...of factors cited above. But what has been the reason for the persistently high inflation? Firm food prices have certainly been one of the culprits. But that is not all. As per a report by Morgan Stanley and published on Firstbiz, rise in rural wages has also been a reason why overall prices are higher. And the government's populist National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) has been blamed for this. The current UPA government has always been a staunch backer of the poor and rural sections of the society. That is why it introduced the NREGA scheme in 2005, which guarantees 100 days of employment to poor households in the rural areas. But this has led to a distortion in the labour market. This is largely because, while wages have risen, there has not really been much of a rise in productive assets. The NREGA in some sense has also created a shortage of labour in the rural market. Overall, the NREGA has led to a structural shift in the income consumption pattern and has artificially increased inflation labour and input costs. Without raising either productivity or focusing on asset creation, the NREGA has only managed to redistribute wealth rather than increase it. Meanwhile, the purchasing power of households has instead deteriorated an account of high inflation. This has then impacted...
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...Q: “What is human development? Critically summarize the views of Mahbub ul Haq on how human development can be realistically attained within prevailing socio- economic conditions. What in your view is the significance of human development as a contemporary vision for social reorganization?” Discuss the nature of this significance with the help of one or two examples that illustrate your points. A: Human development is well-being concept and wider range of the human context. It is included the studies of human conditions. Human development meaning comes at last twenty-five years. Human development is like approach, which is define conditions of human life. Human development means not like that only growth of economic expansion, its growth in opportunities in every field. Development of kind which allows people their respective choices. There are two dimensions of sketch of human development. First dimension is directly enhancing of human abilities, and other is creating conditions for human development. Directly enhancing of human abilities included long and healthy life, knowledge, and decent standard of living. Creating conditions for human development included like participation in political and community life, environment sustainability, human security and rights, gender equality. Human development is concept of totally development of the people. Human life should be based upon their choices, not insisting that they make use of them. It is true that no one can guarantees...
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...right to life, right to education, right to food in a country where approximately thirty percent of the population is below the poverty line and the only economic assets it owns is labor power, value-adding profitable employment is very important. NREGA The National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (5th September 2005), according to the Legislative Department of the Ministry of Law and Justice – ‘An Act to provide for the enhancement of livelihood security of the households in rural areas of the country by providing at least one hundred days of guaranteed wage employment in every financial year to every household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto’. The Panchayat or program officer validates applications at the village level, and the government provides a valid applicant with an employment within five kilometers and fifteen days. NREGA, UPA’s brainchild, started in two hundred districts in February 2006, spread across the country in two and a half years and now to over six hundred and twenty six districts. This was aimed towards benefitting the Indian economy and society where more than nine percent of the total labor force was unemployed. NREGA was brought into existence with an aim of - * Reducing unemployment in India by augmenting wage employment * Equally improving the purchasing power...
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...CDE January 2011 UNDERSTANDING NREGA: A SIMPLE THEORY AND SOME FACTS Diganta Mukherjee Email: digantam@hotmail.com Unitedworld School of Business Kolkata Uday Bhanu Sinha Email: uday@econdse.org Delhi School of Economics University of Delhi Working Paper No. 196 Centre for Development Economics Department of Economics, Delhi School of Economics Understanding NREGA: A Simple Theory and Some Facts * Diganta Mukherjee # and Uday Bhanu Sinha Abstract A developing economy like India is often characterised by a labour market with demand and supply of labour and a wage that even if competitively determined may not be adequate for the poor household to reach their target income; what they consider as means of a decent living. Envisaging situations like these, the Indian government has implemented the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) in recent past, to complement the income of the poor by providing them employment for certain number of labour days in a year. In this paper, using a simple theoretical model, we have analysed the impact of NREGA scheme on (i) rural labour market, (ii) income of the poor households and (iii) overall agricultural production. It is seen that the income from NREGA alone can be a substantial part of the target income of the poor. We show that in such a situation, the poor may exhibit a backward bending supply curve of labour which may lead to an aggregate reduction in agricultural output. This adverse production effect...
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...Nrega and Women Workers NREGA and Women Workers Dr.Telani Meena Horo Divya Jyoti Tirkey Lecturer Development Officer Deptt of Political Science Premium869 Words4 Pages • Nrega Some Facts Performance Audit Report No. XXXX11 of 2008 Ministry of PowerRural Development Performance Audit of Implementation of National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) 1 Introduction 1.1 Overview of NREGA The National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005 (NREGA) guarantees 100 da Premium2424 Words10 Pages • Orissa Nrega Scam HOT-SPOTS OF NREGA CORRUPTION IN ORISSA The following List of villages has been prepared by using Corruption Detection Tool (CDT) devised by CEFS. CEFS is absolutely certain that there has been open loot and massive financial bungling of NREGA funds in more than 95 per cent of the villages selected Premium4426 Words18 Pages • Nrega Assignment 1, PGPM Sharp rise in rural wages contributes to food inflation spike A sharp rise in rural wages has supported consumption growth, but also contributed to a sharp rise in food inflation. An analysis of rural wage data by global investment Bank JP Morgan indicates that the advent of th Premium276 Words2 Pages • Nrega The National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) which was enacted by legislation passed on August 25, 2005 is an Indian job guarantee scheme. It has now been renamed as Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) since...
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...RIDERS FOR NREGA: CHALLENGES OF BACKWARD DISTRICTS The 200 backward districts where the NREGA is being implemented make the Act more desirable but at the same time less feasible. Their unique socio-economic and governance problems better be understood for the NREGA to be effective. The 200 backward districts, identified by the Planning Commission (See box: Measuring Backwardness), will pose major challenges to the implementation of the NREGA because of their special problems. They are the least developed areas of the country comprising mostly marginal farmers and forest dwellers. In many of these districts poverty has increased despite consistent focus of several poverty eradication programmes. Governance has little or no presence in most of these districts. The NREGA with the aim to reduce poverty is thus desirable for these districts. The NREGA can target development using huge demand for casual jobs. However, the absence of governance will make the implementation difficult. It is thus imperative to understand the complex socioeconomic and governance challenges of the backward districts. This will help implement the NREGA in an effective way. And for the NREGA, these districts will decide its overall success. A DIFFICULT CONSTITUENCY Widespread poverty is a major feature with all these districts. A large number of them are located in the arid and semi–arid regions with 94 districts covered under the Drought Prone Areas Programme (DPAP) and 8 districts covered...
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...Economic Environment Management PROJECT Impact of the “Right to work programme” in India SUBMITTED BY – Yash Jhaveri IIM Kozhikode Batch: EPGP04: Date of Submission: 27th January 2013 Contents INTRODUCTION : Right to Work In INDIA .......................................................................................... 3 What is NREGA / MGNREGA .............................................................................................................. 3 WHAT ARE THE GENERAL BENEFITS RTW / MGNREGA ..................................................................... 4 HOW IS THE PROGRAM FINANCED? .................................................................................................. 4 Financing pattern ............................................................................................................................... 4 Release of funds ................................................................................................................................. 4 Comparison : RTW/MGNREGA Vs other government based employment schemes ........................ 5 Impact of RIGHT TO WORK / MGNREGA ........................................................................................... 5 Increase in GDP .................................................................................................................................. 5 Effect on Inflation ..............................................................................................
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...did you report for work? 6. Was the work given to you within 15 days or the date for which you demanded employment? 7. If employment was not provided within 15 days and you reported for work, was any unemployment allowance provided? 8. Is the work site within 5 km radius? If no then what is the wage received? 9. Was there any delay in payment of wages? 10. Did you take any action to curb such practices? 11. Did you go for work in which delay in payment of wages was made? 12. Did the delay in payment of wages force you to migrate during lean periods? 13. Ratio of wages male: female? 14. What are the provisions provided to you at the worksite? 15. What is the mode of payment of wages? 16. How has NREGA helped you in terms of creating durable assets? 17. What is the quality of assets created? 18. What are the types of works you think needs to be taken up? 19. How often are you involved in the social audit process? 20. Did you propose any recommendations for the work to be taken up? Was the work approved? If not, then why? 21. Rank these...
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...Great Lakes Institute of Management PGPM 2013-14 MGNREGA: Is it resulting in the intended outcomes? Sharad Raghavan Introduction What is the Act? The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) was passed in Parliament in 2005 and has been one of the flagship projects of the ruling Congress-led UPA coalition. The Act was put into place to provide 100 days of guaranteed employment in a financial year to any adult who asks, and who is willing to do unskilled work. The intended beneficiaries of the Act were the poor. It was almost entirely on the basis of the popularity of this concept that the UPA government won its re-election in 2009. The objectives of the Act, as stated by the Ministry of Rural Development are: 1. Ensuring social protection for the most vulnerable people living in rural India through employment opportunities. 2. Ensuring livelihood security for the poor through creation of durable assets, improved water security, soil conservation and higher land productivity. 3. Strengthening drought-proofing and flood management in rural India. 4. Aiding in the empowerment of the marginalized communities, especially women, Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs), through the processes of a rights-based legislation. 5. Strengthening decentralized, participatory planning through convergence of various anti-poverty and livelihoods initiatives. 6. Deepening democracy at the grass-roots by strengthening the Panchayati Raj Institutions...
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...|State: RAJASTHAN | |Employment Generated During The financial Year 2012-2013 | | | |1 | |2 | |3 | |4 | |5 | |6 | |7 | |8 | |9 ...
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...Market share of the companies in the FMCG sector Current Status: The Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) companies have shown one more quarter of good growth in December quarter. The growth was supported by the rise in spend, price hike and festive season. However the overall slowdown in the economy has began to affect the FMCG sector with companies posting deceleration in volume growth. Discretionary spending has been hit severely due to the ongoing slowdown. Volume has been impacted due to rising inflation, standard packaging norms, hike in prices and closures in some Modern trade stores. In the upcoming budget, the FMCG sector would be hoping for announcements that would boost demand Source: IBEF.org News Date: 9 July 2014 FMCG Stock rise on railway budget report: It provide major boost to ready to eat and food industry which was slow due to economic slowdown Source: Business Line The industry has witnessed healthy foreign direct investment (FDI) inflow, as the sector accounted for 3 per cent of the country’s total FDI inflow in the period April 2000 to October 2013. Organised retail share is expected to double to 14–18 per cent of the overall retail market by 2015. The Government of India has approved 51 per cent FDI in multi-brand retail, which will boost the nascent organised retail market in the country. It has also allowed 100 per cent FDI in the cash and carry segment and in single-brand retail. The government has also amended the Sugarcane Control Order...
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...FMCG NOVEMBER 2011 For updated information, please visit www.ibef.org 1 FMCG NOVEMBER 2011 Contents Advantage India Market overview and trends Growth drivers Success stories: Major players Opportunities Useful information For updated information, please visit www.ibef.org 2 FMCG NOVEMBER 2011 Advantage India Growing demand • Attractive opportunities • 2018E Market size: USD74 billion Rising disposable income of the young population has been a major growth driver for the sector Emergence of organised retail has boosted the distribution of FMCG sector Low penetration levels in rural market offer room for growth Consumers are highly adaptable to new and innovative products • • • Advantage India Increasing investments • There is a growing market for premium products Policy support • Industry saw heavy FDI inflows as they accounted for 2.1 per cent of the country’s total FDI 2000-10 Many players are pursuing inorganic growth by acquiring regional players Automatic investment approval of up to 100 per cent foreign equity is allowed Have improved on the infrastructure facilities which has increased access to the industry • • 2010 Market size: USD28 billion Notes: Market size estimates from Technopak 2018E – estimated figure for 2018 For updated information, please visit www.ibef.org ADVANTAGE INDIA 3 FMCG NOVEMBER 2011 Contents Advantage India Market overview and trends Growth drivers Success stories: Major players Opportunities...
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...Mandsaur is rich in archaeological and historical heritage But what makes it famous is the temple of Lord Pashupatinath located on the bank of shivna river. Its idol has parallel only in Nepal. The most common language is Malvi (Rajasthani and Hindi Mixed).It is also famous for large production of Opium around the world. The slate pencil industry is the main industry of the district. 1. LOCATION Mandsaur District forms the northern projection of Madhya Pradesh from its western Division, i.e., Ujjain Commissioner's Division. It lies between the parallels of latitude 230 45' 50" North and 250 2' 55" North, and between the meridians of longitude 740 42' 30" East and 750 50' 20" East. 2. BOUNDARIES The District is bounded by two Districts namely Neemuch in the west‐north and Ratlam District of Madhya Pradesh bounds it in the South. 3. AREA AND POPULATION The District is an average size district of Madhya Pradesh. It extends for about 142 km. from north to south and 124 km. from east to west. The total area is 5521 sq. km. with a population of 1183274 in 2001. The Scheduled Castes population of the District is 212262, Scheduled Tribes 37526 and 4. SUBDIVISIONS AND TEHSILS The District is divided into four sub divisions or Janpaths and eight tehsils. The sub divisional head quarters are at Mandsaur, Malhargarh, Sitamau and Garoth. whether Mandsaur, Malhargah, Garoth, Shamgarh, Dalauda, Bhanpura, Suwasra and Sitamau are eight tehsils of District. 5. CLIMATE The climate...
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...Q: 6 Do you think the classification of economic activities into primary, tertiary and secondary is useful? Explain how. Answer The classification of economic activities into primary, tertiary and secondary is useful on account of the information it provides on how and where the people of a country are employed. also this helps in ascertaining as to which sector of economic activity contributes more or less to the country’s GDP and per capita income. If the tertiary sector is developing much faster than the primary sector, then it implies that agriculture is depleting, and the government must take measures to rectify this. The knowledge that the agricultural profession is becoming unpopular or regressive can only come if we know which sector it belongs to. Hence it is necessary to classify economic activities into these there sectors for smooth economic administration and development. Q: 7 For each of the following sectors that we came across in this chapter why should one focus on employment and GDP? Could there be other issues which should be examined? Discuss. Answer For each of the sectors mentioned in this chapter our focus should definitely be on employment and GDP. This is because growth in GDP and full employment are common goals of Five Year Plans and they also determine the size of a country’s economy. A focus on employment and GDP helps us to calculate and monitor the most important factors like: per capita income, productivity, changes in...
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...MARKETING MANAGEMENT – II PROJECT REPORT on Mahindra and Mahindra Motorcycle Launch Submitted by: Rupa Deepanju (2012261) Sagar Panchal (2012262) Sarath S (2012272) Shashank Doveriyal (2012292) Srinivasa Krishnan S (2012312) KLIO * Hamare Logon ke Liye Two Wheeler market size: The Indian two-wheeler industry is divided into three segments namely motorcycles, scooters and mopeds. Sales of the Indian two-wheeler industry were estimated at around Rs 650 billion in value terms and 15.4 in volume terms at the 2011-12. The industry has posted healthy growth over the past 5 years, growing at a CAGR of 15 per cent and 12.7 per cent, in value and volume terms respectively. In volume as well as value terms, motorcycles lead the two-wheeler market. In 2011-12, share of motorcycles in sales volumes was 77.6 per cent. The two wheeler industry is dominated by three players - Hero MotoCorp, Bajaj Auto and TVS Motors together contribute around 80 per cent of the domestic sales volumes. Over last 5 years, the domestic industry has clocked a growth at a CAGR of 11.3 per cent during 2007-08 to 2011-12. Motorcycles segment continue to rule the market Motorcycles can be further divided into three segments - economy, executive and premium. The economy segment comprises lower-end motorcycles (priced at Rs 30,000-40,000 when launched), whereas the executive segment (launch price between Rs 40,000-50,000) and...
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