...The Industrial Revolution – the Factory Worker vs. the Plantation Worker: A Discussion of the Labor Conditions The Industrial Revolution was a period of great change in Europe and North America – a period where progress in agriculture, technology, transportation and more allowed the development of human civilization from the previous primarily agricultural based societies. This time period between the 18th to 19th century saw many developments such as canals, roads, steam power, combustion engine, as well as significant strides in manufacturing and factory work. Immense changes occurred in society: affecting daily life and causing significant societal impacts. The objective of this paper is to discuss the significant social effects that the Industrial Revolution (and industrialization, in general) – focusing on the working conditions and dynamic of plantations and factories. In this time period, it is evident that the employer, business owner, and middle class factory owner would benefit from the lower class, general laborer who would be unfairly compensated and be subject to poor conditions, creating a significant gap between the upper/middle and lower classes. The period of the Industrial Revolution was not only a driving force in technology, but economics and society. Industrialization brought a new form of wealth and riches to the people who were able to capitalize on it; this largely being the middle class, and to a smaller extent, the upper class. New opportunities...
Words: 1401 - Pages: 6
...History Notes January 17, 2013 Industrial Revolution in the USA * Growing population by the mid-1800s, the population of Europe and North America was on a rise. * The rapidly growing cities of the industrial world attracted people of different/every social class. Also the growing demand for textiles and other mass produced goods. The effects of the American Industrial Revolution ranged from positive, in the form of growing cities, individual wealth, and philanthropy, negative, in the form of child labour, abusive working conditions, and unsanitary living conditions. Positive and Negative impacts of the American Industrial Revolution on the United States Positive * Improve people’s daily lives by diversifying the number and quality of the kinds of products factories could provide, also ordinary Americans learned better, lived better and had more time on their hands as conveniences and efficiencies defined the Industrial Revolution. * Transportation and technology in terms of the expansion of business including the expansion of our transportation network out of necessity and brought US canals, highways and turnpikes. It better connected us together as a society. There was technological innovation such as interchangeable parts (Eli Whitney) and the textile mill (Samuel Slater) which revolutionized Americans lifestyle. * Jobs as factories in the major cities created hundreds of thousands of jobs, expanded the cities...
Words: 860 - Pages: 4
...The Industrial Revolution is considered the most innovative time period in the world. There are many positive effects of the Industrial Revolution, yet also many negative effects. New inventions came as a result, such as: the steam engine, automobile, telegraph, light bulbs, and vaccines. Negative effects came from the harsh conditions of factories during the eighteenth century. The Industrial Revolution had negative effects regarding child labor, and injuries to factory workers, on the plus side of the revolution new inventions were invented which causes an advancement in technology. Pessimistic effects were introduced frequently due to the Industrial Revolution, one major negative effect of the revolution was child labor. Children ages ten and up were working in hazardous factories according to Document One where William Cooper says he began working in a...
Words: 584 - Pages: 3
...BRITISH FACTORIES DURING THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION NAME COURSE DATE The advent of the spinning frame in 1769 can be said to be the precursor of the growth of factories in Britain. Richard Arkwright is the brain behind the growth of factories following his patenting of the spinning frame, and consequently establishing the first Britain’s first true factory at Cromford . The spinning mill did change Great Britain. Prior to 1769, the domestic system was in place. In a domestic system, two or three people worked in homes. As bigger machinery came into existence, it became increasingly hard for the domestic system to handle the demands of the manufacturing industry. However, the spinning mill proved to have attracted droves of laborers. For the first time in the history of Great Britain, more than three hundred laborers were absorbed by the spinning mill. Moreover, the Cromford Mill had effectively employed eight hundred people by 1789. A majority of the mill’s workforce were unskilled although there were a couple of engineers. Each laborer had duties to perform over a specified period of time. Unlike the domestic system where people could virtually work their own hours and hence was flexible, the factory system boasted of in-house and clock rules that governed it. In light with the rapid development of machines that simplified work and maximized production, the textile industry became the first in adopting factories. New machines began to shape Great...
Words: 986 - Pages: 4
...Jamaal Griffin Western civilization Film summary The Industrial World The Industrial Revolution affected life in Europe during the 19th century very greatly. Cities in Great Britain were growing rapidly, this was known as urbanization. Many cities such as Glasgow and Berlin more than doubled in size. The Industrial Revolution was having a positive affect on Great Britain. From the outpour of people into cities looking for work, things were so rapidly paced that there was no order in these cities. Unsanitary and unsafe buildings were being built all over to home all of the workers. There was less than adequate education and police protection for the ever-growing population. Many people had to live in shelters due to the lack of housing; many families lived in a single room. Many people died of cholera from the poor living and working conditions. The main goal that factory owners wanted was to keep their production a constant, working for the better part of a day. Since the owners wanted to save as much money as possible, the factories were rarely cleaned or well lit. Coalmines posed the biggest danger from the constant inhalation of coal dust and the collapse of the mines. Workers had a life expectancy 10 years less than of another worker. Even though the Industrial revolution brought problems to life quickly, through the long run a number of positive effects arose. It provided jobs for workers and it aided in technological progress and invention. It raised the standard...
Words: 380 - Pages: 2
...industries that are primarily concerned with the design and manufacturing of clothing as well as the distribution and use of textiles. The industry can be split up into three stages: Cotton stage, industrial revolution, and post industrial revolution. In the early parts of the Textile-Mill Industry, known as the cotton stage, products were produced at home using wool, cotton, or flax depending on the area and location. The excess material was sold to merchants called clothiers who would visit the villages and buy large amounts of excess cloth from local producers. The process for making cloth involved three steps which included preparation of fibers for spinning, spinning, and weaving or knitting. In the early days everything was very labor intensive and the market was limited to local towns and passing clothiers. The second stage of the Textile-Mill Industry is known as the industrial revolution stage. During this period mass production of clothing became a mainstream industry which resulted in a growth of the entire Textile-Mill Industry. The spinning and weaving process became mechanized with several new machines introduced to the industry with the majority of the power coming from water wheels. Additionally, the industries market began to expand as exports of textiles began to rise. Presently the Textile-Mill Industry is situated at the third stage known as the post industrial revolution stage. In the current stage the industry has experienced dramatic globalization...
Words: 1442 - Pages: 6
...The Industrial revolution had the long term effect of greatly improving the living standards for common people in Britain. There is however a constant debate on whether or not the British living standards rose during the early part of the Industrial Revolution (1770-1850). The optimists generally believed that the industrialization brought higher wages, and a better standard of living. T.S. Ashton suggested that for the majority of the population, the gain in real wages was substantial, and outweighed the negative effects brought by industrialization. Pessimists argue that the quality of life for workers deteriorated greatly between 1780 and 1850, with very limited improvements for some skilled sectors before the 1870’s. This purpose of this paper is to analyze the debate from an economic and social perspective. We will examine both arguments and prove that although there was a rise in real wages, that rise was not as high as many optimists believe, and that the rise in real wages did not mean that the living standards of the average citizen were necessarily improved. This paper will substantiate that the benefits resulting from the rise in real wages, did not outweigh the costs that followed. We will examine how pollution, poor working conditions, and an overall lack of basic human rights and equality, plagued the British population and did not initially raise the living standards of the average person in Britain. The majority of debates between pessimists and optimists...
Words: 2789 - Pages: 12
...ROMANTICISM AND REALISM Deborah Christman Western Governor’s University ROMANTICISM AND REALISM Both Romanticism and Realism were art movements that began in the 19th century, during a time of war and revolution. Romanticism focused on emotions, injustice, and extraordinary, while Realism characterized the world without glorification. Both began as a response to historic ideas, but they vary in terms of artistic style and political views. In the first part of the 19th century, a new art movement began—Romanticism. Romanticism arose in retaliation of Neoclassicism, which placed restraints on artists and “rules-driven orderliness”. Romantic artists focused more on perception and impression, rather than on the specific object. They included “passion, emotion, and exotic settings with dramatic action”. Their attention was on the Romantic hero (archetype) who rejected normal life and focused on himself. The subjects in their paintings showed the preposterous and untamed side of humans. (Mindedge, 3.18) To display emotion and style, the artists used somber paint colors and displayed Gothic elements. The color red was used quite often as a sunset or in the person’s clothing, while black and gray were used for the skies to display impending doom. The main goals of Romanticism were to portray the battle between man vs. nature and man vs. himself, and also show certain political issues. The types of media used were oil paints and watercolor. The painting...
Words: 1543 - Pages: 7
...The industrial Revolution which took place from 18th to 19th century, Started in England and United states and spread throughout Europe. That was the time of big inventions which changed the world for ever. With the arrival of industrial Revolution world experienced very important changes in different ways such as Manufacturing machines and modern tools, Farming system( agriculture), and transportation system. Before the Industrial Revolution, world was a quite different place to the one that exists today. Industrialization brought with it new types of roads, trains and many other forms of communications which simply did not exist prior to industrialization. So before the Industrial Revolution it was very hard to keep in touch with people...
Words: 271 - Pages: 2
...Gabrielle D’Amato TSEM Writing Assignment #2 The Role of the Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution took place in the 18th and 19th centuries. During this time period, societies in Europe and America lead to urbanization. For the first time, humans moved from an agrarian lifestyle to an urban lifestyle. Industrialization marked a shift in power, machinery, factories, and mass production. Prior to the Industrial Revolution, manufacturing was usually done in people’s homes, using their hands or basic machines. The Industrial Revolution is the name given to the movement in which machines changed people's way of life as well as their methods of manufacture. One specific manufactory that was transformed by this innovation was the way we produced clothes, which is now known textile industry. The textile industry can be described as industries that are primarily concerned with the design or manufacture of clothing as well as the distribution and use of textiles. Before machines and factories, people created textiles in their own homes, which required long tedious hours of hard work. They had the most basic equipment and provided themselves with all the raw materials. The problem with not being a legit foundry or business, led to people only working when they felt like working and on their own schedules. Either not enough products were being made or the results were inefficient. As the industrial revolution began to spread, the physical demand for labor was decreasing...
Words: 628 - Pages: 3
...production.. The Industrial Revolution began in Britain towards the end of the 18th century. The Industrial Revolution was changing domestic work into factory work, this was transitioning the world on a new innovative way on how to produce and manufacture clothes. The use of machinery were replaced the old use of hand crafting garments. During the 18th century production, distribution and acquisitions were developed and also the development of steam power, this showed how clothes move from country to country. Fashion was able to become accessible to a large number of consumers, allowing more people to get garments that were produced in the factories. Isaac Singer was the man who created the world’s first sewing machine in 1851, New York. The objective of this essay is to demonstrate how ‘Fashion has reflected Social, Cultural, Political, Economic and technological changes since the Industrial Revolution.’ This essay will include how Social and Cultural changes have been made since the Industrial Revolution. Main Body Social Changes and Cultural Changes. Before the industrial revolution came along, most goods were made in small, cramped workshops or in the comfort of people's homes. This was called the domestic system, Factories were commonly built near rivers, so that water power could be used to run the machines. People started to leave the country and the farms to go into the main cities to find work and to live a different lifestyle. Work opportunities during the Industrial...
Words: 437 - Pages: 2
...During the early 1800s, the United States changed in numerous ways in a little amount of time. The changes that occurred were a result of the industrial development and advancements that took place in the 19th century. Consequently, there were both many positive and negative effects that occurred as a result of these changes. However, these developments affected the North and the South in great ways. The differences between the two eventually caused a good amount of tension because they were moving in completely different directions with culture, political views, and economies. As a consequence of poor farming conditions and a mass amount of immigrants coming into America, the Northern states developed into an economy based on industry and manufacturing. The North was mountainous with rocky soil and rapid rivers. It had long cold winters and mild summers which were not suitable for cash crops such as tobacco, cotton, sugar, rice, etc. They had to focus heavily on industrialization due to the resources they had available to them, such as iron and coal that was abundant. Using these resources as an energy source, the North constructed factories that produced textiles, furniture, tools, etc. Since factories were producing a mass amount of goods in a short amount of time, they exported their goods to the West and South. Trade was easier in the North, due to the amount of canals and railroads that connected major cities and towns to one another. To keep these factories running...
Words: 1161 - Pages: 5
...Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution was an unprecedented period in European history that occured in 18th and 19th century. It represents one of the most significant eras of the modern European history, during which major changes took place in everyday lives of millions across the continent and further beyond. These major changes included improvements in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, transportation and technology, withboth, positive and negative consequences. The main focus of the essay will be the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain (after 1707), an empire (U.K.) that included colonies from all over the world. Practiacally, the Great Britain is the place where it all began. The question is why does the Industrial Revolution occurs in the Great Britain? There are many reasons. The most significant one is that the Britain had an empire which included colonies from Canada to Austalia. It controlled many trade channels and imposed itself as the leading naval superpower. The preconditions were fulfilled and the Britain practically controlled half of the world before, for example, Germany was even unified. The colonies provided many raw materials, with many of them being so rare, that they could be found only in those particular parts of the world. The industrialization, however, had not took place in Britain's colonies. This was not a coincidence, on the contrary. By this, the Great Britain made an access to new markets. Indeed, it does sound absurd that the...
Words: 1267 - Pages: 6
...As the Scientific Revolution and Age of Enlightenment were coming to and end, a new revolution was developing. The Industrial Revolution refers to the time period in which major industrialization occurred. Businesses used machines to manufacture products, instead of making them by hand. Millions of people moved to cities to pursue new opportunities. Although the Industrial Revolution did create infrastructure in cities, to 19th century England it was more harmful than beneficial. To begin, the living conditions in cities were very poor. Subsequently, the conditions for workers during this time were considerably worse than the previous era. Lastly, the Industrial Revolution caused an increase in deaths in urban areas during the 19th...
Words: 1717 - Pages: 7
...During the industrial revolution, the textile industry was a vast market of economic prosperity and technological innovation. Friedel even quotes it as being “the most important trade in England” (Friedel, p. 213). But why was it this particular industry that thrived and flourished? Both the lecture and course readings seem to point at the fact that it catered to the already materialistic society. This essay will address points of interest from the lecture regarding the industrial revolution. It will also expand upon Friedel’s view of the textile industry as being a staple industry and the beginning of factory production. Finally, I will share my own view of the industrial revolution as well. The scene during the industrial revolution should have been one of sadness and turmoil. The rapid population growth that was happening at the time, coupled with the limited resources in England should have caused utter catastrophe. Instead, economic prosperity of unprecedented proportions resulted, making England the richest country per capita that the world had ever seen. This could in part be attributed to a change from an “organic economy” to a “mineral economy”. Instead of relying on the surface of the land, there was a shift towards using minerals to support the economy. This caused a great increase in industry and factory production. There was also a reliance on new resources (such as sugar, timber, furs, cotton, and coal), labour forces (growing population, Irish immigrants, women...
Words: 978 - Pages: 4
