...Controlling Organized Crime CJA 384 July 1, 2013 Controlling Organized Crime Throughout this paper the many factors of criminal organizations will be covered. Some of the theories will be discussed to give one a better understanding of how organized crime comes to be. Also, some of the issues that occur as a result of organized crime, the legal limitations associated with combating organized crime, a federal law that supports anti-crime efforts, and a realistic solution for controlling organized crime will further be presented (University of Phoenix, 2010). Problems of Organized Crime In recent years, international organized crime has expanded considerably in presence, sophistication, and significance, and it currently threatens many aspects of how Americans live, work, and does business. International organized crime promotes corruption, violence, and other illegal activities, jeopardizes the border security, and causes human misery. It undermines the integrity of the banking and financial systems, commodities, securities markets, and cyberspace. In short, international organized crime is a national security problem that demands a strategic, targeted, and concerted United States Government response (International Organized Crime, 2008). Organized crime members are calculating and sophisticated and realize that their actions not only have criminal consequences but also are constantly under the scrutiny of law enforcement agencies. This scrutiny causes the criminals...
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...Controlling Organized Crime Paper CJA/384 May 3, 2015 Controlling Organized Crime Organized crime occurs in the United States of America and abroad. “It is hard to think that our country, which is so full of opportunities, has people that would seek to use those opportunities improperly to create illegal ends” (Williams, 2014). Crime is part of our social order. It would be naïve to think that citizens could be completely free of wrongdoing. “The consequences of these criminals and their actions can be detrimental to the overall well being of the general populace by introducing negative elements into the greater whole of society” (Williams, 2014). Crime is based on the opinion and the actions of individuals. Some see their actions as good and some as bad. When an individual commits negative acts that are crimes but doesn’t see their acts as criminal we have a problem. Crime is based on the actions of the individuals. While the mafia is the most known organized crime group there are also urban street gangs, Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs, the Russian Mafia, the Japanese Yakuza, the Chinese Mafia, the Columbian cartels and many others (Williams, 2014). Organized crime group’s objective is to fill a demand for an item or service that cannot be done legally. Some of these objectives are the sale of drugs or alcohol, sexual exploitation, insider trading, racketeering, credit card fraud, etc (Williams, 2014). Problems “Although most issues related to social control or moral regulation...
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...| CJA 384 Course Syllabus College of Criminal Justice and Security CJA/384 Version 2 Criminal Organizations | Copyright © 2010 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course is a survey of the origins and development of organized crime in the United States. It examines the structure and activities of organized criminal enterprises, considers different models that have been employed to describe organized crime groups, and explores theories that have been advanced to explain the phenomenon. Major investigations of organized crime and legal strategies that have been developed to combat it are also considered. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Lyman, M. D., & Potter, G. W. (2007). Organized crime (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall. Mallory, S. L. (2007). Understanding organized crime. Sudbury, MA: Jones and...
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...Controlling Organized Crime Paper LaShanda McMahon 1/26/15 CJA/384 Professor Faggione Controlling Organized Crime Paper Crime is a part of every type of society. It would be naïve to believe that a society could completely rid itself of crime, as long as there are people in the world crimes will be commited. Crime is based on the perception and the actions of individuals. Some see their actions as good and some see them as bad. The problem with this is that sometimes the perception of those committing negative acts that society views as crimes do not see their actions as criminal. Crime is based on the actions of the individuals and depending upon the moral statutes that the society has brought upon them the society deems what is criminal by what they perceive and have implemented as illegal. In this paper an attempt to identify the problems, which are obtainable, and the innumerable associations recognized through organized crime will be established. We will attempt to designate the legitimate boundaries correlated with contesting organized crime, involving an analysis of the general national laws and stratagems that sustenance this exertion. We will also attempt to propose a convincing clarification regarding controlled organized crime by examining and assessing the efficiency of organized crime examinations. Although most issues related to social control or moral regulation have a political aspect to them, discussions related to ‘organized crime’ are steeped...
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...Controlling Organized Crime CJA/384 April 16, 2012 Controlling Organized Crime When many people think of the problems related to organized crime, the stories shown on television or in movies about Sicilian or Italian mafia comes to mind. In reality, the threat of this type of crime is much more widespread. The following explores the problems presented by organized crime, the legal limitations associated with combating organized crime, and suggestions to control organized crime by discussing and evaluating the effectiveness of organized crime prosecutions. Organized Crime Organized crime is nothing new; these groups have been around since the 1900s when Italian immigrants organized into what they called families. These groups maintained strict loyalty and tight lips, discussing their business with no one outside the family. Soon they were involved in the labor unions and bootlegging at the inception of the Prohibition (Repetto, 2007). Some consider these families traditional organized crime groups. New versions are considered nontraditional organized crime groups. Since the rise of the Mafia, other criminal organizations have surfaced using their power to corrupt businesses for personal gain and political strength. Everyday society is under attack by smaller criminal organizations working pipelines for drugs and weapons. These nontraditional groups are outlaw motorcycle gangs, Chinese triads, Columbian cartels, and urban street gangs (Lyman & Potter, 2007)...
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...Controlling Organized Crime James R. Wells 6/30/2013 CJA/384 Mr. Borton Organized crime has been around for a long time and has always been a huge problem. The Prohibition is what got organized crime started with everyone wanting to bootleg. It is a growing trend in today’s society. The Mafia was one of the first well known crime groups in the 1970’s and was one of the most powerful one at that. Gangs are getting smarter at keeping their criminal activities under the radar to law enforcement and to ordinary citizens. Business owners are starting to get involved in illegal activity over greed. Organized crime is taking over all over the world and drugs are a big factor. Identify the problems presented and the various relationships established by organized crime. The FBI defines organized crime “as any group having some manner of a formalized structure and whose primary objective is to obtain money through illegal activities” (Organized Crime). Organized crime just does not affect those in a gang or those doing illegal activities. IT affects everyone as a whole, locales, region, or the entire country. The Tsarnaev brothers were part of the Al Qaeda group, they killed four people at one of the biggest marathon in the United States and it affected the nation. The various relationships established by organized crime are cargo theft, fraud, robbery, kidnapping for ransom, and the demanding of protection payments. Describe the legal limitations associated with combating organized...
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...Controlling Organized Crime Chris Abney CJA/384 Nov 8, 2014 Professor Gregory Reynolds Controlling Organized Crime Organized crime generated an estimated $870 billion dollars of the global economy and this is equivalent to approximately 7% of the world’s exports in merchandise according to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. This is quite a substantial amount of money that has been drained form our economy that’s already suffering from the recent recession. The problems caused by organized crime and the relationships established will be covered along with the legal limitations associated with combating these efforts. Major federal laws such as the RICO Act will be addressed along with the strategies that support those efforts will be explained along with a solution to controlling organized crime by addressing many key factors. Organized crime is a nuisance to society and efforts to reduce this type of crime must not be taken lightly in order to maintain control here in the United States of America. Many issues are caused by organized crime such as higher crime rate, danger within the community, corruption of political officials, and can weaken the economy. These issues caused by organized crime and the association between organized crime and terrorism is becoming quite similar. After the attack on September 11th the efforts of cutting funds to the terrorist groups increased and many country’s that were financing these groups quit due to the destruction...
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...Personal Perception of Organized Crime Shawn Ramsey CJA/384 Criminal Organizations Damian Torres April 14, 2014 Criminal Organizations Organized crime is often described similarity by groups like government, the press and popular opinion. This similar definition is described through the knowledge people have gained from pop-culture movies, television shows, magazines, novels and stories from newspaper articles. “It is extremely rare in today's society that someone who has an opinion on organized crime, which is almost everyone, has gained this opinion through first-hand experience” (Lyman, M. D., & Potter, G. W. 2007). The problem with this narrow view of organized crime is that it fails to encompass the real issues/problems that truly define organized crime, therefore not allowing us as a society to fix the problems of and associated with organized crime. Stereotypes that have been made about organized crime through these pop-culture icons must be addressed and challenged by researchers as they aim to fix the definition of organized crime in the minds of the public, press, and government. Fixing society's understanding of organized crime is, as we have learned, the first and possibly most important step in controlling organized crime in our society. “The view of organized crime including acts such as, international drug smuggling, for example, is organized crime often being described as a; highly structured and organized operation with vertical lines of responsibility...
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...Controlling Organized Crime Paper Tracy L. Chambers CJA/384 February 05, 2012 Instructor Leroy Hendrix, MS Abstract Many concerns encircle organized crime. The concern of differing viewpoints on defining organized crime; the concerns with the ‘who’ and ‘why’ involved in organized crime; the criminal activity performed by such enterprises and how the phenomenon of organized crime can be controlled. Despite the fact there is much collusion from society in the support of the illicit goods and services provided by organized crime, society still looks upon law enforcement to control these enterprises. Organized crime may never be stopped in its entirety, but it must be controlled because of the lasting effect it has on American society. Controlling Organized Crime Paper Problems Presented and Relationships Established One problem presented is the absence of agreement on the term ‘organized crime’, which contributes much confusion and difficulty in identifying such crime groups. Some law enforcement agencies have defined organized crime as possessing four major components, which include a group of more than three individuals; the criminal activity is continual and indefinite; a desire for profit and power is the motivator, and the group commits serious criminal offenses (Lyman & Potter, 2007). However, the Federal Bureau of Investigation has defined organized crime “as a continuing criminal conspiracy with an organized structure that is successful because of its use...
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...Controlling Organized Crime University of Phoenix CJA/384 March 20, 2012 Jessica Vesey Controlling Organized Crime Law enforcement agencies have always tried to control criminal organizations because when these organizations have strength in numbers it is difficult for agencies to get a handle on their activities and keep them from expanding further. The larger the organization the harder it is to monitor and control their behavior. Criminal organizations gain strength during times of economic hardship; one major example of this would be during the time of Prohibition. During that time whomever had the alcohol had the power and this was a time that organized crime flourished because they offered people that cooperated with them a part of the profits from this lucrative partnership. As long as there are situations in which a person or group can make more money doing something illegal, no matter what the risk, those people will take advantage of the situation to gain as money and power as possible. Especially since many of these organizations know that law enforcement agencies are limited on what they can and cannot do when it comes to breaking down the structure of the criminal organization. The best ways to try and control these organizations and stop them from continuing such illegal activities would be to establish harsher punishments and create a no tolerance policy for such organizations; while allowing agencies the ability to infiltrate the suspected organization...
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...Controlling Organized Crime Justine M. Washington CJA 384-Criminal Organizations May 7, 2012 William Barnes Controlling Organized Crime Organized crime continues to plague many countries throughout the world. Organized crime groups thrive on money, power, and respect. The media has perpetuated a stereotypical view of organized crime in the form of made-for-television movies, theatrical releases, and weekly series. Organized crime syndicates are not all Italians who animatedly speak with their hands. Organized crime groups hide behind the façade of legitimate businesses to launder money, engage in racketeering, extortion, and other criminal acts. Organized crime is prevalent on a local, state, and federal level. Law enforcement agencies continue to seek solutions to combat organized crime by employing different methods and approaches to deter and punish those who profit from their criminal exploits. Theories of Organized Crime Several theories provide insight into organized crime. According to Lyman and Potter (2007), “Cressey describes organized crime as a bureaucratic structure not unlike that adopted by governmental bureaucracies, such as police departments and federal law enforcement agencies. The primary unit of La Cosa Nostra is the family, which embodies male members of Italian ancestry. The family must abide by a code of conduct that prohibits members from revealing organization organizational secrets and that authorizes...
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...Controlling Organized Crime Lanika Alexander CJA/384 January 20, 2013 David Thomas Controlling Organized Crime The control of organized crime is an ongoing problem for law enforcement officials. Members in organized crime groups are becoming more sophisticated in the manner in which they commit crimes. Even though law enforcement officials have accumulated significant amounts of information in regards to the way in which organized crime groups are structured, the methods of operation, the history and activities of the groups there is still gaps in the information needed to combat these groups sufficiently. Laws and different legal limitations stand in the way of law enforcement officials as well in the fight against organized crime groups. The prosecution of organized crime groups will have to be evaluated to determine a more efficient route in removing these criminals from the community. To combat organized crime group’s law enforcement needs to better understand why these groups exist. Two theories are relevant to understanding the behaviors of those associated with these groups. The rational choice theory is the theory that suggests that people are free agents which possess the ability to make rational choices in almost all aspects of his or her life. Organized crime members are viewed as people who have free will and the capability to make rational choices in regard to his or her involvement in crime and wrongdoings. With this theory in mind people who...
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...Controlling Organized Crime Rob Papagno CJA/384 03 September 2013 Daniel Barry Controlling Organized Crime Some people would say that organized crime has ruined the United States and allowed petty hoods to gain worldwide recognition. Others would disagree and say organized crime is no different than any major corporation in today’s global economy. Some people would say organized crime is the best thing to happen to neighborhoods which law enforcement will not come into. No matter what side of the fence a person falls on, some part of what they believe will be correct, and part will not. During the course of this paper, the author will look at organized crime, identify the problems presented and the various relationships established by organized crime, and describe the legal limitations associated with combating organized crime, including a critique of major federal laws and strategies that support this effort. Finally, the author will suggest a realistic solution to control organized crime by discussing and evaluating the effectiveness of organized crime prosecutions. Problems with Organized Crime The problem with organized crime is that it often infringes on people’s basic rights and destroys economic structure, and political and civil development, on a global scale. Transnational organized crime rears its ugly head in many different forms, ranging from the trafficking of drugs and people to illegal arms. This is often accomplished by using unsuspecting individuals...
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...RESEARCH ON THE TRENDS IN DRUG ABUSE AND EFFECTIVE MEASURES FOR THE TREATMENT OF THE DRUG ABUSERS IN ASIAN COUNTRIES AN ANALYSIS OF INNOVATIVE MEASURES FOR THE TREATMENT OF DRUG ABUSERS PREFACE Crimes related to drug abuse and the illegal manufacturing and trafficking of drugs are serious problems for virtually every country. The abuse of drugs has an adverse impact, not only on the individual abuser, but also on the economy and society of a country as a whole. Drug use and the problems that accompany it have an extremely deleterious effect on the healthy development of young people, especially. Due to the rapid increase in drug related crime and drug abusers in Asian countries, the establishment of effective countermeasures for demand and supply reduction are a pressing issue. In light of the above-mentioned situation, the United Nations Asia and Far East Institute for the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders (UNAFEI); and the Research Division of the Research and Training Institute, Ministry of Justice jointly conducted a comprehensive study on drug abuser treatment, from 2002 to 2004, entitled “Research on the Trends in Drug Abuse and Effective Measures for the Treatment of the Drug Abusers in Asian Countries - An Analysis of Innovative Measures for the Treatment of Drug Abusers”. The Asian countries included in the study are: China (Hong Kong), Korea, Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. This is the first phase of the study on drug abuser treatment; the second...
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...CRIME, PROCEDURE AND EVIDENCE IN A COMPARATIVE AND INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT This book aims to honour the work of Professor Mirjan Damaška, Sterling Professor of Law at Yale Law School and a prominent authority for many years in the fields of comparative law, procedural law, evidence, international criminal law and Continental legal history. Professor Damaška’s work is renowned for providing new frameworks for understanding different legal traditions. To celebrate the depth and richness of his work and discuss its implications for the future, the editors have brought together an impressive range of leading scholars from different jurisdictions in the fields of comparative and international law, evidence and criminal law and procedure. Using Professor Damaška’s work as a backdrop, the essays make a substantial contribution to the development of comparative law, procedure and evidence. After an introduction by the editors and a tribute by Harold Koh, Dean of Yale Law School, the book is divided into four parts. The first part considers contemporary trends in national criminal procedure, examining cross-fertilisation and the extent to which these trends are resulting in converging practices across national jurisdictions. The second part explores the epistemological environment of rules of evidence and procedure. The third part analyses human rights standards and the phenomenon of hybridisation in transnational and international criminal law. The final part of the book assesses Professor...
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