...Press Release of a diverse culture. The criminal justice system in today’s world is affected by language barriers in communication in their ability to enforce the law properly, by the increasing amounts of people migrating into the United States legal and illegally. The United States government and law enforcement are constantly doing studies and mapping trends of people crossing our borders to migrate to the United States to be able to make a better life for themselves and their families, by the alarming rates of people applying for green cards and citizenships. A Green Card or permanent resident card serves as proof of a person's lawful permanent resident status in the United States. That allows the person with the Green Card to have right to live and work permanently in the United States or even become a American citizen. A person’s valid green card also means that he or she by law is registered in the U.S. in accordance with all United States immigration laws. People who obtain a green card before 1989, the green card use to remain valid permanently. Since 1989 the immigration laws have changed that everyone must renew their green cards every 10 years. The law is also enforced in the same way for people who received their green cards in 1989 or before 1989. The previous versions of green cards are no longer valid everyone is required to renew their green cards every 10 years. (Rachel F., 2011) This is a primary example...
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...and practice ethical behaviors, they must know what ethics means. Ethics is a set of standards that informs individuals how they should behave in every aspect of our lives. Because ethics involves seeing the differences between right and wrong, an individual must make a commitment to do what is right by any means necessary. Ethics is not just doing what an individual must do but also doing what an individual should do. Many individuals failed to realize when they perform unethical behaviors there is a price to pay and not taking the time to think things through before they act may cost them their livelihood as well as damage their credibility and character. However, practicing good ethics can result in one gaining respect integrity among the individuals one interacts with daily. Because all individuals are different and not one individual thinks or view things the same, it easy to determine that as it relates to ethics each individual may have different viewpoints. This ethical scrapbook explored 12 examples related to ethical and unethical values and morals as a team to determine what examples we agreed on and what examples we did not agree on as well as allowed the team to discuss what the disagreement reflected in terms of personal value systems. Additionally this scrapbook referred to Team A values by answering a series of questions. Ethics Scrapbook Team A Review First Team A reviewed three Good Samaritan conduct or random acts of kindness examples and as a team...
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...Michael Walker Park University Abstract The criminal justice system is greatly shaped by the civil rights safeguarded under the Bill of Rights. The court jurisprudence with regard to national security and civil liberties largely revolves around the provisions of the Bill of Rights (Baker, 2003). This paper discusses Chief Justices Earl Warren and William Rehnquist’s significant decisions and the effects they had on the balance between social order maintenance and individual liberties. Warren versus Rehnquist Courts Earl Warren held the position of Chief Justice between 1953 and 1969. He led a liberal majority, who utilized the judicial authority to consternate their conservative opponents. The Warren Court promoted the federal power, judicial power, civil liberties, and civil rights in a dramatic fashion. The Rehnquist Court, on the other hand, took a conservative approach in criminal justice (Pollak, 1979). The most significant case that the Warren Court decided with regard to civil liberties was Brown v Board of Education of Copeka, Kansas (1954). The court unanimously ruled that there is no place for the doctrine of separate but equal doctrine in the sphere of public education. The Warren Court demonstrated its value for liberalism and activism. The view of the Warren Court was that states are a hindrance in the enhancement of a just nation. In the sphere of criminal procedure and law enforcement, Chief Justice Earl Warren’s Court was associated with four chief...
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...The Bill of Rights Kimm Baker AJS-552 April 30, 2012 Steven J. Duplissis J.D. Abstract The first, fourth, fifth, sixth, and fourteenth amendments to the United States Constitution are vital to the citizens of the United States safety and freedoms. These amendments affect the administration of justice and security in different ways we will discuss this relationship and how each are affected. Every division of law enforcement faces challenges, maintains certain objectives to serve, and protect the public. This paper will discuss the roles of the federal, state, and local court systems to public safety and civil rights. Before closing, we will discuss the objectives of juvenile justice, the role of private security organizations with respect to both corporate, and public protection, along with recommendations for solutions to the challenges faced by the criminal justice system, and private security organizations. The Bill of Rights The Bill of Rights are important to every member of society to ensure their rights are protected and justice is serve for all parties involved in civil and criminal cases heard within the courts system of the United States. Victims and offenders have certain rights during the course of a trial and all members of the court and law enforcement must follow special guidelines mandated by the Constitution when pursuing any case under the law. Each Amendment of the Constitution is equally important however, this paper will only explain the first...
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...differ in the structure, jurisdiction, and types of cases brought into the court. The basis of the Constitutional Law from an official document delineates powers for the federal law and state law that define the Federal Judicial System which derived from the U.S. Constitution, while the State Constitutional Law originated from the individual state Constitutions. The federal courts, the guardians of the Constitution, protect the rights and liberties of the Constitution. The federal courts interpret the law and apply the law to resolve disputes (U.S. Courts, 2002). Federal authority covers laws linked to patents, labor issues, pensions, and profit sharing. The state authority covers business association, contracts and trade secrets. Concurrent authority manages tax law, security law, and employment law (American Legal System, 2004). The Federal Judicial System consists of the United States Supreme Courts, Court of Appeals, District Courts, and Bankruptcy Courts. The federal judges once appointed remain there for life, except when congress observes treasons, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors and has the judge removed from office through impeachment. The Supreme Court comprised of the Chief Justice of the United States and eight Associate Justices listen to a limited amount of cases the court has been asked to decide. The Court of Appeals consists of ninety-four judicial districts structured into twelve regional districts and each regional district maintains a Court of...
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...The right to due process by law is afforded to every American as of the pivotal ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment on July 9, 1868. This amendment guaranteed every American equal and impartial treatment within the justice system. However, within the flawed institution that is the United States justice system, race is undeniably a pivotal factor in the outcome of the legal process. From the disproportionate rates of police stops to the severity of prosecutions and even the likelihood of facing the death penalty, race has evident and extensive influence. The deep-rooted prejudices held against minorities within the American justice system stand in direct opposition to the fundamental respect for human rights that is vital in the maintenance of democracy. Prejudice...
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...Civil Rights Project Final CTU CJUS 201-4 May 14, 2013 Abstract This paper discusses the scenario provided by CJUS 201-4 dealing with the discussion of civil rights and how this is reflected by a situation such as real life decisions and the consequences regarding the civil rights of the individuals involved in a possible crime of robbery. The paper will discuss the factors to consider when determining if civil rights have been violated, if there was sufficient cause for officers to stake out the store, reward of damages to victim, racial profiling, and citizen review boards. In addition, this paper will discuss the recommendation for types of oversight systems, when you would reach out to an oversight system, the pros and cons of these systems and legal issues that may arise for an oversight system. Phase 4: Civil Rights Project Part One In 1957 The Civil Rights Division in the Department of Justice was created after the enactment of the Civil Rights Act of 1957. This division works to uphold all the constitutional and civil rights of the citizens of the United States, especially those Americans, which are the most at risk members in society. This division enforces all federal statutes barring discrimination based on race, color, sex, religion, familial status and national origin (Civil Rights Division, 2013). According to US Legal (2013) civil rights are guaranteed by the Bill of Rights, which includes the 13th and 14th Amendments. These...
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...Notes For Criminal Justice (Unit 1) Muse: What lies ahead for the criminal justice system? We cannot say for sure. Some of the coming changes are now discernible. A few of the more obvious changes include: 1. a restructuring of the juvenile justice system due to increasing violent juvenile crime and youth gang warfare; 2. the increased bankruptcy of a “war against drugs” whose promises seem increasingly hollow; 3. a growing recognition of America’s international role as both victim and purveyor of worldwide criminal activity; and 4. The rapid emergence of cyber-crimes, which both employ high technology in the commission and target the fruits of such technology. Drugs and Crime The relationship between drugs and crime rests on the concept of drug abuse. Drug abuse is illicit drug use that results in physiological, social, psychological or legal problems for the user. A drug is any chemical substance defined by social convention as bioactive or psychoactive. A psychoactive substance is a chemical substance that affects cognition, feeling, or awareness. Most drug users are recreational drug users, using drugs relatively infrequently and primarily with friends and in social contexts that define drug use as pleasurable. Most addicts begin as recreational users. Drug crimes fall into two categories: 1. the use, possession, distribution and sale of illegal drugs and the offenses committed either under the influence of drugs or surrounding the growing, making...
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...Judicial Court system consists of two levels of courts. One level is the Trial –level courts, and the other is the two appellate-level courts. Within the operation of the trial-level courts there are over 350 municipal courts what are operating locally with in the state of Georgia. I learned that the purpose of the courts is to listen to criminal, and civil cases and as well as overseeing each case, and to make sure that it is within the conjunction with the Constitution of the State of Georgia. I also found through my research that State court laws are based on state penal codes, ordinances which are state local and laws enacted by state and local governments. Federal court laws are based off of the U.S. Constitution, and laws enacted by Congress or executive agencies Code of Federal Regulations. (Reference book Meyer and Grant, p 94, 2003) The trial-level courts in the Georgia Court Judicial System have limited Jurisdiction. Those courts are the Magistrate Court (159 courts, small claim cases and ordinance violations), Probate Court (159 courts, estate case and DUI cases), Juvenile Court (48 circuits, Juvenile offenses), State Court (71 courts, traffic violations, arrest warrants), and Municipal Court (361 courts, handle traffic offenses and other ordinance violations). Within the trial-level courts is another court that has General Jurisdiction and that is the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court (49 Circuits), this court hears both criminal and civil cases. This court...
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...Criminal Justice System Assessment Introduction The criminal justice system is a crucial feature of American culture and the foundation of the Bill of Rights within the United States Constitution. The sole intentions of the laws are to safeguard the people from harm, ensure the publics safety, and uniformly treated. The criminal justice system labors to safeguard the guiltless and discipline the responsible without infringing the right of the suspected offender, refraining from any corruption. As society progresses the criminal justice system must advance so it is vital to establish new laws remain current on the advancement and new trends. As contemporary issues and new trends evolve in society, they can endure a precise affect on the various roles of the criminal justice system, for example, sentencing policy, procedures, technologies, and capital punishment, which harbor immense impacts on the criminal justice system. Furthermore, corrections, courts, and the police additionally take part in establishing retribution. Contemporary and future trends are going to and have direct impacts on the duties of the criminal justice system. Recently technology has been influencing the criminal justice system and will remain. In the forever-changing world of technology, the criminal justice system must keep up with recently developed technologies. This essay will explain recent and future trends and contemporary issues affecting the criminal justice system and the value of the criminal...
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...TOPICS: ANALYZE AND EVALUATE THE CURRENT LEGAL SYSTEM IN THE US FROM A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE DESCRIVE THE 3 COMPONENTS OF THE CRIMINAL JUSTINCE SYSTEM: EXPLAIN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE POLICE, COUTS, AND CORRECTIONS CHARECTERIZE THE SOCIAL IMPACT OF CRIME AND ITS EFFECTS ON INDIVIDUALS IN SOCIETY * Crimes: * Conduct in violation of the criminal laws of a state, the federal government, or a local jurisdiction, for which there is no legally acceptable justification of exercise. Individual Rights: * The rights guaranteed to all members of American society by the US * Constitution * Especially those found in the first ten amendments US Patriot Act: * A federal law * Enacted in response to 9/11 * The law officially titled UNITING AND STRENGHTHENING AMERICA by providing appropriate tools required to intercept and obstruct terrorism act Individual Rights Advocate: One who seeks to protect personal freedom within the process of criminal justice Public Order Advocate * One who believes that under certain circumstances involving a criminal threat to public safety. The interests of society should take precedence over individual rights Civil Justice: * The civil law (penal codes) * The law of civil procedure * The array of procedures and activities having to do with private rights and remedies sought by civil action Administration of Justice * Detection * Apprehension * Detention ...
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...make recommendations for reducing juvenile crime. There are several differences between juvenile court and adult court. “According to the Department of Juvenile Services (2014) History of Juvenile Justice in the United States,” from a historical perspective the juvenile court systems is relatively new. It was stated that in the late 1960‘s that youth did not have constitutional rights. In 1967 the U. S. Supreme Courts ruled that even though juvenile courts were civil proceeding, individuals subjected to these proceedings still faced potential loss of liberty. The Supreme Court ruled that all youth offenders in juvenile court proceedings that faced possible confinement have the following constitutional rights: The right to receive notice of charges, The right to obtain legal counsel, The right to confrontation and cross – examination, The privileges against self – incrimination, The right to receive a transcript of the proceedings, and The right to have an appellate court review the lower court’s decision (The Department of Juvenile Services , 2014). However, many of these juvenile courts vary from state to state. One difference between juvenile court and adult court is one’s constitutional rights. In the adult court of law, the adults have the constitutional right to have their case heard, and tried by a judge, or a jury of their peers. Sometimes when an adult commits their first crime or a petty crime, they are let off the hook. Sometimes the adult is given probation...
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...December of 2007, A.S., a 17 year old female, was subpoenaed to testify as a state’s witness in a case against a man accused of assaulting another woman. When she failed to respond to the subpoena and did not appear at trial[1], St. Mary’s Circuit Court Judge C. Clarke Raley issued an order for her arrest. She was picked up by patrol officers on New Year’s Eve, and appeared before a different judge, who subsequently released her on her own recognizance. On January 9, 2008, Judge Raley issued another order, this time finding her in direct criminal contempt for her previous failure to appear as a witness, and summarily sentenced her to 30 days in the St. Mary’s County Detention Facility, the county’s general population prison for adult criminal offenders. A.S. was jailed in the detention center among the adult population; public defenders appealed to the judge on her behalf, claiming that her imprisonment was in violation of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act[2]. Judge Raley was not compelled by the argument, stating that she A.S. “was not best served by guidance, treatment or rehabilitation [in a juvenile facility], but by a brief exposure to the St. Mary’s County Detention Center, where she would have the opportunity [to] learn the consequences of disobeying a clear and direct order of this court.”[3] Ultimately, Judge Raley would relent., however, and ultimately ordered the girl moved to a juvenile facility for other reasons. Keith L. Mackall (a man in his...
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...shall only be applied to criminal matters and not civil matters. This case in the later stages stated that a law that reduces the severity in a criminal act was retrospective and not an ex post facto law. The case also sheds the light on presumption of prospectivity and on this notion that natural law had precluded retrospective legislation. After this case the U.S Supreme Court...
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...Ethical Scrapbook Part II Students Name CJA/324 Ethics in Criminal Justice Date Instructor Ethical Scrapbook Part II Ethics are a part of nearly everything that we as a society do. Whether we are late for work or even filing your federal taxes, an ethical decision is being made. Life is about choices, morals, and principles. In the field of criminal justice, ethics can be applied as well. Just as police are sworn to serve and protect by oath for the principles by which they are governed, so are most professions today. “Should All Jurisdictions Have a Good Samaritan Law Requiring an Individual to Help Another if They Are Able?” Requiring persons to help another when they are able without percussions of being sued against death or permanent damage to the victim has been helpful in certain situations where ambulatory assistance has not yet arrived. Often times a person can prevent death or stabilize a person until help arrives. If a person moves another person in need and actually causes permanent damage to them, they are not held accountable for that; in other words, they cannot be sued. I believe that there should be a law regarding Good Samaritans; however, I do not believe that it should be required. While the law is helpful, it can also be hurtful. For example, going back to my example above, should the person in need now be permanently immobilized, they cannot go after the person that helped for financial or medical money or charges incurred because...
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