...Armed Forces of the Philippines (Sandatahang Lakas ng Pilipinas) Military branches: Army, Navy (including Marine Corps), Air Force, Paramilitary units (CAFGU) Military manpower, military age: 20 years of age (2003 est.) Military manpower, availability: males age 18-49: 20,131,179/ females age 18-49: 20,009,526 (2005 est.) Military manpower, fit for military service: males age 18-49: 15,170,096/ females age 18-49: 16,931,191 (2005 est.) Military manpower, reaching military age annually: males age 18-49: 907,542/ females age 18-49: 878,712 (2005 est.) Military expenditures, dollar figure: $49.66-M (FY '88); $995-M (FY '98); $836.9 million (2005 est.) Military expenditures, percent of GDP: 1.3% (FY '88); 1.5% (FY '98); 0.9% (FY 2005 est.) Military Headquarters: General HQ (GHQ), Camp General Emilio Aguinaldo, Quezon City Military Service: Voluntary Personnel Strength: 120,000 regular personnel (2006) Mission The AFP is responsible for upholding the sovereignty, supporting the Constitution, and defending the territory of the Republic of the Philippines against all enemies foreign and domestic; advancing the national aims, interest and policies; and planning the organization, maintenance, development, and deployment of its regular and citizen armed force for National Security. The Chief of Staff, AFP (CSAFP), under the authority and direction of the Secretary of National Defense (SND) and the President, is responsible for the execution of National Defense Programs...
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...CHAPTER 9 THE PHILIPPINE SOCIETY UNDER THE AMERICAN RULE Having proclaimed that the Philippines will be kept by the United States, President McKinley started the task of governing the colony. In his address before the 4th session of the 76th U.S. Congress, McKinley stated America’s aims concerning the Philippines. “The Philippines is ours not to exploit, but to develop, civilize, educate, and to train in the science of self-government.” In his instructions to the First and Second Philippine Commissions, McKinley explained in effect that the U.S. came to the Philippines not to conquer the Filipinos, but to work for their benefit and welfare. The Military Government Following the surrender of Manila in August, 1898, President McKinley ordered the establishment of a military government here. Major General Wesley Merritt, the commander of U.S. forces in Manila, served as its first military governor. When Merritt left for Paris, France to brief the U.S. and Spanish peace commissioners on the conditions in the Philippines, he was succeeded by Major General Elwell Otis who served until May, 1900. The last American military governor was Major General Arthur MacArthur. He served until 1901. During its brief existence from 1898 to 1901, the military government accomplished the following among other things: 1. It reorganized the courts in the country. It established a Supreme Court composed of six Filipinos and three Americans. A Filipino, Cayetano Arellano, was named...
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...Declaration of Independence to uphold morality. On top of the Declaration of Independence, other policies were created. One such type of policies were the military policies, which stated declarations of wars between foreign countries, protection of the nation, and the containment of communism. Another type of policy was civil rights where there were series of arguments about blacks’, women’s and immigrant’s rights. Crime was also another type of policy created that gave rights to citizens that were on trial and protected the nation from harm. Although the United States military, civil rights, and crime policies were created to uphold morality, they carried additional ulterior motives. The United States military...
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...Unit I Foreign Policy What is Foreign Policy? Foreign policy has many exegesis as there are internationalist who attempt to define this most intriguing subject of international relations. Initially, it has been define as a “ statement of national goals limited both absolutely and relatively by national power”. The Foreign Service Institute of the Philippines prefers to allude to it as “ set of guidelines articulated by the government to a country in order to promote its national interest through the conduct of its relations with other countries” The Foreign Service Institute of the Philippines has likewise quoted a dictum ascribed to President Ferdinand E. Marcos that: The foreign policy of a nation is the articulation of its fondest needs and aspiration, and in international affairs, it is its sole weapon for the promotion of national interest. Foreign Policy is a “part of the general program of government. It is furthermore an extension of its domestic policy”. The term “system” when used in the context of an organization, implies an entity composed of a set of parts and created to accomplish certain, objectives. The aim of the system is the coordination of human efforts and material resources to produce desired results in a dynamic organization. An organization, as social system, has certain inherent characteristics: 1) it has subsystem and, is part of a suprasystem in continual interaction with one another 2) It has define objectives...
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...Philippines – United States relations are bilateral relations between the Republic of the Philippines and the United States of America. As one of the oldest Asian partners and closest strategic major non-NATO allies of the United States, the Philippines has consistently been the most pro-American nation in the world, with 90% of Filipinos viewing the U.S. and 91% viewing Americans favorably in 2002, and 90% of Filipinos viewing U.S. influence positively in 2011. Pursuant to the 1947 Military Bases Agreement, the United States maintained and operated major facilities at Clark Air Base until November 1991, and at Subic Bay Naval Complex and several small subsidiary installations in the Philippines until November 1992. In July 1991, negotiators from the two countries reached agreement on a draft treaty providing for the clean-up and turnover of Clark to the Philippine government in 1992, and for the lease of Subic Bay Naval Base by the U.S. for 10 years. By 1991, operations at Clark had already been scaled back because of the end of the Cold War, with the last combat aircraft leaving in 1990, before the base was heavily damaged by the 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo. On September 16, 1991, the Philippine Senate rejected the bases treaty by a slim margin, and despite further efforts to salvage the situation, the two sides could not reach an agreement. As a result, the Philippine Government informed the U.S. on December 6, 1991, that it would have one year to complete withdrawal....
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...University of Phoenix Material American Imperialism- Learning Team “C” Part 1 Complete the chart by identifying the following: ➢ Identify the countries or areas where the United States engaged in imperialistic actions during the period from about 1870 to 1914. ➢ Discuss why each area was important to American empire building (political, economic, and social). ➢ Explain America’s expansionist ideals. What were some of the factors that justified American imperialist actions? ➢ Identify the current political status of these places in relation to the United States. Age of Imperialism: 1870 to 1914 |Place |Why was there interest? |U.S. actions |Status today | |Hawaii |Our interest was with the sugar plantations. |In 1893 some American rebels and troops seized |Hawaii is now a state within the United States. | | |There was also interest there since America |Queen Lili’uokalani and declared a provisional | | | |wanted Hawaii to become a part of the US due |government. | | | |to the tariff policy. Also...
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...1898 April 21–25 - The Spanish–American War begins. War is officially declared by the United States and by Spain. May 1 - Commodore George Dewey defeats decisively the Spanish fleet in the Battle of Manila Bay. May 19 - Emilio Aguinaldo returns to the Philippines from exile in Hong Kong aboard an American naval vessel[4] May 24 - Aguinaldo issues a proclamation in which he assumed command of all Philippine forces and established an insurgent dictatorial government with himself as dictator.[5] June 12 - The Philippine Declaration of Independence is proclaimed by Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista, its author, on behalf of the Dictatorial Government of the Philippines. June 18 - Aguinaldo, believing the Americans had no intent to occupy the Philippine Islands, issues a decree formally establishing the Dictatorial Government of the Philippines.[6] June 23 - Aguinaldo issues a decree replacing the Dictatorial Government with a Revolutionary Government, with himself as President.[7][8] June 25 - The third of three U.S. expeditions arrives in Manila, bringing land forces in the country to a total of 10,946 men.[9] August 8 - Eight American soldiers were killed or wounded by the Spanish fire. American officers suspected at the time that the insurgents were informing the Spaniards of the American movements. This was later confirmed by captured insurgent documents.[10] August 12 - A Protocol of Peace is signed...
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...Philippines Law Historical Overview Introduction The Philippines, an archipelago of 7,107 islands (about 2,000 of which are inhabited), with a land area of 115,600 sq m, has a population of 76.5 m. Some 87 major dialects are spoken all over the islands. English and Filipino are the official languages with English as the language of instruction in higher education. According to the 2000 census, the functional literacy rate is 83.8%. Agriculture constitutes the largest single sector of the economy. The country has a total labour force of 64.5%. The Philippine legal system is aptly described as a blend of customary usage, and Roman (civil law) and Anglo-American (common law) systems. The civil law operates in areas such as family relations, property, succession, contract and criminal law while statutes and principles of common law origin are evident in such areas as constitutional law, procedure, corporation law, negotiable instruments, taxation, insurance, labour relations, banking and currency. In some Southern parts of the islands, Islamic law is observed. This particular legal system is the result of the immigration of Muslim Malays in the fourteenth century and the subsequent colonization of the islands by Spain and the United States. Historical Background Philippine legal history may be categorized according to the various periods in the political history of the country: the pre-Spanish period (pre 1521); the Spanish regime (1521-1898); the Philippine...
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...Identify and explain how Chinese Merchants took part in international trade during this time period 1450-1750 (hint: not Zheng He) (1) pg 580 From 1450-1750, Chinese merchants took part in international trade under close watch and strict policies, specifically around the 1600’s. Although the Ming and Qing governments tried to end trading with foreign people, smaller Chinese vessels continued to trade with Japan and southeast Asia in spite of the trade restrictions. Following pacification with southern China, the Qing authorities rescinded the strictest measures and allowed controlled trading by closely supervising the activities of foreign merchants and permitting Portuguese to trade in Macau and the British to trade in Guangzhou. Chinese merchants...
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...EFFECT AND APPLICATION OF LAWS Article 1. This Act shall be known as the "Civil Code of the Philippines." (n) Art. 2. Laws shall take effect after fifteen days following the completion of their publication in the Official Gazette, unless it is otherwise provided. This Code shall take effect one year after such publication. (1a) Art. 3. Ignorance of the law excuses no one from compliance therewith. (2) Art. 4. Laws shall have no retroactive effect, unless the contrary is provided. (3) Art. 5. Acts executed against the provisions of mandatory or prohibitory laws shall be void, except when the law itself authorizes their validity. (4a) Art. 6. Rights may be waived, unless the waiver is contrary to law, public order, public policy, morals, or good customs, or prejudicial to a third person with a right recognized by law. (4a) Art. 7. Laws are repealed only by subsequent ones, and their violation or non-observance shall not be excused by disuse, or custom or practice to the contrary. When the courts declared a law to be inconsistent with the Constitution, the former shall be void and the latter shall govern. Administrative or executive acts, orders and regulations shall be valid only when they are not contrary to the laws or the Constitution. (5a) Art. 8. Judicial decisions applying or interpreting the laws or the Constitution shall form a part of the legal system of the Philippines. (n) Art. 9. No judge or court shall decline to render judgment by reason...
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...was talented and candid; besides is best known for his crucial parts in World War II and following reconstruction of Japan. In this paper, his educational and political background, political challenges and accomplishments, and also relationship with particularly the United States and Japan are going to be explicated. EDUCATIONAL AND POLITICAL BACKGROUND Douglas MacArthur spent his entire life in the military of the United States. He lived in a far-off region of New Mexico in his early childhood in which his father, Arthur MacArthur Jr., instructed an infantry company charged with guarding settlers and railroad employees from the Indian "menace." When he was a teenager, Arthur served with division in the Union Army, and he was awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor after all for showing a courageous assault up Missionary Ridge in Tennessee (AMERICAN EXPERIENCE). The little MacArthur had always been a typical student, but started to expose such a marvelous ability from the time his father was sent to San Antonio, Texas, in 1893. Then he decided to enter the West Texas Military Academy where basically taught students an ambiance which combined academics, religion, armed discipline and Victorian social graces. As a...
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...PHILIPPINE LAW JOURNAC FILE COPY VOLUME 55 MARCH, 1980 FIRST QUARTER PHILIPPINE LAW JOURNAL , EXECUTIVE LEGISLATION: THE PIDLIPPINE EXPERIENCE Irene R. Cortes SOME ROLE/FUNCTIONS IN THE ADMINISTRATION OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE Alfredo F. Tadiar THE PATRIARCHAL TREATMENT OF RAPE ACROSS CULTURES Laurie A. Ajdukovich PROVISIONAL PERMITS: A CRITICAL REVIEW Rogelio E. Subong COMMENT BOOK REVIEW COLLEGE OF LAW UNIVERSITY OF THE PHIUPPINES ADMINISTRATION VISITORS PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES BOARD OF REGENTS MINISTER OF EDUCATION AND CULTURE, Chairman PRESIDENT OF THE UNIVERSITY, Vice-Chairman REGENT EMIL Q. JAVIER REGENT FLORENTINO B. HERRERA, JR. REGENT ESTELITO P. MENDOZA REGENT TOMAS S. FONACIER REGENT ORLANDO J. SACAY REGENT GERARDO P. SICAT REGENT AMB~OSIO F. TANGCO REGENT RONALDO B. ZAMORA THE UNIVERSITY EMANUEL V. SORIANO, B.S.M.E., M.I.Mgt., D .B.A, President OSCAR ' M. ALFONSO, B.S.F.S., M.A, Ph.D., Vice-President for Academic Affairs RAMON C. PORTUGAL, AB., LL.B., M.P.A Ph .D., Vice-President for Administration GEMINO H. ABAD, A.B., M.A, Ph.D., Secretary of the University MANUEL P. BENDANA, B.S., University Registrar THE COLLEGE FROILAN M . BACUNGAN, AB., LL.B., LL.M., Dean ' FLERIDA RUTH P. ROMERO, AB., LL.B., LL.M., Director, D.P. Law Center ALFREDO F. T~IAR, A .B., LL.B., LL.M., Associate Dean and Director, Office of Legal Aid ANGEL G. MAPA, LL.B., Secretary EDUARDO A. LABITAG, AB., LL.B., Director, Law Evening...
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...NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM What is the National Service Training Program (NSTP) law? NSTP law or otherwise known as Republic Act 9163, is a program aimed at: Enhancing civic consciousness and defense preparedness in the youth Developing the ethics of service and patriotism while undergoing training in any of its three (3) program components Enhancing the youth’s active contribution to the general welfare. What are the program components of NSTP? Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC) Literacy Training Service (LTS) Civic Welfare Training Service (CWTS) Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC) Designed to provide military training to tertiary level students in order to motivate, train, organize and mobilize them for national defense preparedness. Literacy Training Service (LTS) Designed to train the students to teach literacy and numeracy skills to children, out-of-school youth and other segments of society in need of their services. Civic Welfare Training Service (CWTS) Refers to activities contributory to the general welfare and the betterment of life for the members of the community, or the enhancement of its facilities specially those devoted to improving health, education, environment, entrepreneurship, safety, recreation and moral of the citizenry and other social welfare services. Who shall take the NSTP? All incoming freshmen students, male and female, enrolled in any baccalaureate courses (and in at least two (2)-year technical-vocational or associate...
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...Philippine History Early History -The Negritos are believed to have migrated to the Philippines some 30,000 years ago from Borneo, Sumatra, and Malaya. The Malayans followed in successive waves. These people belonged to a primitive epoch of Malayan culture, which has apparently survived to this day among certain groups such as the Igorots. The Malayan tribes that came later had more highly developed material cultures. In the 14th cent. Arab traders from Malay and Borneo introduced Islam into the southern islands and extended their influence as far north as Luzon. The first Europeans to visit (1521) the Philippines were those in the Spanish expedition around the world led by the Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan. Other Spanish expeditions followed, including one from New Spain (Mexico) under López de Villalobos, who in 1542 named the islands for the infante Philip, later Philip II. Spanish Control - The conquest of the Filipinos by Spain did not begin in earnest until 1564, when another expedition from New Spain, commanded by Miguel López de Legaspi, arrived. Spanish leadership was soon established over many small independent communities that previously had known no central rule. By 1571, when López de Legaspi established the Spanish city of Manila on the site of a Moro town he had conquered the year before, the Spanish foothold in the Philippines was secure, despite the opposition of the Portuguese, who were eager to maintain their monopoly on the trade of East Asia. ...
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...faith * Law of Burgos * Tribute * They believe that they could bring civilization to the New World * Rampant exploitation and abuse * The estates were still in the possession of inhabitants: an encomendero had no political authority * The Crown reluctant expressed his desire to abolish the encomienda system * It was overruled because the Royal Crown of Spain was threatened of rebellion and anguish cries of the Spaniards in America (New World) * Causes of the degeneration of the encomienda system in America: * Drastic decline of indigenous population * Transition from mercantile economy to industrial economy * The Encomienda System (Philippines) * It was introduced by Miguel Lopez de Legazpi * Legazpi implemented the encomienda system as an initial step to conquer the Philippines * His first distribution of encomiendas (land trusts) reached up to 98 estates * The encomiendas (with its inhabitants) were divided into varying sizes * Entrustment of land trusts was according to the services and loyalty...
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