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Ciquita Banana

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Universitatea „Lucian Blaga” din Sibiu
Facultatea de Științe Economice

asist. univ. dr. Alma Pentescu
- Sibiu, 2015/2016 -

Fraude, corupție în afaceri – „cazuri celebre”



În politică și mass-media, corupția apare de cele mai multe ori ca un caz izolat scandalos.



În realitate, corupția se modernizează mereu, se legalizează și scapă în cele mai multe cazuri sesizării publice.



Cauza = incapacitatea justițiilor naționale de a demonstra fluxurile corupte de bani de pe plan global.1

“Sistemul Elf”




concernul francez Elf (astăzi Total) – din martie 2003 – cel mai mare proces de corupție care a avut loc vreodată în vreun stat vestic; acuzațiile = plăți pt. drepturi de exploatare a petrolului;

valoarea totală a plăților efectuate =
430 milioane €
+ 35 milioane € pt. achiziționarea la un preț favorabil a benzinăriilor estgermane Minol și a rafinăriei Leuna.2


Siemens & Co.


1990 = mare proces pt. mituire;



a demonstrat că sunt folosite aceleași metode ca în țările în curs de dezvoltare: În SUA, concerne precum Exxon Mobil și Monsanto sprijină campaniile electorale pt. președinție cu milioane de $ și așteaptă în schimb o politică favorabilă industriei.4

folosirea unui intermediar extern,



flux de bani acoperit,



deschiderea unui cont în Elveția pt. destinatarii banilor,







declararea în comisioanelor, 

ridicarea prețului contractului.3

fals

a

plății



Dați exemple de firme implicate în scandaluri de corupție / fraude / abuzuri sau prezentați succint diferite asemenea cazuri.

Costurile lipsei eticii în afaceri:


distrugerea reputației;



scăderea veniturilor, câștigurilor, donațiilor, prețurilor acțiunilor;



creșterea
/
reglementării;



procese și plata daunelor.

intensificarea

Multinaționalele și comportamentul etic și responsabil social

Programul
World
Vision
România „Vreau în clasa a noua”, susținut timp de 6 ani consecutiv de KFC și Pizza Hut5



În perioada 1 - 31 octombrie, oricine poate dona 1 Leu în restaurantele KFC şi
Pizza Hut, fără a fi nevoit să cumpere ceva.



KFC şi Pizza Hut strâng fonduri pt. copiii români care trăiesc în mediul rural, astfel încât aceștia să își poată continua studiile la liceu.



Din fondurile colectate, organizația World Vision România va oferi burse pt. 57 de copii fără posibilități materiale:


în zonele rurale din România, doar 55% dintre tineri își continuă studiile la liceu; 

în ultimii 6 ani s-au adunat peste 172.000 €;



peste 500 de copii cu situație materială dificilă au terminat liceul datorită proiectului, iar jumătate dintre ei sunt acum la facultate.



Copiii implicați în proiect sunt selectați în funcție de:
 situația financiară a familiei din care provin,
 rezultatele școlare,
 dorința lor de a merge la școală.



În timpul liceului, aceștia beneficiază de o bursă lunară care le acoperă cheltuielile necesare pt. a-şi continua studiile.



Campania face parte din programul World Hunger Relief, cea mai mare inițiativă internațională din sectorul privat, lansată de World Food
Programme, o subsidiară a Organizației Națiunilor Unite.


Programul World Hunger Relief este susținut anual de YUM!, fiind prezent în peste 130 de țări şi teritorii şi în mai mult de 39.000 de restaurante KFC,
Pizza Hut şi Taco Bell şi implicând aproape 1,5 milioane de angajați.

Țara lui Andrei6, susținut timp de 4 ani de OMV Petrom



Țara lui Andrei = program de responsabilitate socială, realizat de OMV Petrom, care vizează următoarele 3 direcții:
 protejarea mediului,
 dezvoltarea comunitară,
 educația.



Compania își propune să susțină românii în construirea unei comunități mai bune pt. ei și pt. viitorul lor.7



Pt. rezultate și raportul de implicare în comunitate OMV Petrom 2014 vezi: http://www.taraluiandrei.ro/implicarea-petrom/raport-de-implicare-incomunitate-2014 Companiile cu cea mai bună reputație în ceea ce privește activitățile de CSR8

LEGO

Microsoft
Google
Walt
Disney

BMW

Apple

Daimler
(Mercedes
-Benz)

Volkswagen

Sony

Colgate-Palmolive

Surse bibliografice
1 – Werner K.; Weiss H. (2004), Noua carte neagră a firmelor de marcă. Intrigile concernelor internaționale, ed. Aquila ’93, pp. 226-227
2 – Idem, pp. 227-228

3 – Idem, p. 229
4 – Idem, p. 231
5 – http://www.kfc.ro/world-hunger-relief/articol/programul-world-vision-romania-vreauin-clasa-a-noua-sustinut-timp-de-6-ani-consecutiv-de-kfc-si-pizza-hut
6 – http://www.taraluiandrei.ro/
7
– http://www.smark.ro/articol/24671/noi-orizonturi-pt.-tara-lui-andrei-petromrelanseaza-cel-mai-important 8 – http://www.forbes.com/pictures/efkk45mmlm/the-10-companies-with-the-best-csrreputations/

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