...In the contemporary century where the world is metamorphosed to a global village, the concept of national culture and national literature is certainly belied. The World literature, today, simultaneously represents an important multicultural perspective within individual national literatures as well as more global perspective taking in the phenomena of transculturalism and diaspora confluence. Centripetal and centrifugal forces can be discerned as both antagonistic and complementary forces in cultural development. Raymond Williams develops a theory of relation between culture at large and cultural products like literature. Culture is manifested in human artifacts and activities such as music, literature, life-style, food, painting, sculpture, theatre and film. It can be said that arts and the world of science with their moral systems come to form culture. These are constantly in a spatio-temporal flux that renders an inexhaustible range of meanings and a catalogue of the elements. In this process of evolution a particular aspect dominates or fades off at some space-time coordinate. The pattern of human activity and the symbolic structures give such activities significance and importance. Rushdie, like other postcolonial writers not only reflects upon the political aspects of history but also deconstructs the interrelationships between history and individual to delve into the moral and psychological tensions of the native homeland. His novels are the fine example where ethics of...
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...than the love of food.” This is what George Bernard Shaw quoted in the film Man and Superman. Yes, it is indeed an undeniable truth that we Filipinos really do love to eat. Maybe this has been the idea behind the fast food chains that pop up like mushrooms and spread like viruses in the Philippines. Restaurants, carinderias, food stalls and fast food chains: it is not hard to look for them in wherever place in the Philippines. We all know that when we say “fast food”, two major chains instantly come up to our minds: Jollibee and McDonald’s, and we know that ever since, they have been rivals even they say that they both have the same mission and that is to serve and make their Filipino customers happy through the food they prepare. Though they serve almost the same types of food, how come Jollibee beats Mcdonald’s? What do you think that red, happy bee has that the clown in yellow with a big smile has not? Before finding out the real reason that lies behind that, in order to come up with a systematic answer, let us first try to answer this question: “Why do people go to fast food chains?” Just like what I have mentioned a while ago, Filipinos has an extreme passion for food. It has already been a part of our culture to be lovers of food. But, not all can prepare food… right? I mean we all know how to eat but not all of us know how to cook. So, we ask ourselves: “if I do not know how to cook, how could I eat cooked food?” Then the options that will appear...
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...Demon Freaks, by J.R.R.R. (jim) Hardison begins by introducing Bing and Ron Slaughter, fraternal twin brothes, with vastly different styles and personalities (so seriously, why bother making them twins at all). Bing, named after the crooner, Crosby, is the weak stomached , gauntish, thinker, with black hair, and penchant for British Punk Rock garb. Ron, who’s namesake is the happymeal pushing clown of fast-food fame, sports, the body mass, pigment, and get-it-done attitude his minutes older brother lacks. With long blonde hair, jeans, and a gaudy Hawaiian shirt, he affects more of a surfer-grunge look. These boys are in an angsty teen band along with a pair of their friends. Kaitlyn Krimpson is the long time classmate and unrequited crush of the brothers. She is smart but flakey; and, perpetually late, due to an obession with showering. Prathmesh Kimitri, aka Meat (complete with allusion to A.T.H.F.) is an East Indian lad, atypical of the common stereotype. He is the unkempt , doofy, class-clown, with no qualms about spoofing his wealthy, pseudo-celeberty father....
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...CASE STUDY: MCDONALD’S DENNY ARCHIBEK AND JERRY D. MARSH II WAYLAND BAPTIST UNIVERSITY DECEMBER 19, 2015 Author Note This paper was prepared for Advanced Microcomputer Applications MJTG 5302- SA01, taught by Dr. Nick A. Lockard. Abstract Since the McDonald’s restaurant was founded by the McDonald brothers and bought by Ray Kroc, it has become the quintessential pop icon of American culture and made fast food a staple of the American diet. Their history cannot be disputed as having paved the way with a business model their competitors have followed; because of this their future remains uncertain. Changes in culture, changes in menu items, changes in business practices and just overall change has adversely affected the fast food giant. The purpose of this paper is to discuss some of the ways McDonald’s has suffered a loss in profits, as well as some of the things McDonald’s is doing to revitalize itself and bring itself back to the forefront of not just American pop culture, but as a globally recognized icon of quality and excellence. It is no secret that McDonald’s has not been doing as well as its competitors within the fast food industry. Ask anyone why and varying answers might be given; the food does not taste the same, the service has drastically gone downhill, the prices are too high, it is more like a coffee shop now, and they stopped serving my favorite sandwich are some of the responses a person might get. Overall, the one constant is...
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...BANKSY STREET ART BY: HANI MUAMMAR SAE Introduction Art is a great way for individuals to express themselves, many artworks can be deemed as controversial especially when artists produce their art in order to express their views, feelings or specific ideas linked to their political, social or economical surroundings. Such art could have significant effects which may influence the people who appreciate its core meaning and could link it to the status quo in any named community. Certain techniques, styles and structures are implemented by many famous artists in order to construct this art into a form that typifies them as artists and gives them their unique signature. (heghine666 2011) One specific artist has been largely famous for his controversial and unique forms of art, he is known by the alias “Banksy” who uses graffiti street art as a structure for his unique form of art. Banksy is arguably the most well-known street artist in the world. Some pieces of his urban graffiti art, with its distinctive stencil style, have been sold at auctions for remarkable amounts of money, but most importantly, he has inspired many people around the world for having pieces which touches upon sensitive and core social, political and economic situations in life that many people can easily relate to. His name, style, and brand of urban anti-war, anti-establishment, and rebellious art have earned him a place in the hearts of many who appreciates it. The two primary reasons that Banksy's...
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...BATMAN AND PHILOSOPHY THE DARK KNIGHT OF THE SOUL Edited by Mark D. White and Robert Arp @ WILEY John Wiley & Sons, Inc. To the memory of Heath Ledger (1979-2008) Copyright © 2008 by john Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved Published by john Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New jerney Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a reaieval system, or transmit ted in any fonn or by any means. electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scan ning, or otherwise, except as pennitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written pennission of the Publisher, Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvern, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) sion should be addressed to the Pennissions Department,john Wiley & Sons,Inc., III or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright 646-8600, or on the web at www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for pennis River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008, or online at http://www.wiley.comlgo/pennissions. Limit ofLiabilirylDisclaimer ofWarranry:While the publisher and the author have used their best efforts in preparing this book., they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this hook and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty...
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...painting them. And if you say you are moved only by their color relationships then you miss the point. I’m not an abstractionist. I’m not interested in the relationship of color or form or anything else. I’m interested only in expressing basic human emotions: tragedy, ecstasy, doom, and so on. (Art Quotations) Fig. 1 Lopez, J. paco1 Fig. 1 Lopez, J. paco1 Interpretation of art is subjective and depends on the individual viewing it. One man’s trash is another man’s treasure, and one man’s deviant, anti-social, rebellious behavior, in getting a tattoo, is another man’s gaining a piece of traveling, semi-permanent art. Ancient tattooing often signified a rite of passage, coming-of-age or tribal affiliation, while tattoos in modern sub-cultures are more like badges and tattoos today have evolved from the anchors and pin-up girls sailors once sported to the reproductions of the masters and fine art works created by a new breed of masters, elevating tattoo to art. Tattooing is one of the most ancient forms of permanent body alteration. A carved figurine of a body was found in 1988, in a cave at Hahlestein-Stadel, Germany. It was carbon-dated to be approximately 32,000 years old. The carving had thin lines [apparently] tattooed across the upper arm. There was a well-publicized finding, in 1991, of a Bronze Age tattooed man, know as The Iceman “Oetzi”. He was frozen and well-preserved around...
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... Video: Education on Minstrel – goes into the Images topic • Developed in 1820. • T.D. Rice • Jim crow presents himself as an African (black face) by performing how the Africans perform. Performance within a performance. • Compromise of 4, etc. o Paid performances • Call and response Images: • Co-opted • Corruption of the history image • Massive available – were everywhere. • The images like the lips exaggerated, clothing, hair. • Looked more animalistic in the pictures • Children in images that they were alligator bait • Food that they ate – watermelon and chickens. Watermelons grow in Africa so they eat it a lot which people didn’t know that.. o Letter from home – is food that you recognize (watermelons) • Clown – dressing them as that in images and plays. • Sheet...
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...CASE STUDIES Burger King case study Targeting the Superfan as a means of retaining growth in the fast food market Reference Code: CSCM0246 Publication Date: April 2009 DATAMONITOR VIEW CATALYST After years of poor sales, Burger King has turned its business around and now enjoys healthy business growth. This case study looks at how the company did this by refocusing its marketing towards the Superfan, namely young adult males who have a penchant for fast food. SUMMARY • Diageo was accused of neglecting Burger King under its ownership, letting the brand fall off the radar at a time when fast food in general was reporting favorable growth. The fast food chain's fortunes began to change after it was sold to a private equity triumvirate, which set about investing in promoting the business to the devoted fast food eater. This focus was a success, leading Burger King to gain 'cool status' in many peoples' eyes and to achieve strong growth. • Burger King's focus since being sold has been in targeting the Superfan, that is the 18–35 year old male who enjoys fast food. Company marketing efforts have focused on appealing to this consumer type, using both traditional and new media as a means to gain their attention. • Burger King's marketing has often been controversial, with two 2008 efforts standing out. The Whopper Virgins documentary, in which members of remote communities were given burgers to try for the first time, was deemed offensive and patronizing, while a Facebook...
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...McDonald’s: Behind The Golden Arches “Since 1955, we’ve been proud to serve the world some of its favourite food. And along the way, we’ve managed not just to live history, but create it: from drive-thru restaurants to Chicken McNuggets to college credits from Hamburger U and much more. It’s been quite the journey, and we promise this is just the beginning-we’ve got our hearts set on making more history” (McDonald’s Corporation, 2011). Almost 60 years have passed since Raymond Kroc envisioned a nationwide fast food chain, which needless to say went on to revolutionise the American restaurant industry and become the world’s number #1 fast food restaurant. Today McDonald’s serves 52 million people a day from one of its 31,000 restaurants dotted around the world (Ritabrata Giiosii, R.G. 2009). The golden arches along with Ronald McDonald and the catch phrase “I’m lovin’ it” have assisted McDonald’s in becoming one of the most globally recognised brands, allowing them to become McDonald’s most valuable intangible assets, but how did they do it? Countless elements threaten McDonald’s reputation; health issues, legal and technological changes, social factors, environmentalists and obviously competitors especially those who offer similar services and products such as KFC. They too have become a national brand recognized all around the world however to understand how McDonalds have achieved such success we must first understand what they do differently and what objectives...
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...01-Ritzer5-45349.qxd 8/7/2007 1:07 PM Page 1 1 An Introduction to McDonaldization R ay Kroc (1902–1984), the genius behind the franchising of McDonald’s restaurants, was a man with big ideas and grand ambitions. But even Kroc could not have anticipated the astounding impact of his creation. McDonald’s is the basis of one of the most influential developments in contemporary society. Its reverberations extend far beyond its point of origin in the United States and in the fast-food business. It has influenced a wide range of undertakings, indeed the way of life, of a significant portion of the world. And having rebounded from some well-publicized economic difficulties, that impact is likely to expand at an accelerating rate in the early 21st century.1* However, this is not a book about McDonald’s, or even about the fastfood business,2 although both will be discussed frequently throughout these pages. I devote all this attention to McDonald’s (as well as to the industry of which it is a part and that it played such a key role in spawning) because it serves here as the major example of, and the paradigm for, a wide-ranging process I call McDonaldization3—that is, the process by which the principles of the fast-food restaurant are coming to dominate more and more sectors of American society as well as of the rest of the world.4 * Notes may be found at the back of the book, beginning on page 233. 1 01-Ritzer5-45349.qxd 8/7/2007 1:07 PM ...
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...ALTERNATE ENDINGS “THE UNSEEN” by Aneesah Sher THE UNSEEN http://storystar.com/php/read_story.php?story_id=6350 I get called different. Weird. Unique. I think differently from other teenagers. I’m an ordinary teen with an extra twist. I have a gift, yet to be revealed. A gift that no-one else can understand. Not a single soul knows about my gift. People might see it as a curse. A curse from God. Maybe a test, a test of courage, strength and determination. But now that’s for you to decide. I, Jason Hood, can see the unseen. Yes, I can see ‘dead people’ as others put it. They may be dead, but I prefer the term ‘ghosts’ or ‘spirits’. I believe that souls remain on human earth after death because they have unfinished business. Hunting for their murderer or needing to desperately pass on a message. And that is why I was born. To be the messenger or person who helps to search for the murderer of such spirit. And quite frankly, I love it. When I was just a child I used to see people around me with bullets through them, heads chopped off cradled in one arm, burnt kids, rope slung around their neck, and once…a man. A tall man, with a mask plastered to half his face. He was tortured; his face cut off and once he escaped his torturers, he hid his face beneath a mask to hide all past. Scary it was. I can be walking down a corridor at school and walk round a corner and see a spirit standing there, watching me. As if I know something they want to hear. Anyways, about me, I’ve...
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...Einführung: Im folgenden werde ich mich mit dem Musikgenre Jazz in der UDSSR befassen. Nach dem Versuch einer kurzen und nicht den Anspruch an Vollständigkeit nachkommenden Begriffsklärung, interessieren mich die Wurzeln des freiheitsliebenden Jazzes in einem Land, das unter der totalitären Umständen regiert wurde. Wie kam diese Musikart in die Sowjetunion? Wie wurde sie zu einem Erfolg? Wie erging es den Künstlern, den Komponisten des neuen genres. Am Beispiel des wohl bekanntesten dieser Generation Alexandre Tfasman und seinem musikalischen Lebenswerk, möchte ich diesen Fragestellungen näher kommen. Natürlich ist seine Person und sein Schaffen nicht unabhängig von seiner Herkunft und den kulturellen und politischen Einflüssen zu sehen. Daher werde ich nach einer Einführungen in die Anfänge der Musikrichtung Jazz, versuchen, die Usprünge des Jazz in der damaligen UDSSR zu beschreiben. Dabei kann eine historische Auseinandersetzung mit der Zeit 1920 bis 1945 nicht fehlen. In weiteren Ausführungen wird Tfasmans bezeichnender Einfluss auf das damalige Musikgeschehen deutlich. Der Jazzbegriff – was ist eigentlich Jazz? Jazz entstand im frühen 20ten Jahrhundert in den United States of America aus der Begegnung der afroamerikanischen Volksmusik (Blues, Worksong, Negro Spiritual) und der europäisch-amerikanischen Marsch-, Tanz- und Populärmusik. „Rhytmik, Phrasierungsweise und Tonbildung sowie Elemente der Blues-Harmonik entstammen der afrikanischen Musik und dem Musikgefühl...
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...The year is 1959, a pivotal moment in American cultural history, when rock and roll was giving birth to the Sexual Revolution and everything in America culture was about to be turned upside down. Record companies were releasing more than a hundred singles every week and the country was about to explode. Grease, generally considered a trivial little musical about The Fabulous Fifties, is really the story of America’s tumultuous crossing over from the 50s to the 60s, throwing over repression and tradition for freedom and adventure (and a generous helping of cultural chaos), a time when the styles and culture of the disengaged and disenfranchised became overpowering symbols of teenage power and autonomy. Originally a rowdy, dangerous, over-sexed, and insightful piece of alternative theatre, Grease was inspired by the rule-busting success of Hair and shows like it, rejecting the trappings of other Broadway musicals for a more authentic, more visceral, more radical theatre experience that revealed great cultural truths about America. An experience largely forgotten by most productions of the show today. Like Hair before it and The Rocky Horror Show which would come a year later, Grease is a show about repression versus freedom in American sexuality, about the clumsy, tentative, but clearly emerging sexual freedom of the late 1950s, seen through the lens of the middle of the Sexual Revolution in the 1970s. It’s about the near carnal passion 1950s teenagers felt for their rock...
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...The McDonald's restaurant concept was introduced in San Bernardino, California by Dick and Mac McDonald of Manchester, New Hampshire. It was modified and expanded by their business partner, Ray Kroc, of Oak Park, Illinois, who later bought out the business interests of the McDonald brothers and formed McDonald's Corporation. Early history In 1937, Patrick McDonald opened "The Airdrome", a food stand, on Huntington Drive (Route 66) near the Monrovia Airport in Monrovia, California.[4] Hamburgers were ten cents, and all-you-can-drink[citation needed] orange juice was five cents. In 1940, his two sons, Maurice and Richard ("Mac" and "Dick"), moved the entire building 40 miles (64 km) east, to West 14th and 1398 North E Streets in San Bernardino, California. The restaurant was renamed "McDonald's Bar-B-Q" and served twenty five barbecued items on their menu. In October 1948, after the McDonald brothers realized that most of their profits came from selling hamburgers, they closed down their successful carhop drive-in to establish a streamlined system with a simple menu of just hamburgers, cheeseburgers, french fries, shakes, soft drinks, and apple pie. The carhops were eliminated to make McDonald's a self-serve operation. Mac and Dick McDonald had taken great care in setting up their kitchen like an assembly line to ensure maximum efficiency. The restaurant's name was again changed, this time to simply "McDonald's" and reopened its doors on December 12, 1948. In 1953, the McDonald...
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