...Civil War When comparing the American Civil War to many of the United States’ other wars, some key differences can be observed. One standout quality to the Civil War was the sluggish buildup towards war, which contrasts to the overnight decision that American officials made to join World War II after the Pearl Harbor attack. This brings up the question, “what caused the slow start to the Civil War and who is the most to blame?” The answer to the first question is easiest – slavery. There is no doubt that the differing opinions on slavery between the north and the south were the major sources of conflict. The latter question, however, is much more controversial and problematic to solve. For more than a century, historians have been bickering over who can be blamed most for the Civil War. Though many would say Abraham Lincoln is this person, his role in the start to the Civil War just appears to be the final straw in the buildup of tensions that happened over many years. The person who can be blamed most was reportedly referenced by Abraham Lincoln himself as, “the little woman who wrote the book that started this great war.” This woman is Harriet Beecher Stowe. Through the use of her powerful novel, Uncle Tom’s Cabin, Harriet Beecher Stowe became the greatest catalyst to the start of the American Civil War. One myth about the north that most people assume to be true is that the north was predominately against slavery. Even though the north was known for its industry in manufacturing...
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...Civil Wars in U.S. Labor Author: Steve Early Book Review Presented by: Daisy Shelton March 5, 2012 Civil Wars in U.S. Labor “This book reports on recent conflicts within the progressive wing of U.S. labor that negatively affected far more workers that the union dues payers directly involved.”(Early) This book revolves around the inner workings of the Service Employees International Union, (SEIU) considered to be the nation’s most politically influential labor organization. This union allegedly did the most to get Obama into the White House. While this book really delves into the years 2008-2010 it does also give some earlier history back stories. As a person that has never been in a union and really have never considered myself for or against a union, I found that this book offered an insight to some of the bureaucracy and politics involved in unionism. It at times seemed to me that the unions weren’t really there for the working class people, as I had always thought was their reason for being, but more for the power and money for the individuals at the top. Inside the pages of this book I read of many wars and struggles among different branches of sometimes the same union to gain the right to represent workers that were already represented. The one constant character in this book is Andy Stern. Andy Stern became president of the SEIU in 1996. As detailed throughout the book, during Stern’s reign in office...
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...Fall 2004 Carnegie Results Is A Quarterly Newsletter Published By Carnegie Corporation Of New York. It Highlights Corporation Supported Organizations And Projects That Have Produced Reports, Results Or Information Of Special Note. The Lasting Legacy of An American Dilemma The fiftieth anniversary of the landmark 1954 Supreme Court decision Brown v. Board of Education—which said that the segregated schools of the South were damaging to black children, and thus began to dismantle the system of legalized segregation—was an occasion for assessing the last half century’s progress in the lives of African Americans. While there remains deep disagreement about the current state of black America and the policies that ought to follow from that, most would agree that the status of African Americans has changed dramatically, if insufficiently, since Brown. Not only has the system of legal segregation been eliminated and widespread prejudice diminished, but the economic, political and educational status of many blacks has significantly improved. Gunnar Myrdal’s An American Dilemma: The Negro Problem and Modern Democracy, generally viewed as one of the most important results of grantmaking by Carnegie Corporation of New York, played a major role in the story that led from an America, which after World War II still had a legal Jim Crow system in the South—along with a segregated army—to the Voting Rights Act of 1965. It was cited as the social scientific evidence justifying the Supreme...
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...Borunda Mrs. Martinez World History November 20, 2014 The American Civil War Many people know about the Civil War, but not every one knows the details. The Civil War was a key point in U.S. History that brought all the states together and made them into one single indivisible country. Before the civil war started there was the election of 1860. Abraham Lincoln has just been elected into office and many political officials didn’t like that. The Battle Field Lincoln pledges to abolish slavery in all the states, his views were very different from those in congress, and Lincoln wanted a strong nation, one without slavery. This would be fine if slavery wasn’t popular in most states, but sadly it was. There was conflict and disagreement, but most of this conflict came from the south. In the south slavery was a very popular and common practice. Thirteen states from the south seceded from the United States. These states called themselves The Confederate States Of America. According to www.civilwar.org the first battle of the civil war took place at Fort Sumter. On April 12, 1861, Major Robert Anderson was under fire by General P.G.T Beauregard, who was in command of the Confederate forces around Charleston harbor. Major Robert Anderson surrendered on April 13 and evacuated the next day. This The battlefield is a very known subject in all wars but this was one of the harshest wars in American history. This war like any other was fought and won with armies of soldiers. Each side had...
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...Literature Project #2 BIBLIOGRAPHY: Shaara, Michael, The Killer Angels, The Random House Publishing Group, Brooklyn New York, 2003 SUMMARY: The book begins with a spy who had intel on the location of enemy troops. The spy explained how he easily slipped past the barrier General Lee had set up and that they will arrive in Gettysburg soon. General Lee did not have much time to fortify Gettysburg, so he ordered an entire battalion to come protect Gettysburg from the Union army. The Union army was getting closer everyday, so finally General Lee secured the town of Gettysburg. The soldiers said, “That the land seemed too neat to have a battle fought on.” When the Union army came they gave a tough fight, but General Lee already had forces stationed...
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...FYS: The 1960s-A Decade of Change and Conflict This course is an interdisciplinary examination of the tumultuous decade of the 1960s as reflected in the films, music, texts, politics, culture and social movements of the era. The Civil Rights and Women’s movements, the Vietnam War, the anti-war movement, youth counter-culture, the Environmental movement, and increasing violence and polarization among various groups, are among the major topics we will examine over the course of the entire year. The 1960s witnessed a clash over fundamental American values and ideas about human rights, freedom, community, the pursuit of happiness and the good life, the limits of authority and the moral legitimacy of war, civil disobedience and protest. The first semester will focus on the Civil Rights movement, the Vietnam War and the Anti-War, Peace Movement. The second semester will deal with the youth and racial countercultures and music, the women’s and the environmental movements. Various forms of media (films, documentaries, and music) will serve as a key resource as well as topic throughout this course. Viewing documentary films will be a regular activity in this class, along with reading texts, class discussion, and developing our writing skills. Learning Objectives 1. Listen and read critically - texts, speech, media and other cultural productions - in order to examine, challenge and reshape themselves and the world in which we live. 2. Express oneself clearly and persuasively in...
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...central issue fueling the conflict between state and federal rights, which caused the Civil War. The institution of slavery in the United States resulted in profound effects upon our nation socially, economically, and politically. These changes have had a lasting impact that can still be seen in American society today. The article Origins of the Southern Labor System describes that the American form of slavery was not molded after European concepts of servitude. The article even points out that the word “slave” had no meaning in English law. However, as farmers found large-scale cultivation more profitable, there was a need for the cheapest and most exploitable labor supply. As this system developed, slaveholders out of fear of revolt “were forced to conclude that the slave was wholly unfree, wholly lacking in personality, and wholly a chattel,” (Handlin p.99). At this point black slaves were dehumanized and degraded through the use of masks, whips, separation, and fear. Powerful white plantation owners dominated the south politically and justified their actions through state law. As this continued, the low skilled majority of white southerners could not compete with the free labor system. This labor system led to the fight over westward expansion, southern dependence on northern goods, and the social rift of the north and south. Consequently, our nation was faced with the tragedy of the Civil War, in which Dubois states “poor white farmers and laborers sent their manhood by the...
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...of African-Americans in the years 1945-55, the first being World War II, the second is Presidents and the third is Civil Rights Organisations. There are a few significant factors that occurred as a result of the Second World War. For example, the 'Double V Campaign' of 1942. Two months after the Bombing of Pearl Harbour by the Japanese, the Pittsburgh Courier (the most popular black newspaper in America) published the campaign to everyone. It called for a victory on two fronts, it was a campaign for African-Americans to give their all in the war effort and for black people to fight racial discrimination back home in America. The editor of the newspaper wrote "We call upon the President and Congress to declare war on Japan and against racial prejudice in our country." This was significant because it gave African-Americans a chance to prove how much of a positive impact they could have on the war and this in turn could show current white racists a different view on them. Additionally, it could be argued that because it was quite a big newspaper, more people across America would see it, and therefore it could potentially have more of an effect on the general opinion. Another factor was the black soldiers who returned home as heroes after the Second World War. It changed the attitudes of white people all across America but more specifically, white soldiers who had fought alongside them in the war. Before the war, white servicemen were disgruntled by the fact that black people...
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...Following is a annotated bibliography of the secondary sources I have already read on the subject: Catholic Institute for International Relations and Latin America Bureau. Guatemala, Never Again! (London: Orbis Books, 1999). This book is a compilation of eye-witness testimonies from the Guatemalan Civil War. Written by archbishop Juan Gerardi, who was assassinated after the publication, the extensive book outlines the war crimes committed by the military throughout the war and the effect the conflict has had on the indigenous population. Containing several testimonies from victims in the Huehuetenango district, the book will serve as the foundational historical text for my oral history of the same region. Harms, Patricia. “Stumbling Our Way to the Mark: Guatemalan Mennonites in the Era of Ríos Montt, 1980-1984.” Journal of Mennonite Studies 32 (2014): 115-138....
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...The Killer Angels is a Civil War novel specifically centered on the Battle of Gettysburg. The novel is written as a human drama of some well known Confederate army officers and their Union army counterparts in the Civil War, notably from the Battle of Gettysburg. Thus, the novel is classified as historical fiction. While people who like history would be interested in this book, it is also enjoyable for people who are not drawn to the factual accounts of war, but prefer the presentation of the human emotions, struggles, decisions which are presented in this work of historical fiction. This book was a trendsetter. Books about the Civil War and the Battle of Gettysburg usually contained the strategies and outcomes as facts. This novel includes...
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...This report will analyze the novel, Port Chicago 50, by Steve Sheinkin, and determine the strengths of the book and also how it can be improved. Port Chicago 50, by Steve Sheinkin, is about the fight for equal rights after the WWII explosion at Port Chicago, CA. This book is a well written account of a historic event that will captivate and inspire anyone who reads it. The setting of this book is during and after World War II, in and around naval docks and courts in the Bay Area. This was a time when racism and segregation ran rampant throughout the United States. Port Chicago 50 is about the alleged mutiny of black sailors in World War II. When fifty black sailors refused to load a ammunitions boat due to unsafe working conditions, the navy charged them with mutiny. The men were given an obviously biased trial that convicted all fifty of them of mutiny in wartime. They soon returned to service, but only after a hard-fought battle that eventually resulted in the desegregation of the United States Navy. Port Chicago 50, by Steve...
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...decades, civil war has raged in Sudan. The government of Sudan which consists of a majority of Muslims has focused the war on the Africans of Darfur region of Sudan. These Africans have had the control of some of the most fertile grazing lands and oil reserves in all of Sudan. Unfortunately over the past two decades, persistent droughts have forced the Arabs to migrate to more arable land, though having strained their relations with the Africans[1]. When the Arabs and the Africans started coexisting, fights broke out between them over lands and the Arabs became violent. Massacres and rebellions were a commonplace scenario between both the sides. The situation worsened when Sudan government sided with the Arabs and the government and military groups of Janjaweed(“devils on horsebacks”) began fighting the insurgents and the citizens of Darfur. It dint take very long for this to turn into genocide, also known as ethnic cleansing. The cleansing stopped focusing just on citizens and insurgents and started targeting certain ethnicities such as the Africans and the Christians. INTRODUCTION On the 10th anniversary of the genocide in Rwanda, another human catastrophe is rapidly accelerating despite full knowledge of the United Nations and Western democracies. In April, a U.N. team investigating human rights abuses in the far western Darfur region of Sudan found “disturbing patterns of massive human rights violations in Darfur, many of which may constitute war crimes...
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...Lew, an aristocrat whose hatred of slavery drove her to be one of the most successful spies in the Civil War; the Choctaw code talkers, who are Native Americans. The Code Book describes some illustrative highlights in the history of cryptography, drawn from both of its principal branches, codes and ciphers. The both explore code breaking and use historical examples. The Code Book is more scientific than The Dark Game because it is written differently. The Code Book tells you more about why things go the way they do and how it is easier now a days to get hacked because of the internet. While with The Dark Game it is more about the events that took place and about the spying events. The Dark Game talk about more historical people that The Code Book....
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...of Thoreau’s Civil Disobedience Abstract: Civil disobedience is the valuable spiritual wealth of American spirits. From Henry David Thoreau to Martin Luther King, civil disobedience theory also had developed into a new stage. American people began to commonly accept and practice the civil disobedience theory, which pushed American Civil Rights Movement forward. This essay focuses on the origination of the civil disobedience and briefly introduces its development. Key Words: Civil disobedience Conscience Government 1、 Thoreau’s Imprisonment The Mexican-American war, which started from 1846, was an armed conflict between the United States and Mexico over the territorial dispute of Texas. Most abolitionists and transcendentalists were against this war, because they thought that this war was an act of a bullying government anxious to grab land from a weaker nation. Some even thought this war was a conspiracy of the southern slaveholders. Then Texas admitted slavery, while Mexico forbade slavery. They regarded this war as the expansion of slavery, which could strengthen the influence of the south in federation. Therefore the abolitionists and transcendentalists did their best to resist this war. Among them, Henry David Thoreau was a famous representative. Thoreau did not agree this aggressive war. To resist, he refused to pay the Massachusetts poll tax, which was a “per head” tax imposed on all citizens to help support the Mexican War. His refusal...
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...Revolution to Civil War By Maya Bhardwaj Abstract: social movements and regime change across the Middle East and North Africa. While interconnected, uprisings in each nation took different forms and reached out distinctions and interactions between uprisings, revolution, and civil war. standing scholarly debate. The presence or absence of civil war is examined in examinations of civil war: the nature of the governmental regime, territoriality complete understanding of what constitutes civil war and provides a framework 76 Introduction the Middle East, authoritarian regimes thought invulnerable to protest and impossible to oust began to cede to massive protest. Attacks on governmental institutions and elite leaders ensconced from public opinion developed divergently in each nation, employing tailored strategies to mobilize the public and reap key support. This paper focuses on the nature and development of these Arab Spring further use these distinctions to illuminate the conceptual, instrumental, and semantic nature of civil war in general. - exacerbated the grievances felt by rebel forces and smoothed over ethnic, religious, and tribal ten- trastingly, in Syria, instances of mild reform under Bashar al-Assad, popular concerns for security, kept civil war at bay. Conceptual Isolation of Civil War presence or absence of civil war. However, the scholarly distinction between civil war and other insurgency and counter-insurgency, uprisings, genocide or genocidal...
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