freedom, but critics say that only encourages slave traders to seize more victims. Meanwhile, nearly a million people Abducted from her village in southern Sudan when she was 6 years old, Akuac Malong was enslaved in northern Sudan until she was freed at age 13. are forcibly trafficked across international borders annually and held in captivity. Even in the United States, thousands of women and children from overseas are forced to become sex workers. Congress recently strengthened the Trafficking Victims Protection Act, but critics say it is still not tough enough, and that certain U.S. allies that harbor traffickers are treated with “kid gloves” for political reasons. I N S I D E THIS ISSUE THE ISSUES ......................275 BACKGROUND ..................282 CHRONOLOGY ..................283 CURRENT SITUATION ..........287 AT ISSUE ..........................289 OUTLOOK ........................291 The CQ Researcher • March 26, 2004 • www.thecqresearcher.com Volume...
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...The topic of slavery has caused a striking conversation for decades. Often when people think about slavery they only think about slavery in America before the Civil War. Slave trade began in the fifteenth century, when the Portuguese began exploring the coast of West Africa. Slavery then continued out to the rest of South America, the Middle East, and Europe. Soon more people became a part of the Atlantic Slave trade. Some Africans would be sent to Europe, because they were conditioned to work in a tropical environment, and the Europeans wanted workers who could work in any environment. During the high mid century serfdom was introduced in Europe. Much like slavery, serfdom linked peasants to a plot of land owned by their lord. Though they...
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...cover the following arguments such as residential schools, slavery and the Sierra Leone civil war. Residential schools had a negative impact on Aboriginal people, many children suffered greatly. The government thought Aboriginal people’s history and culture were not worth preserving and acknowledged.This resulted to loss of culture, they were stripped out of their traditional ways and culture and taken away from their families. Rita Joe wrote a poem about how her voice...
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...supply but is also really cheap. So how does one create a copious amount of something and sell it for cheap? Cocoa bean grows primarily in Western Africa, Asia, and Latin America because of their tropical climates. The cocoa beans are what makes chocolate in general. 70% of the world’s cocoa is supplied by Western Africa countries such as Ghana and in the Ivory Coast. “The cocoa they grow and harvest is sold to a majority of chocolate companies, including the largest in the world.” However, as the years have gone by, news about child labor happening in this industry has hit the media multiple times. Journalists and organization try spreading the word on what’s happening with all the child labor in this industry, but it doesn’t always get the attention it should receive. This can be because of no one really wants to know where all the good stuff is coming from. Another reason, why we do not know more about this child labor news in the industry is because the industry has become really secretive and thus creating journalist to have a hard time to get the real news on what’s happening. One interesting aspect of this news is that, “the farms of Western Africa supply cocoa to international giants such as Hershey’s, Mars and Nestle- revealing the industry’s direct connection to the worst forms of child labor, human trafficking, and slavery.” The Ivory Coast runs on the revenue received on the exports of cocoa. Due to the chocolate industry...
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...Child Slavery * In the 21st century the statistic for child slavery is increasing rapidly. * In most report that has shown there are 127 million boys and 88 million girls in the world that are involved in child slavery and 74 million boys and 41 million girls were in a worse state for health conditions. * Girls that are trafficked usually end up in the sex industry. * Exactly 300 000 children under the age of 18 were trafficked to serve as soldiers in wars. * 30% of children that are sold into the sex industry were only 11 years old and in the worst case scenarios they were 8 years old. * Families suffered from famine and poverty sold their children into slavery and the younger the child are the more profit the traffickers and recruiters receive. * In the worldwide statistic for human trafficking there are 13 million children around the world that are victims to this horrific cycle. * Child slavery is the most significant concern for many parts in the world especially areas like Asia (153 million), Africa (8 million), Latin America and Caribbean (17 million). * Some children in the working industries were force to constructing something in the factory or loom shed for up to 18 hours a day and never have a rest. * Girls are being sold a lot in the domestic slavery and they are force to work without getting paid and the negative impacts on them are being physically, sexually and emotional abused. * Accident = Due to most children inexperience...
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...Table of contents Contents Summary ................................................................................................................................................. 2 The benefits of the “big4” ....................................................................................................................... 3 Kraft..................................................................................................................................................... 3 Nestlé .................................................................................................................................................. 3 Mars .................................................................................................................................................... 4 The Hershey Company ........................................................................................................................ 5 Common project between Marc and Hershey ................................................................................... 6 “Big4”, consequentialism and utilitarianism....................................................................................... 6 Moral and human rights infractions ....................................................................................................... 7 Recommendations for cocoa and chocolate industry ............................................................................ 9 Challenges remaining for...
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...was not a new phenomenon in our modern societies, in fact, between the fifteenth and nineteenth centuries, at least 10 million people were enslaved from their countries in Africa and transported to both Europe and the Americas as part of the Atlantic slave trade. This trade was driven by strong demand for workers to work on farms in the Americas. In the end, human trafficking became an important part of an international trading system in which Europeans and North Americans exchanged goods for human straight the West and West Central Atlantic coasts of Africa. In 1502, the first African slaves were traded in the New World. In the 1600s, African workers began to use in the British Caribbean...
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...flash back on flash back and the clear illustration of themes and morals in the novel. The novel is said to be the best of the author, Buchi Emecheta’s collection. Nnu ego, the main character of the novel shows us the unfamiliar side where the relationship of females to motherhood, and how our cultural norms provide basics for judgement by humans. The novel rejects the feminist codes normally associated with motherhood. In the world we live in, we come across different societal cultures and norms, in this very essay we discuss the negative aspects of women adhering to societal norms and how women all round the world are likely to end up like Nnu Ego. Nigeria is a larger country with different cultures where some believe the first born child must be a girl, while others also believe in sending off their female children as soon as their ready for marriage. Such actives have been responsible for many societal problems faced in Nigeria. The novel by Buchi Emecheta shows us the violence that our culture causes makes people to develop some kind of violence against people who do not follow cultural norms, a good example was when it was time for Agunwa to be buried, Nwokocha Agbadis eldest wife who is said to have died due to the unpleasant scene of her husband and Ona. It’s a culture in their land that the personal slaves of Agunwa be buried with her as she will need them in her afterlife, they have a belief that good slaves will jump into the grave willingly, but this beautiful girl...
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..................... 3-4 Moral and Human Rights Infractions ............................................................. 4-5 Recommendation........................................................................................... 6-7 Challenges.........................................................................................................7 References.........................................................................................................8 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Chocolate is really extremely delicious and many people are addicted to it, But did they have a background that this chocolate are coming from the worst conditions of children suffer. In our report we present some of main elements of slavery in the chocolate industry which they are, Firstly the benefit that cocoa industry get from the US big 4. Moreover, we are going to explain the moral and human right infraction in the farms and the difficulty they are faced. In additional, there is section for the recommendation that we applied to solve the problem in cocoa industry and improve the situation. And the results of these recommendations have some challenges that will affect to cocoa industry. BENEFIT OF THE “BIG 4” Cocoa is important source for the people, “According to the World Cocoa Foundation 50 million people worldwide depend on cocoa as a source of livelihood”. The United State industry make “13 billion dollar by bringing in over 400 thousand tons of cocoa beans” which...
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...Child labour Child labour refers to the employment of children in any work that deprives children of their childhood, interferes with their ability to attend regular school, and that is mentally, physically, socially or morally dangerous and harmful.[3] This practice is considered exploitative by many international organisations. Legislations across the world prohibit child labour.[4][5] These laws do not consider all work by children as child labour; exceptions include work by child artists, supervised training, certain categories of work such as those by Amish children, and others.[6][7] Child labour was employed to varying extents through most of history. Before 1940, numerous children aged 5–14 worked in Europe, the United States and various colonies of European powers. These children worked in agriculture, home-based assembly operations, factories, mining and in services such as newsies. Some worked night shifts lasting 12 hours. With the rise of household income, availability of schools and passage of child labour laws, the incidence rates of child labour fell.[8][9][10] In developing countries, with high poverty and poor schooling opportunities, child labour is still prevalent. In 2010, sub-saharan Africa had the highest incidence rates of child labour, with several African nations witnessing over 50 percent of children aged 5–14 working.[11] Worldwide agriculture is the largest employer of child labour.[12] Vast majority of child labour is found in rural settings and informal...
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...Introduction child labor, use of the young as workers in factories, farms, and mines. Child labor was first recognized as a social problem with the introduction of the factory system in late 18th-century Great Britain. Children had formerly been apprenticed (see apprenticeship) or had worked in the family, but in the factory their employment soon constituted virtual slavery, especially among British orphans. This was mitigated by acts of Parliament in 1802 and later. Similar legislation followed on the European Continent as countries became industrialized. Although most European nations had child labor laws by 1940, the material requirements necessary during World War II brought many children back into the labor market. Legislation concerning child labor in other than industrial pursuits, e.g., in agriculture, has lagged. In the Eastern and Midwestern United States, child labor became a recognized problem after the Civil War, and in the South after 1910. Congressional child labor laws were declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court in 1918 and 1922. A constitutional amendment was passed in Congress in 1924 but was not approved by enough states. The First Labor Standards Act of 1938 set a minimum age limit of 18 for occupations designated hazardous, 16 for employment during school hours for companies engaged in interstate commerce, and 14 for employment outside school hours in nonmanufacturing companies. In 1941 The Supreme Court ruled that Congress had the constitutional...
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...How are children enslaved in West Africa? Traffickers usually approach poor families and offer them as little as $15 to hand their son or daughter over to an employer. Many of the families who agree to sell their children hope that their child's employment will lead them to a better life filled with more opportunities. After the children are purchased from their parents, they are secretly transported to nearby countries. The journey is often treacherous and many children die during the transport. The trafficker then places the children in 'employment' with a host family, but he or she receives the children's wages. The children receive no money for their labour. Trafficked children work in both commercial and domestic sectors. Many work hard on coffee and cocoa plantations. They are also sold as prostitutes. The children are bonded to the traffickers or to the person to whom they are sold. It is nearly impossible for them to work off the debt they owe to the trafficker and the childrens' families rarely have the means to raise enough money to buy them back. Child slaves work between 10 and 20 hours per day, often seven days a week. They are given little to no time for rest, play or education. Often, the children are not given adequate food, clothing or healthcare. Furthermore, the enslaved raja.balqis2children run a high risk of being physically or sexually abused. Some child slaves successfully escape from slaveholders, but the majority are unable to return...
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