...injured parties, unethical behavior, and how to avoid unethical behavior are based on the article Cigarettes with “Defective Filters Marketed for 40 Years: What Philip Morris Never Told Smokers” (Pauly, 2002). Unethical Research According to the article Phillip Morris a major supplier of cigarettes world-wide has been selling filtered cigarettes for over 40 years with some major issues. While the cigarettes are made in the factory some of the micro filaments in the filter break making fragments. When the consumer goes to smoke the cigarette these fragments release when the individual is puffing. The problem with this is cellulose acetate fragments and carbon particles are released; when this occurs the filter is defective. Phillip Morris was aware of this problem naming it “fall-out” but did not disclose this information to the public and alert consumers that the product may be releasing harmful chemicals that are not normally released. Upon further review of Phillip Morris documents 61 documents containing information regarding fall-out were reviewed and the earliest reference to filter fall-out came from 1957 (Pauly, p. 51, 2002). “A 1999 report that details the revisions of the “fall-out” protocol of the Phillip Morris, Inc., and reports the results of tests that measured the discharge of cellulose acetate fibers and silica gel from beta cigarettes with a new type of filter” (Pauly, p. 51, 2002). Results of the tests...
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...Aceter as an Alternative Glue Jean Alnic P. Collamar Gladys Mae V. Gomez Keneth B. Taburnal Submitted In Partial Fulfillment of the requirements In Research II Apas National High School Apas, Cebu City August 2012 Mrs. Jannis May V. Antolijao Research Adviser Abstract A cigarette filter is used to strain the dangerous ingredients of the cigarette. Most Filipinos are smokers or cigarette users which is part of their fashion, but sad to say that they just throw their waste anywhere and because of this habit we are challenged to help our beloved country on its campaign against improper disposal of garbage. ...
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...Garbage to Adhesive “The Feasibility of an Adhesive Obtained from Cigarette Butts and Acetone” Abstract Cigarette butts are the most common waste of our world nowadays. Many people are using cigarettes for relieving stress. After consuming these cigarettes, they just throw it anywhere. In the park, streets and alleys where everywhere you look you’ll see cigarette butts. As a concerned citizen we decided to make a new useful product. The purpose of this project is to lessen waste due to cigarette butts and turn it into something reusable. By this project, we can help the environment by decreasing the waste scattered everywhere, stop pollution and reduce waste that is dangerous not just for environment but also to our health....
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...Investigatory Project 01 Investigatory projects I. Pyrolisis of plastic wastes materials for the production of plywood substitute II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. IX. Marang (Artocarpus ordorotissimus) peelings as hardiflex – like Ethyl alcohol from ripe banana peelings Rat killer extract from tuble roots Fuel briquettes from dried banana leaves and waste papers Coconut sheath substitute of abaca fiber Commercial glue from Talisay resin Butter derive from marang (Artocarpus odoratissima) seed Marang seeds as alternative source for commercial flour 02 Investigatory projects I. II. III. IV. V. Compendium of investigatory studies Basic geological concepts Maps and compass Rocks and fire Fungus Puccinia graminis as mycoherbicide 03 Investigatory projects I. II. III. IV. Sea cucumber (Cucumaria miniamata) as a potential source of leather Fiberglass from Apitong sap (Dipterocarpus grandiflorus) Rat killer extract from tuble roots Tetrodotoxin from bile of puffer (Sphoeroides maculates) as a potential source of stem borer pesticide V. VI. VII. VIII. Glue out of cigarette filer and acetone Roof sealant out of Styrofoam and gasoline Radical pesticide from garongin Chaetomorpha aerea a potential source of biogas 04 Investigatory projects I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. IX. Sawdust as an alternative source for corkboard Woodcraft from banana peduncle Lumber from carabao manure Herbal leaves produced herbal ointment The wonder of Cobong plant Cyperus Esculenta Cassaw-dustenta as...
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...A cigarette (from the French for "small cigar". Cigar comes, through the Spanish and Portuguese cigarro, from the Mayan siyar; "to smoke rolled tobacco leaves")[1] is a small roll of finely cut tobacco leaves wrapped in a cylinder of thin paper for smoking. The cigarette is ignited at one end and allowed to smoulder; its smoke is inhaled from the other end, which is held in or to the mouth and in some cases a cigarette holder may be used as well. Most modern manufactured cigarettes are filtered and include reconstituted tobacco and other additives.[2] The term cigarette, as commonly used, refers to a tobacco cigarette but can apply to similar devices containing other herbs, such as cloves or cannabis. A cigarette is distinguished from a cigar by its smaller size, use of processed leaf, and paper wrapping, which is normally white, though other colors are occasionally available. Cigars are typically composed entirely of whole-leaf tobacco. Rates of cigarette smoking vary widely, and have changed considerably over the course of history — since cigarettes were first widely used in the mid-20th century. While rates of smoking have over time leveled off or declined in the developed world, they continue to rise in developing nations.[3][4] Cigarettes like other tobacco products, do carry serious health effects with them. Nicotine, the primary psychoactive chemical in tobacco and therefore cigarettes, is addictive.[5] About half of cigarette smokers die of tobacco-related disease[6]...
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...Investigatory Project 01 Investigatory projects I. Pyrolisis of plastic wastes materials for the production of plywood substitute II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. IX. Marang (Artocarpus ordorotissimus) peelings as hardiflex – like Ethyl alcohol from ripe banana peelings Rat killer extract from tuble roots Fuel briquettes from dried banana leaves and waste papers Coconut sheath substitute of abaca fiber Commercial glue from Talisay resin Butter derive from marang (Artocarpus odoratissima) seed Marang seeds as alternative source for commercial flour 02 Investigatory projects I. II. III. IV. V. Compendium of investigatory studies Basic geological concepts Maps and compass Rocks and fire Fungus Puccinia graminis as mycoherbicide 03 Investigatory projects I. II. III. IV. Sea cucumber (Cucumaria miniamata) as a potential source of leather Fiberglass from Apitong sap (Dipterocarpus grandiflorus) Rat killer extract from tuble roots Tetrodotoxin from bile of puffer (Sphoeroides maculates) as a potential source of stem borer pesticide V. VI. VII. VIII. Glue out of cigarette filer and acetone Roof sealant out of Styrofoam and gasoline Radical pesticide from garongin Chaetomorpha aerea a potential source of biogas 04 Investigatory projects I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. IX. Sawdust as an alternative source for corkboard Woodcraft from banana peduncle Lumber from carabao manure Herbal leaves produced herbal ointment The wonder of Cobong plant Cyperus Esculenta Cassaw-dustenta as...
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...Niko Antonas Dr. Janet Bean English Comp I 5/5/13 What Your Mother Was Afraid Of A Smokers World Imagine yourself walking out of class on a fall day, it is not too warm and it is not too cold, you could even say its perfect temperature. It’s a Friday and your feeling good, the sun beats down on your face and you see all of your friends standing around outside of the union doors. You approach them as they laugh and converse amongst themselves. When you finally get there they give you a warm greeting and you realize you are out of cigarettes. You proceed to ask for one and as your friend is pulling you out a cigarette he proceeds to talk trash and give you a hard time for not having any. As you put it to your mouth you realize you do not have a lighter. When you ask for a lighter, you get a specific response “Oh you want me to smoke it for you too?” As you light the cigarette, you begin to inhale and feel the thick, deliciously deadly smoke enter your lungs. You feel the burning sensation all over you. As you continue to ingest the horrible gas, you and your friends continue to talk and laugh. Then you slowly begin to realize that smoking is about more than just an addiction. It is about bringing your friends together. Smokers can identify themselves with other smokers and find similar interests; it’s like a sports team, except not nearly as healthy. In this essay I will allow readers to understand and identify that smokers are not just people they are complete strangers...
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...3.3.1 The Specialty of Jute Yarn: i.Hydrocarbon free/Vegetable oil treated Jute yarn on demand.ii.Using of the world's finest hard district Jute in the batch.iii.Maintaining strict shipment schedule.iv.Do not compromising when it comes to quality and Akij Jute Mills Ltd.may most humbly claim that they are the cleanest jute mill in the world. 3.4 AKIJ MATCH FACTORY LTD. Akij Match Factory Ltd. has been established in the year 1992 at a beautiful site near Muktarpur Ghat on the bank of river Sitalakshaya. It is a fully automatic match factorywhich produces 100% Carburized high quality safety matches.Dolphin is the brand name of the matches produced from this factory. the quality is very strictly controlled. At every stage, non standard products (wood layersor sticks) are rejected. However, these are not wasted. The sticks, wood layers and anyother scrap wood goes to be recycled in AKIJ Particle and Hardboard Mills. The faults inthe rejected matches are dealt with and these are packed manually. 3.5 AKIJ FOOD AND BEVERAGE LTD. “Brings Quality in Life”. Akij Food & Beverage Ltd (AFBL) a big name in Food processing & marketing sectorsstarted their journey officially on 2006 with three products but within this six year company able to add lot of products on its rosters. AFBL factory is located 50 kilometers outside from capital Dhaka in Krishanapura,Dhamrai. The factory is above 100,000 square meters. The total numbers of employeesare about 1200 people. And among them...
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...1 Cadmium is a soft, malleable metal that is found in the earth's crust. Cadmium emissions can originate from several anthropogenic sources from the burning of fossil fuels or trash, smoking cigarettes, pesticides, or manufacturing activities. As it is naturally found in the earth, it obviously can be found naturally. Natural sources of cadmium include the weathering of rocks to volcanoes and forest fires to certain foods (Lenntech, 2011). Health effects of cadmium are wide-ranged. Acute effects can result in bronchial and pulmonary irritation, which can be long-term. Chronic effects include frequent formation of kidney stones, emphysema, and damage to vital organs and nervous systems (EPA, 2007). Accumulations of cadmium in the kidneys can be responsible for severe kidney damage, which will persist because it takes quite some time for cadmium to be excreted (Lenntech, 2011). While there is not enough information to conclude that cancer can be caused by cadmium exposure, it is believed that those regularly inhaling cadmium emissions will be at a higher risk for carcinogenic formations. Environmental effects of cadmium can be found in the soil, water, and air. Soil is exposed to cadmium because of artificial phosphate fertilizers and pesticides that are utilized in agricultural areas. As earthworms ingest soil, they become at risk for concentrations of cadmium. If they are exposed, and then die, not only will the soil be affected, but the plants that are in that soil will...
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...AN INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT ON GODAVARI BIOREFINERIES LTD. SAKARWADI UNDER GUIDANCE OF MR. SACHIN SASKAR IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF BE CHEMICAL DEGREE OF UNIVERSITY OF PUNE DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AISSMS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, PUNE -1 2012 – 13 SUBMITED BY |SR.NO |NAME OF STUDENTS | |1. |BADJATE ANIKET | |2. |BORKAR SWAPNIL | |3. |BHAVE VAIBHAV | |4. |KAMBLE ROHIT | |5. |JADHAV ABHISHEK | |6. |DATIR SANJAY | |7. |CHOUDHARI JIGAR ...
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...Heart Disease……………………………………………………… 2. Stroke…………………………………………………………………………. 3. Other Heart Disease………………………………………………………….. C. Effects in Respiratory System…………………………………………………….. 1. Asthma………………………………………………………………………... 2. Irritation of Respiratory Tract………………………………………………… D. Effects in Neurological System……………………………………………………. 1. Dementia………………………………………………………………………. E. Effects During Pregnancy…………………………………………………………. F. Effects to Children…………………………………………………………………. 1. Respiratory Health…………………………………………………………….. 2. Middle Ear Disease……………………………………………………………. 3. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)………………………………………… VI. PREVENTING THE DANGERS OF SECONDHAND SMOKE……………………………. A. Use of Electronic Cigarette……………………………………………………………….. B. Production of Smoking Cessation Aids………………………………………………….. C. Total Smoking...
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...Chapter 15-Promoting Environment Health The global population has grown more in the past 50 years than at any other time in human history, posing a potentially devastating threat to the natural resources we consume and our capacity to survive. Polar ice caps and glaciers are melting at rates that surpass even the most dire predictions of just a decade ago, and threats of rising sea levels loom large. One in four mammals is now threatened with extinction as humans destroy habitat, exacerbate drought and flooding due to climate change, voraciously consume precious resources, and pollute the environment. Clean water is becoming scare, fossil fuels are being depleted at unprecedented rates, and massive amounts of solid and hazardous waste are threatening the future of all living things. We must reduce consumption, waste less, be less selfish when it comes to personal comfort and perceived needs, and force governments to enact and enforce environmentally responsible legislation. The Threat of Overpopulation The United Nations projects that the world population will grow from its current level of 7 billion to 9.3 billion by 2050 and over 10.1 billion by 2100. Tomorrow’s population will be more industrialized, consume more resources, and produce even more waste than did previous generations unless actions are taken to control population growth. Bursting with People: Measuring the Impact Carrying capacity of the earth- the largest population that can be supported indefinitely...
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...COMMUNICATION PROBLEMS FACED BY MALACCA HEALTH DEPARTMENT (MHD) ON ANTI SMOKING CAMPAIGN INTRODUCTION Communication refers to the act, by one or more persons, of sending and receiving messages that are distorted by noise, occur within a context, have some effect, and provide some opportunity for feedback. All communication takes place in a context that has at least four dimensions: physical, cultural, social psychological and temporal. Communication always has some effect on one or more person involved in the communication act. For every communication act, there is some consequence. For example, we may gain knowledge or learn how to analyze, synthesize, or evaluate something. These are intellectual or cognitive effects. Or we may acquire or change our attitudes, beliefs, emotions and feelings. These are effective effects. We may even learn new bodily movements, such as throwing a ball or painting a picture, as well as appropriate verbal and nonverbal behaviours. These are psychomotor effects.Communication behaviours, whether they involve verbal messages, gestures, or some combination thereof, usually occur in “packages” (Pittenger,Hockett,& Danehy 1960). Communication is transactional (Barnlund 1970; Watzlawick 1977, 1978; Watzlawick, Beavin, & Jackson 1967; Wilmot 1987). One implication of viewing communication as transactional is that each person is seen as both speaker and listener, as simultaneously sending and receiving messages. Each person in a communication transaction...
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...THE ECONOMIC VALUE OF THE ENVIRONMENT: CASES FROM SOUTH ASIA ECONOMIC VALUATION OF THE MANGROVE ECOSYSTEM ALONG THE KARACHI COASTAL AREAS Samina Khalil Applied Economics Research Institute, Karachi January, 1999 This paper is forthcoming in Joy E. Hecht, ed., The Economic Value of the Environment: Cases from South Asia, to be published by IUCN in 1999. This paper is copyrighted by IUCN/US. It may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit uses, without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. All four papers in the forthcoming volume are available on the web at http://www.iucnus.org/publications.html. ECONOMIC VALUATION OF THE MANGROVE ECOSYSTEM ALONG THE KARACHI COASTAL AREAS Samina Khalil Applied Economics Research Institute, Karachi ABSTRACT The mangroves of the Indus River Delta in the Karachi, Pakistan coastal areas provide a wealth of goods and services to people who live and work among them. However, these products are not sold in established markets, so their economic importance goes unrecognized. As a result, the expansion of regional industry, agriculture, and population are permitted to threaten the sustainability of the mangrove ecosystems. This study describes the broad array of goods and services provided by the mangroves, and uses market data to estimate the economic value of a few of them. It then argues for the importance of more thorough ...
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...“The Effectiveness of Saccharum spontaneum (Kans Grass) for the Production of Paper” Chapter I The Problem and it’s Setting Introduction Paper is very important to every man’s life. It is used by all types of people mostly students for personal or general purposes. That is why production of paper increases dramatically every year. Paper is made from the cellulose fibres that are present in hard wood and softwood plants. Usually, paper trees are being processed to produce paper. However, due to the rapid increase of the demands in paper, the source of these is being lessen little by little. Paper trees which is the main source of paper were cut and almost extinct. These facts gave the researchers the idea of conducting a research study entitled “The Effectiveness of Saccharum spontaneum (Kans grass) for the Production of Paper” that will be an alternative source of paper. Kans grass are suitable for making paper because it’s structure is just the same with the fibres that is used to make paper. Statement of the Problem This study was conducted to find an alternative source of paper making. It also aims to answer the following specific questions: 1. Is there a significa1nt difference on commercial paper and the paper made from Kans grass? 2. How may the paper made from Kans grass be described in terms of: 2.1) Cost 2.2) Availability 2.3) Efficiency Hypotheses Based on the problems stated, the following hypotheses...
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