...Social cliques. This is a world renowned topic. Many children struggle to find what group they belong to. In high school, there are many social groups, some of which are unique, but also frightening or just awkward. Some examples of social groups are the hipsters, jocks, nerds, geeks, and the “Artsy” group. These are just a couple of groups, there are tons more. In this article, I will be talking about Social groups in a young adolescent’s life and the different ways that they need their groups. High school can be gruesome. In high school, young adolescents are finding who they truly are but nevertheless where they belong in the world. “In the high school adolescent years, peer relationships become even more critical.(Source 1)” This means...
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...Association Rule (QAR) mining has been recognized an influential research problem due to the popularity of quantitative databases and the usefulness of association rules in real life. Unlike Boolean Association Rules (BARs), which only consider boolean attributes, QARs consist of quantitative attributes which contain much richer information than the boolean attributes. To develop a data mining system for huge database composed of numerical and categorical attributes, there exists necessary process to decide valid quantization of the numerical attributes. One of the main problems is to obtain interesting rules from continuous numeric attributes. In this paper, the Mutual Information between the attributes in a quantitative database is described and normalization on the Mutual Information to make it applicable in the context of QAR mining is devised. It deals with the problem of discretizing continuous data in order to discover a number of high confident association rules, which cover a high percentage of examples in the data set. Then a Mutual Information graph (MI graph), whose edges are attribute pairs that have normalized Mutual Information no less than a predefined information threshold is constructed. The cliques in the MI graph represent a majority of the frequent itemsets. Keywords: Quantitative Databases, Association Rules, Mutual Information 1. Introduction Association rule mining is a significant research topic in the knowledge discovery area. Association analysis...
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...Nockenofsky, 337655518 The Meaning of Meanness: Popularity, Competition, and Conflict among Junior High School Girls Don E. Merten In this qualitative research paper, Merten examines the sociocultural construct of meanness, more specifically how competition for popularity influenced a group of girls in junior high to be blatantly mean to one another. The goal is to understand why meanness was considered acceptable and didn’t threaten the girls’ popularity and perhaps more importantly, to understand the mixture of social and cultural factors that exist behind this cluster of behaviors. Merten approaches the issue of meanness not because of a deficiency in existing field research but in order to focus on the relationship between competition for popularity and meanness. The clique he researched had become so embroiled in their mean spirited behaviors, they acquired a reputation of being the meanest girls in the school. Merten concentrates on analyzing the complicated factors that led to such a social reality. In earlier research of competition and its effects on human relationships, researchers worked from the suspicion that women were by nature less competitive than men. Females were found to prefer to use verbal strategies to diffuse personal conflict rather than confront any open competition. Eventually it was understood...
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...INVITED PAPER Overlapping Communities Explain Core–Periphery Organization of Networks The paper presents a new paradigm for uncovering the modular structure of complex networks. By Jaewon Yang and Jure Leskovec ABSTRACT | Networks provide a powerful way to study food web networks have a single central dominant core while complex systems of interacting objects. Detecting network communities in protein–protein interaction (PPI) as well as communitiesVgroups of objects that often correspond to func- product copurchasing networks have small overlaps and form tional modulesVis crucial to understanding social, technolog- many local cores. ical, and biological systems. Revealing communities allows for | Community detection; core–periphery structure; analysis of system properties that are invisible when consid- KEYWORDS ering only individual objects or the entire system, such as the identification of module boundaries and relationships or the ground-truth communities; networks classification of objects according to their functional roles. However, in networks where objects can simultaneously belong to multiple modules at once, the decomposition of a network into overlapping communities remains a challenge. Here we present a new paradigm for uncovering the modular structure of complex networks, based on a decomposition of a network into any combination of overlapping, nonoverlapping, and hierarchically organized communities...
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...The Socialization of Children: Home Schooling Over Public Schooling Every parent who makes a decision to home school can be assured that they are going to hear the dreaded "S" word. What about socialization? Often that's the extent of the question without any major elaboration. It seems to me that there are 3 basic implications in the question: Socialization is necessary. Socialization is good. And finally, to be properly socialized, children must spend large amounts of time with their peers. This paper will go into detail to consider the question of whether home schooling or public schooling provides the most positive socialization for children, and the least negative socialization. This is the primary concern of those who question the soundness of home schooling. Before dealing with these assumptions however, let's first consider one important question: What is socialization? I looked it up in Webster s Collegiate Dictionary Socialize- 1. To place under group or government control; especially, to regulate according to socialist principles. 2. To convert from an antisocial to a social attitude; make friendly, cooperative, or sociable. 3. To convert or adapt to the needs of a social group. 4. To take part in social activities. (1995) The dictionary gives us clear and rigid definitions of socializing yet because of that rigid-ness, it loses some ability to be practically applied to our changing society. Socialization can and has been interpreted in many...
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...Final Research Paper Global organizations are recovering from the 2008 financial crisis and are repositioning themselves for aggressive growth. As the economy recovers, organizations worldwide realize the need for highly connected, ambitious and valuable contributors forcing companies to develop innovative ideas and find human capital to develop capabilities and share expertise. Globalization has changed the face of 21st century workforce. In today's fast paced and growing economy, there is an exponential increase of cultural diversity within big businesses and corporations. There is an opportunity to "achieve higher levels of productivity and extraordinary performance" (Nykiel) for large corporations with a multicultural workforce. At the same time, it may also "be more challenging in a multicultural work and managerial environment" (Nykiel). Workforce Diversity Statistics The term "multicultural workforce" which represents the personal characteristics of employees in an organization is today superseded and replaced by a much broader term, "cultural diversity". Diversity refers to the way organizations respond to a multicultural workforce. The strategy in large organizations is to leverage differences in employees to increase creativity and have a competitive advantage in a fierce market. In the 2014 survey conducted by Diversity Inc; which is the leading publication for the education and benefits of large organizations, 1215 companies participated in an empirically...
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...Classical Probabilistic Models and Conditional Random Fields Roman Klinger Katrin Tomanek Algorithm Engineering Report TR07-2-013 December 2007 ISSN 1864-4503 Faculty of Computer Science Algorithm Engineering (Ls11) 44221 Dortmund / Germany http://ls11-www.cs.uni-dortmund.de/ Classical Probabilistic Models and Conditional Random Fields Roman Klinger∗ Katrin Tomanek∗ Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing (SCAI) Schloss Birlinghoven 53754 Sankt Augustin, Germany Jena University Language & Information Engineering (JULIE) Lab F¨rstengraben 30 u 07743 Jena, Germany Dortmund University of Technology Department of Computer Science Chair of Algorithm Engineering (Ls XI) 44221 Dortmund, Germany katrin.tomanek@uni-jena.de roman.klinger@scai.fhg.de roman.klinger@udo.edu Contents 1 Introduction 2 2 Probabilistic Models 2.1 Na¨ Bayes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ıve 2.2 Hidden Markov Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3 Maximum Entropy Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 4 5 6 3 Graphical Representation 10 3.1 Directed Graphical Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 3.2 Undirected Graphical Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 4 Conditional Random Fields 4.1 Basic Principles . . . . . . . . 4.2 Linear-chain CRFs . . . . . . 4.2.1 Training . . . ...
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...issues are often caused by external conditions, such as poverty, unhealthy living conditions and a negative home life. Some behavioral issues are a direct cause of mental health problems, but for this study, we will not look at the mental health issues that cause behavior issues. A growing body of research has examined the cause of youth violence, among peers and parental relationships. The world we are living in today is full of violent images; from video games to movies, even much of today’s music can promote a violent message. There are other external influences that can also influence many children’s behaviors; such as impoverishment, inferior living conditions, inadequate housing, which often leads to illicit activities; such as drug and alcohol abuse and other criminal activities. In this research study, we will try to answer several questions the effects of violent images, or video games may have on our youth today. We will also examine if coming from a broken home has any direct correlation on the behavior of the child or children? This paper will examine several studies on this subject in the hopes of discovering the possible solutions to the questions raised in this paper. * Do violent images, video games, etc. influence children’s behavior? * Does coming from a broken, or abusive home, etc. influence children’s behavior? * Do children raised in a typical two parent household have an advantage over those raised in single family households? * Can coming...
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...Fawn’s Psychology Paper: Introducing Psychology to Young Adults in Schools; A Comprehensive Study. The word psychology resides in the etymological crevice entitled “study of the soul” a field of knowledge that adopts the ever-evolving, broad body of academic and applicative precision in regards to the ‘science of mind’. Psychology ascended from a mixture of philosophy and biology, now thriving under the vast discipline it is today. Ever wondered why bullies choose to inflict pain upon others? Ever wondered why you’re not as happy as the boy with the higher income? Ever wondered why cliques neglect each other usually, then unify when a tragic event occurs? These emotional, hierarchical or social questions along with everything you do, think and feel are all factors under the psychological microscope. Psychology hides behind the curtain of Human Resources in Industrial-Organizational psychology at almost any business or corporation you might strive to work at, and criminal profilers who earned their degrees in Forensic Psychology are able to deduce a criminal’s next move by integral accumulated psychological understandings about the criminal- psychology is the foundation of personal, social and clerical understanding. The following paragraphs demonstrate the value psychology and how it affects us. Personality: Psychologists have corroborated in a myriad of personality theories and traits that the vast permutations create a distinction between every individual on the planet...
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...Final Research Paper-Multicultural Workforce COMM/215 December 1, 2014 Introduction-Worldwide Telecommunications Company Globalization is a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies, and governments of different nations. It is driven by international trade and investment and aided by information technology (The Levin Institute, 2014). Indeed, globalization has made our world smaller. As the markets for products, services, labor, and capital increasingly integrate worldwide, we are witnessing the increasing economic, cultural, demographic, political, and environmental interdependence of different locations around the world (Elfrink, 2014). In his book The World Is Flat, Thomas Friedman perfectly captured the essence of today’s new era of globalization. By flat, Friedman meant that the world is connected. The lowering of trade and political barriers, and the exponential technical advances of the digital revolution have made it possible to do business or almost anything else, instantaneously with billions of other people across the planet (Friedman 2005). However, with a more global business environment comes a host of new challenges including managing a multicultural workforce comprised of people with widely differing backgrounds. In a multicultural environment, where the meanings of various behaviors and practices are as diverse as the people demonstrating them, incorrect assumptions could easily lead to miscommunication (Lankard, 1994). The...
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...TAGBAR Literature Problems Encountered by Irregular College Students Background of the Study Academic performance really means three things: this means the ability to study and remember facts, it also means being able to think in relation to facts and thirdly, it further means being able to communicate one’s knowledge verbally or practically (www.google.com). A marching band is a company of instrumental musicians performing outdoors for the purpose of entertainment and sometimes in competition. Instrumentations typically include brass, woodwinds and percussion instruments (en.wikipedia.com). The marching band at Partido State University was one of the competing units among the marching bands. They joined military parades, concerts, street parades and many more. It means that joining in marching bands had a lot of trainings and practices to be done. In this regards the academic performance of the band members maybe sacrifice because of double priorities. In addition, the society may have different expectations of the performance of the band members according to their own perspectives. It was observed that there are band members who had incomplete or failing grades. It all depends on how they personally addressed problems as a student and as a band members who got failing grades and incomplete grades faced a consequence of termination as a band scholar. http://www.termpaperwarehouse.com/essay-on/Problems-Encountered-By-Irregular-College-Students/134394 Factors...
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...The Forgotten Group Member Name: Institution: Instructor: Date of submission: Introduction There are five main stages in group development. These are formation, storming, norming, the performing stage and the adjourning stage (Hellriegel & Slocum, 2007). It is necessary for each of these stages to be undertaken by every group; clearly knowing when on stage ends and another begins. Failures to do so, problems occur, that may culminate to poor performance or not completing the assignment at all. An analysis on a research carried out in the University of Ontario, school of business. Students were asked to carry out a group assignment. This paper discusses Problems, causes and possible solutions of the problems in this group. a) The Issue. In Christine’s group, there are a number of issues that stir concern. Mike does not take his part of the assignment seriously. He comes to meetings poorly prepared and enjoys talking about unimportant issues during discussions and misses others. Janet, although hardworking, misses meeting sessions without apology. Christine, as the group leader, does not manage to unite the group members so as to achieve the best results. This does not comply with the mission statement and job description they had earlier signed in the exhibits. Janet’s plan to leave the group and work alone is an indication of the failure of the group to stick together. The major issue in this organization is leadership incompetence...
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...Writing Report Kathy Engle CJA 304 5/17/2014 James Backus Writing Report According to the Webster dictionary communication is (“A process in which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, and behavior.”)1 in this research paper it will be addressing verbal and nonverbal communication. The difference between hearing, and listening is another component of communication. Another thing that is going to be mentioned is the different barriers to effective communication in criminal justice organizations. In the end the research carries us to the different barriers to effective communication in criminal justice organizations. There is two types of communication verbal, and nonverbal. In research it was hard to break down the different styles of verbal communication, but it is base around there 4our aspects, blaming, directing, problem solving, and persuading. With nonverbal communication you have writing as in a written word, and body movements. It is mostly important to have good listening skills, because research has shown that (“listening to a 10-minute oral presentation, the average listener has heard, understood, and retained 50 percent of what was said.”)2 When you repeat what the person told you back to them then that shows good communication. With the nonverbal communication you best be careful because your body movement can give you away, like if a person is lying, or guilty about something it will show in their body language...
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...Communication and Personality in Negotiation: Cyber-Bulling Paper Name MGT/445 Organizational Negotiations University of Phoenix Date Instructor Communication and Personality in Negotiation: Cyber-Bulling Paper Bullying has been a part of student’s life since the beginning of time and has evolved with each passing generation unfortunately. When I was student in grade school bullying consisted of spreading rumors, not allowing certain people in your cliques, teasing, getting groups of people to attack a student, threats and hitting. Since this type of bullying was done in person it was more visual and adults were able to intervene in most cases. With the introduction of the internet bullying has escalated to a whole new level. Now students are able to Cyber bully other students and being limitless while doing so. Cyber-Bullying “is defined as an individual or group willingly using information and communication involving electronic technologies to facilitate deliberate and repeated harassment or threat to another individual or group by sending or posting cruel text and/or graphics using technological means” (Mason 2008). Cyber-Bullying has been slowly creeping its way into our children lives. Cyber-Bullying has become a regrettable part of school for students across the world. It can go unseen by adults, unreported by the students/victims and sadly unresolved. Nowadays, bullies are able to prey on their victims via social networking websites, blogs, cell...
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...In the Federalist No. 10 essay written by James Madison, it addresses the question of how to guard against “factions”, or groups of citizens, with interests’ contrary to the rights of others or the interests of the whole community. Scholars cite the whole series of Federalist Papers and jurists to mean the Founding Fathers did not intend the United States government to be partisan (Wikipedia n.d.). The 17th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is the direct popular election of U.S. Senators via a statewide vote and Representatives via congressional district voting. This demonstrates effective and successful popular voting that has occurred for decades. A disadvantage of the Electoral College is the idea of voter suppression since each State is entitled to the same number of electoral votes regardless of voter turnout – this provides no incentive for voters to be highly participative during presidential elections. The popular vote is not reflected with the Electoral College – instead, the Electoral College electors are...
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