...Colonialism and North America Grant Gilder Colonialism and North America In the beginning there were various settlers who colonized the area that would become known as United States of America. First there was the Asian nomads, who would become known as the American Indians. Europeans would be the next to colonize America, but this would be a few thousand years later, First there was the Spanish, followed by the French, and last but not least the British.(Muntone, 2011, p. 3) It was 1607 that the British founded the original colony in Jamestown, Virginia . It was the British intention from the beginning to colonize the Americas for the expansion of the British Empire. This new settlement in Jamestown would allow for the people of Jamestown to send back natural resources to England for the benefit of the mother country. These new colonies that began across North America were all British subjects or under control of the British. The Definition of Colonialism basically means when a country rules over a territory outside their own with citizens of the original Country. Another example would be when you create an empire by expanding into a region by dominance, both examples refer directly to the British in and how they treated the Native Americans.("Difference Between," 2011, p. 1) As the new settlers came to the new world there wasn’t much thought given to the Natives that currently lived there. Native Americans A good example of English relationships with the Native Americans...
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...A. The Rise of Colonialism The rise of colonialism in North America began in the early sixteenth century when cartography reawakened after years of stagnation allowing for the exploration of New World. (Goucher, LeGuin, and Walton, 1998). Opening up an exciting new adventure for Europeans who were seeking economic gain and religious freedom from Europe. The first colonists sailed to the Atlantic seaboard in 1584, giving them the opportunity to explore the New World and establish their own colonies (Annenberg Learner,2013b). The consequence from this first undertaking of colonization dissipated without a trace in1590 and was dubbed, The Lost Colony of Roanoke (Annenberg Learner, 2013b). Seventeen years later, in 1607, Captain Christopher Newport would sail the Atlantic ocean landing on the shores of Chesapeake Bay and establishing Jamestown on May 13,1607 (Annenberg Learner, 2103b). Jamestown became the first permanent English settlement in North America and the inauguration of colonization in North America ( Annenberg Learner, 2013b). Although the colony of Jamestown began to decline, new colonist still arrived yearly, nearly 80 percent of them died over the next three years, a result of starvation and attacks from the Indians (Annenberg Learner, 2103b). Captain Newport left Jamestown and Captain John Smith, a dictator, was placed in charge of the colony. In order for the colony of Jamestown to prosper, Captain Smith gave the settlers an ultimatum, to work or starve...
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...In 1622, the practicality of English colonialism suffered a devastating blow as fear surged throughout the English population after a devastating attack on the Jamestown colony by the Powhatan Indians. After the Powhatan tribe desecrated the prized English society, Europeans began to question whether or not colonization was sensible, or even a possibility. In The General History of Virginia, New England, and the Summer Isles, Smith attempts to demonstrate the viability of English colonialism through fabricated recalling of his own adventurous and prevailing experiences with the Powhatan people in light of this recent violence and humiliation. Smith uses his writings to rationalize colonialism, as well as secure his own future political position....
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...Western Governors University Prompt A Colonialism is the settlement of foreign land through sending their countries citizens to establish a new colony for that country without the use of military involvement. British settlement of North America is a perfect example of colonialism. The Lost Colony of Roanoke was England’sfirst attempt of colonialism in 1590, but it failed because of the indigenous people.In 1607 a British company sent another colony to North America and established the first successful British colony named Jamestown. English colonization was a very interesting idea that the empire had set up to encourage settling the New World. The charter system in North America allowed companies and individuals to organize their own colonies as long as the crown received a portion of the profits. Jamestown was started by the London Company from England, a joint stock enterprise created to find gold and other riches in The America’s. The settlement was almost doomed from the beginning, because the London Company hadn’t picked skilled pioneering type men. In the first 9 months only 38 men were left alive out of 104. They starved to death even with the surrounding forest and rivers full of game. The London Company reluctantly placed John Smith in charge, and through his dictatorship commanded the settlers to work, or starve. He divided the settlers into labor gangs to build Jamestown. The Powhatan Indians were the indigenous people in the Virginia territory...
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...rest, but she succeeds in a rescue of her own; namely that of the Indian girl from the hands of the other character Pocahontas. This story aims to recall the humanity that the myth of the Pocahontas stole from the real Indian girl. Camilla argues that the Algonquian girl was overthrown into the mythical Pocahontas to assist the needs of the settlers and supporters of Jamestown journey as well as interested spectators within the government and general community of England. Since that time, the love poets, advocates of American exceptionalism, and Hollywood tycoons have continued to twist the reality that the real Pocahontas is no longer in existence. According to Camilla, she “was as brave as all her people – but a real and complicated woman with her own plans, goals and ideas. After the affirmation of this fact, Camilla enlightens the truth concealed over the course of four centuries. The early chapters pay attention to the social, political and cultural ways of both the Englishmen and the Virginia Algonquians before the day of colonization. The author also analyzes the months following the foundation of Jamestown and the hostility that followed as well as the kidnapping of Pocahontas,...
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...In the fifteenth century, European nations embarked on discovering the world primarily for the purpose of trading goods. Along the way these explorers established colonies on every continent of the world. The Dictionary of Human Geography defines colonialism as a state centralized system of power, often distinguished by economic exploitation and with astounding disregard for the colonies (D. Gregory, R. Johnston, G. Pratt, M. Watts & S. Whatmore 2009). Great Britain was no stranger to colonialism, and since the first settlers arrived at Jamestown, the British Empire expanded its control over the first thirteen colonies for nearly 170 years. An intricate part of colonialism was the economic doctrine of Mercantilism. In Companion to British History, Mercantilism is explained as a basic economic theory to increase the country’s wealth by amassing gold. He listed amongst other aspects of the theory the following trade policies: trade restraints by prohibition, taxation on imported goods which could be produced in the colony, prohibition of imports from countries with unfavorable trade balance, goods exported to colony had to pass through home country ports first, establishment of trade treaties, and the regulation of colonial trades so that the colony’s raw materials were exported to the imperial power in exchange for the import of that power’s manufactured goods (2008 Charles Arnold-Baker). At the end of the French and Indian wars in 1763 and in order to fund the British...
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...resources to make a follow-up on these explorations. As a result, European states continued to make commerce across the Mediterranean Sea with North Africa for many years that followed. Research has shown that the methods and motivations of exploration were unique from one state to the other. As Europeans continued their explorations, we will examine the similarities and differences on how the Spanish (1492-1548) and English (1584-1648) conducted their exploration and expansion. Comparison Between the British and Spanish in North America The first Spanish to arrive in America was Hernan Cortes in 1519. He did the groundwork for the creation of the Spanish colony. In 1607, Christopher Newport set foot in what would later become Jamestown, laying the foundation of the British Empire in North America. Explorers, such as Christopher Columbus, wanted to go to Asia before they ended up in North America. The Spanish saw the Americas as a good source of resources. There are several ways in which both the English and Spanish explorers had similar motives and effects. Negative Perception of the Native Indians On arrival in North America, most Europeans would say that...
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...The establishment and governance in North America determined how the relationships would be with the Native Americans. The Spanish, English, French and Dutch are motivated by the three D’s, Gold, Glory and God. These three motives reinforce each other and cause problems with the natives. The English colonies wanted land in North America. Their goal was to find Gold but did not find any. They were known as the settler colonialism. The English colonies ruled over by governors sent from England. In Jamestown they lacked food and labor. Tried to fix problem by indentured servitude, provide free passage to new world in exchange for years of work. . Some came for the wealth. Others came to escape religious persecution or religious freedom. Also importing of slaves from Africa. Eventually they survived by growing and selling tobacco. The relationship between the English and Native Americans was good, but because the new settlers wanted land it led to the down fall of their good relationship. Didn’t want to convert them but some did convert....
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...GKE1 Task 3 A, A1, B, B1, Aubert Lisa Aubert Western Governors University GKE1 Task 3 A, A1, B, B1, Aubert Part A, A1 What is colonialism and how did it affect North America? How did the natives respond? Colonialism is the characteristics of a specific colony of people that have established a new territory yet still is under the authority of the parent country that sent them. In 1607, the king of England sent an assembly of employed men to North America with a dedicated purpose to establish new business for increased wealth, first colonized in Jamestown, Virginia. They were greeted by the Indian natives and a peaceful relationship was formed. They established a union of trust and traded goods such as corn, tobacco, metal tools to name a few. As time went on, the Indian natives were apprehensive and suspicious regarding the colonist’s agenda and soon stopped trading. As a result, the colonists began to die for lack of food. The colonists retaliated by force, initiating raids, stealing food, and then burning the native’s homes. English monarchy sent a fleet for reinforcement which led to the massacre of the Indians thus allowing them to take governmental control over the colonized land and bring the English domain to the New World. The Indian Massacre of 1622 is one example of war. This was a war in which both sides tried to annihilate each other. It had begun when the Indians realized that the settlers were mainly concerned with taking all their land away from them...
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...Position of English as a Global Language: Political and Cultural Factors English has achieved a global significance that no other language has ever been able to do so, in such a scale. A language earns its global status when it culturally and politically dominant across the continents. Also, it is notable that the most salient feature of a global language is not how many people use it, rather how strongly the people who speak this language is socially and politically established. In fact, perhaps the most significant force that makes a language global is political power of its speakers. The spread of English beyond Europe and the British Isles is accredited to four centuries of colonialism and British imperialism, which led to English being spoken by over three hundred million people. (Crystal 14) The first significant stride in the advancement of English towards its pre-eminence as a world language occurred during the early trade in the Atlantic. Crystal also articulates that by the year 1600, England had gained trading contacts across three continents, which retrospectively provided a powerful platform on which the English language was to flourish and become the globally dominant medium of communication that it is at present (39). Trading companies such as the Newfoundland fur trade, the ivory and gold trade on the western coast of Africa and the East India Company brought speakers of English into economic contact throughout the world. English and the English-based pidgins...
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...GKE1 Task 3, Historical Systems of Power and Authority Part A The rise of colonialism in North America occurred in the 1600’s by the British. Britain had sent to North America, colonists which were to establish new settlements in the name of the crown and Britain. Most of the colonists were privately funded with endorsement by the British government. The Idea of colonization was to establish settlements for the purpose of expanding a trade base for economic purposes. Britain colonized North America basically because they had a limited amount of land and natural resources, North America presented a great opportunity to expand their land holdings and create a source for raw materials. Britain still considered the colonists to be British citizens and therefore were expected to abide by rules and laws established by Britain for the colonists. Britain exerted tight control of the colonists through laws and acts that were specifically designed for the benefit of Britain. The needs of Britain were always put first before the needs of the colonists. Acts and taxes were put in place as a means to control trade and make sure that monetary items were received by Britain. The economic cycle was one of Britain obtained raw materials cheaply from the colonies, the goods were finished in England and sold back to the colonists for large profits. The colonies in North America were strictly established for the economic benefit of Britain. Also there was great prestige in this era that came from...
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...Privilege, power, and status are the reigning forces of structuralism and constructivism. The majority group that interprets the behaviors, perceptions, and intersectionality of a minority group through the framing lens of social stratification has achieved dominance. With that dominance comes power and privilege. Minority groups since the beginning of colonialism in the U.S. have been trying to be apart (seen as equal) or separate themselves (pluralism) from the dominant group. However, there comes a time when once must conform to survive, regardless of the obstacles they may encounter. The conception that African Americans, Native Americans, Hispanic Americans, and Asian Americans, all minority groups, are created equal in the land of opportunity...
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...outwardly to Christianity but in their hearts stayed true to Judaism 1. These people were called crypto jews 2. Portuguese crypto jews are the ancestors of the first jews to settle in north America II. Some matters of Secular History d. Colombus 1492 in North America gave a “big boost” to European colonialism, an attempy to bring areas outside of Europe under the dominance of European countries e. Spain, Portugal became important colonial powers by 1550- “the only game in town” f. In the 1494 treaty of Torsedillas they divided the entire world outside of Europe among themselves g. North and South America fell to Spain, except for the Eastern part (today Brazil) that fell to Portugal. iv. 1530’s Portuguese settlers arrived there, extablishing Olinda h. in 1548, Portuguese settlers founded Reafe, today the capital of the Brazilian province Pernambuco i. over the years, Portuguese crypto jews, hoping for religious freedom, settled in pernambuco j. England, Holland, and france, became involved in colonial activities in the late 16th and 17th centuries v. Jamestown VA: founded by the London Company in 1607 as the 1st permanent and successful English colony in north America vi. Quebec: founded in 1608 by Samuel de champlain as a French colony vii. New netherland k. In 1609, Henry Hudson sailed up the river bearing his name (Hudson river). He was working for the dutch...
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...Di Wu 2010–06–04 Chapter 6 native Americans In this chapter, we learn about history and development of Native American. This chapter consist of three parts , history of native; how federal polices effect on native American ; what situation the native American in today. After reading this chapter, I think racism is a very painful problem in the United States. of the first acts of racism in American was against the Native Americans. At first, the Native Americans were the Europeans’ friends. The Native Americans showed the Europeans how to farm, hunt and live off the land in this new America. As time went by and the Europeans became comfortable, they no longer need the Native American people. The Native American people were in the way, they had land that the growing population of the Europeans wanted and needed. This was the start of many treaties that the American Government would make the Native people, and the start for racism against them. Out of all the treaties that the American Government made with the Native People, they kept all of them, but the United States only kept half of the treaties. For federal policies, American government gives an immense amount of respect to such diverse cultures and groups, but where is the respect for the Indians. When the United States first became an independent nation, it adopted the European policies towards these native peoples, but over the course of two centuries the U.S. adapted its own widely varying policies regarding the changing...
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...Spring Break Work Ch. 13 Section 1 1) Sui Wendi: First emperor of the Sui dynasty centralized government, restored order, created a new legal code, reformed Bureaucracy Tang Taizong: The founder of the Tang Dynasty, he expanded China to include all that the Han had had and more. Wu Zhao: The only woman to ever declare herself empress, she was a member of the Tang Dynasty. Grand Canal: The 1,100-mile waterway linking the Yellow and the Yangzi Rivers. It was begun in the Han period and completed during the Sui Empire. Zhao Kuangyin: Founder of Song dynasty; originally a general following fall of Tang; took title of Taizu; failed to overcome northern Liao dynasty that remained independent. Li Bo: Most famous poet of the Tang era; blended images of the mundane world with philosophical musings. 2) tributary state: A country that pays tribute in money or goods to a more powerful nation Pagoda: Buddhist temples with many-storied towers; this was adapted from the Chinese 3) The dynasties returned the Middle Kingdom back to its old glory. a) Under the Tang and Song dynasties the emperor ruled over a splendid court filled with aristocratic families. The two main classes of society were the gentry, wealthy landowners, which valued scholarship more than physical labor, and the peasantry, who worked the land and lived off of what they produced. Then the merchants had a lower status in society. Merchants had such a low status in society because according to Confucianism their...
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