...IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) Volume 19, Issue 1, Ver. X (Feb. 2014), PP 01-08 e-ISSN: 2279-0837, p-ISSN: 2279-0845. www.iosrjournals.org Home Video Films and Grassroots’ Relevance in Nigerian Political Process 1 1,2 Alawode, Sunday Olayinka (Ph.D), 2Sunday, Uduakobong AdebolaAdegunwaSchool of Communication, Lagos State University, 21 Olufemi Street, Off Nathan St, Surulere - Lagos Abstract: The Nigerian home video films have been used to address a myriad of existing and emergent problems because of its distinctiveness and popularity;as a popular art in Nigeria, this study was undertaken to investigate the consideration of the grassroots in the Nigerian political process from the eye of the home videos. The theoretical framework employed was agenda setting with content analysis as the method of research. The results reveal that the grassroots are not given credence as a key factor in the films except as means to justify the ends of the political class and players in the political process. The roles of the grassroots in the political arena are mostly depicted significantly as thugs, assassins, villains, prostitutes and others who are involved in different kinds of undesirable practices and vicious acts. Such portrayals could be contributory to politics often being described as ‘a dirty game’ with the grassroots increasingly having apathy to political processes and creating the divide of ‘them’ and ‘us’; where ‘them’is the political class and ‘us’...
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...hidden or concealed, many fail to see the steps or processes that are involved in policy making. In turn, not being able to fully observe the governmental system would discourage citizens from believing that they are able to have any significant impact as an individual. The idea of not being able to witness or influence an issue in politics will consequently lead to the entire issue being tossed out as something pertinent to an individual, and he or she will not process the idea any further. Even if a person was interested in policy and sought out political truths, Lippmann believed that most citizens were incompetent and that it would be more logical to leave the important decisions not up to an average citizen, but instead an elected official or expert. John Dewey was a Philosopher, Psychologist, and subsequently a teacher. He believed that the lack of success or progress of the public opinion was not due to the incompetence of the citizens, but instead the lack of resources that were provided to the public. John Dewey, being the positive and hopeful person that he was, believed in the possibly of reform, through better education. He felt that the people were too often betrayed by the leaders of the system, and could no longer sit back and count on only a select few to determine the direction the country would take. Even though he advocated higher education, Dewey suggested that it was neither the...
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...FILM 3759G Dr. Christopher J Mitchell Chengdong Hu Analysis of Cultural Denotation and Humanity in Ang Lee’s Films Ang Lee’s film works, not only in the business, but in artistic level won the world audience recognition. He grew up in a traditional Chinese family and study in the United States. The differences between eastern and western culture took a sharp collision in his heart, and it revealed without hiding in his movie and finally become his own unique aesthetic features. This article try to read Lee’s creative thought and artistic style through analysis and research of Lee’s special culture background master’s creative ideas, and learn more about the human temperament of the director which is full glory of human nature. First, this article will introduce about Ang Lee’s growing environment and studying experiences, in order to analysis the formation of his Chinese and Western characteristics. Secondly, through multiple films, the article would analysis of the impact of the East-West cultural collision and merger. Furthermore, a comprehensive interpretation of Ang’s unique film elements and the traits would be expounded. Abstract Ang Lee, Taiwan filmmaker, however, doesn’t have the same characteristics with other Taiwan film makers. He is like a movie ranger, with no specific cultural identity, however, simultaneously, it could be find a certain kind of familiar cultural identity on him, especially in his...
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...Mass Media Revision Notes The mass media are forms of communication which reach large audiences. They can be split into two groups: Traditional media * TV * Radio * Cinema * Music * Newspapers * Books New media * Internet * Dvd * Digital television * E mail In society today it is very difficult to avoid the mass media. There is a division between the press (newspapers) and broadcasting (TV and radio) The press in the UK Newspapers and magazine which are privately owned and are commercially run for profit They are financed through advertising and sales which means they are in competition with each other Some newspapers reach a national market such as the Guardian and others a local market such as the Yorkshire Evening Post Newspapers can be divided to broad sheets which is considered to be the quality press and the tabloids such as the Sun and the Mirror Broadcasting in Britain This refers to the TV and the radio. In the UK we have public television which is the BBC – this is funded by the TV licence fee. We also have commercial television which aims to make money through advertising. In recent years there has been a move towards the sponsorship of programmes – Cadbury’s and Coronation Street – and now companies can pay to see their products feature in TV programmes, this is called product placement. Technological developments In 1980 there were only three channels – BBC1, BBC2 and ITV – we now have additional terrestrial channels...
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...outlets whose primary mission is Public Service. In broadcasting, public service includes the social welfare of people, spreading information, speaking to and engaging as a citizen. Public Broadcasting is wide ranging in its appeal, reliable, entertaining, instructive and informative, who serves only one master – Public. It strives to engage all communities through evocative broadcast programmes and outreach projects. It channelizes the information and ideas to help improve communities socially, culturally and economically. Through public service broadcasting, citizens are informed, educated and also entertained. Public service broadcasting can serve as a keystone of democracy when it is guaranteed with pluralism, programming diversity, editorial independence, appropriate funding, accountability and transparency. What are the Public broadcasting institutions in India? The Major institution for public broadcasting in India is Prasar Bharati. Prasar Bharati through All India Radio (AIR) and Doordarshan (DD) networks provide maximum coverage of the population and are one of the largest terrestrial networks in the world. Prasar Bharati provide most efficient media content of the highest quality that will empower and enlighten the citizens of India and its audiences outside the country through original and relevant programmes which inform, educate and entertain people. Public Broadcasting or Publicservicebroadcastinghastheresponsibilitytoprovideservicestoa public comprised of...
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...The media is faced with extreme controversy because media outlets are bias. The media is a form of propaganda making their bias tendencies a serious problem. Fox news was the most popular news coverage during the 2003 invasion on Iraq. They influenced other media outlets to cover war in the same way. CNN and MSNBC do not cover war the same way as Fox. The media has a tendency to leave out important information while covering war. They usually only show the pro-war side and not the anti-war side. As we all know, the media is a huge part of our every day lives. Whether we notice it or not, television and the Internet is our main source to obtain information. It is commonly used and widespread because it is used in many countries. Today, most people have phones that can access the Internet making a source of media right at your fingertips. We want to believe everything the media says because they are delivering important information about our country, but unfortunately it is not always accurate. Some believe media coverage is mainly influenced by national contexts. Coverage is expected to vary from news station to news station (Gerhards and Schafer 2013). A news station has different journalist, which separates every station from each other. Each station may believe in different historical and cultural characteristics. Other differences are socio-demographic characteristics, attitudes, self-perceptions and motivations of journalists (Gerhards and Schafer 2013). Each station has a...
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...not need to be shaped into traditional cake-shaped loaves as other soaps were. The result was a gentler soap that dissolved more readily and was advertised as suitable for home laundry use.[1] Lux is currently a product of Unilever. The name "Lux" was chosen as the Latin word for "light" and because it was suggestive of "luxury."[1] Lux toilet soap was introduced as a bathroom soap in the US in 1925, and in the UK in 1928 as a brand extension of Lux soap flakes. Subsequently Lux soap has been marketed in several forms, including handwash, shower gel and cream bath soap. Lux soap was launched in India in 1929. The very first advertisement in 1929 featured Leela Chitnis as its brand ambassador. It was branded in India as "the beauty soap of film stars'. As of June 2009 Lux is sold in over 100 countries Celebrity endorsements Hollywood Since the 1930s, many well-known Hollywood actresses have marketed the soap to women as a beauty enhancer. Advertisements have featured Dorothy Lamour[2], Joan Crawford[3], Laurette Luez, Judy Garland, Cheryl Ladd, Jennifer Lopez, Elizabeth Taylor, Demi Moore, Sarah Jessica Parker, Catherine Zeta-Jones, Rachel Weisz, Anne Hathaway, and Marilyn Monroe, among others. The first male to star in a Lux advertisement was Hollywood actor Paul Newman.[citation needed] Bollywood Today,...
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...Throughout time, and currently to the present, globalism has undergone a dramatic shift and has had an impact on individuals from around the world. Beginning in 1962, “the Canadian communications theorist, Marshall McLuhan, predicted the electronic transformation of the planet earth into a “global village” (Fiero 154). This means “every important new development—technological, ecological, political, economic, and intellectual—would affect every villager to some degree” (Fiero 154). The term “global village” was considered to be the moment that communication between completely different continents becomes almost instantaneous. This communication capability would, in turn, lay the framework for the rise of a unified global society. Globalism...
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...Business Communication Name: Course: Tutor: Institution: Date of Submission: Letter of transmittal May 28, 2015 Ned Stark, Manager International Corporation Practice Group ABCD Corporation Dear Mr. Ned Stark: As agreed, Enclosed is the report you commissioned on March 12, 2015 on the intercultural communication. The report analyses the fundamentals of cross-cultural communication with regards to the Italian culture. The report outlines the most imperative aspects of safe communication within a cross-cultural environment involving Italians where the employees intend to settle. The report further elaborates the challenges of intercultural communication, particularly about the Italian communication demands. Then, the report outlines the benefits of the findings that are helpful to the employees of XYZ in communicating with the Italians as well as people from other cultures. We thank you for the granting us the opportunity to compile this report since it has given us a chance to familiarize with practical issues oscillating around cross-cultural communication. I hope that you will find it satisfactory. Yours Sincerely, Business Communication Students XYZ. Table of Contents Executive summary 4 Introduction 5 Discussion 6 Summary and Conclusions 7 Recommendation 8 Executive summary The report first provides a brief introduction of what intercultural communication comprises. It lays a profound background...
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...the Law ? The law is a system of rules organising the rights, obligations and responsibilities in, or members of, a sovereign state. A cultural institution – an invention of the people. Youtube – introduction to Australian law. (shenanigans videos) Functionally, the law is a system of rules recognised and applied by the courts. The state must enforce the orders of the courts; the law exists, ultimately, only because the state will enforce it. CRIMINAL LAW. - Criminal Charges are laid by Police or the DPP CIVIL LAW - All other areas of the law that covers disputes between citizens. e.g. intellectual property, family law. THE NATURE OF LAW Theoretically why does the law exist ? To protect basic human rights: Note: Australia has no bill of rights unlike the US the UK and others. To aid in the resolution of conflicts. To promote fairness, order and stability in society. To promote desirable social and ecconomice behaviour (capitalist democracy) * concepts such as morality and justice influence the law but do not determin it. To represent the “will of the people” (through voting in referendums). ENTERTAINMENT (AND MEDIA) LAW AND LAWYERS. Record or publishing agreements related to music and other assignable licensable works under the copyright act 1968. Film production agents. Trade mark patent, or design applications mad to IP Australia Negotiations between artists and their employers (publishers, advertisers, touring companies). INTITUTIONS...
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...Marketing mix The Marketing mix is generally accepted as the use and specification of the "four P's" describing the strategic position of a product in the marketplace. One version of the marketing mix originated in 1948 when James Culliton said that a marketing decision should be a result of something similar to a recipe. This version was used in 1953 when Neil Borden, in his American Marketing Association presidential address, took the recipe idea one step further and coined the term "Marketing-Mix". A prominent marketer, E. Jerome McCarthy, proposed a 4 P classification in 1960, which has seen wide use. The four Ps concept is explained in most marketing textbooks and classes. Definition A"Marketing Mix" is the set of controllable, tactical marketing tools that work together to achieve company's objectives, they are: product, price, promotion and place: o Product - A tangible object or an intangible service that is mass produced or manufactured on a large scale with a specific volume of units. Intangible products are often service based like the tourism industry & the hotel industry. Typical examples of a mass produced tangible object are the motor car and the disposable razor. A less obvious but ubiquitous mass produced service is a computer operating system. o Price – The price is the amount a customer pays for the product. It is determined by a number of factors including market share, competition, material costs, product identity and the customer's...
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...Crowdfunding through Research and Best Practices The power of the crowd The power of new Crowdsourcing assets and the use of social networking and related Web 2.0 technologies are helping film-makers, musicians, politicians and charities finance new projects. Football clubs like Ebbsfleet United have funded operations through fans subscriptions; Obama has used the internet to reach a new and much broader funding audience, while redesigning the campaign financing business; and sites like buyacredit.com allow people to buy a credit or become an executive producer based on their level of patronage. Now may be the time for other growing companies.In practice, this is a very immature method of raising capital. Substantial legal obstacles, a lack of best practices and formal governance techniques need to be addressed for Crowdfunding to become feasible to a broader audience. About Crowdfunding Central Crowdfundingcentral.com produces member driven research to highlight the opportunities, concerns and best practices to businesses, investors and entrepreneurs of Crowdfunding. For more information go to Crowdfundingcentral.com What is Crowdfunding? Wikipedia defines Crowdfunding as: “An approach to raising the capital required for a new project or enterprise by appealing to large numbers of ordinary people for small donations”. Crowdfunding in theory delivers significant opportunities for small growing companies looking for capital to finance growth. If an organization can motivate a...
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...identification with the anti-Communist cause through presenting Communism as an affront to the American dream, the Catholic church, and the patriarchal order. This conservative bent exemplifies how the dominant values represent a return to the conservative values of the past. By advocating conservative values, pop culture retreated from the more anarchistic dominant genres of the 1940s, the film noir and the family melodrama: two genres that explored the breakdown of the patriarchal order. In lieu of the noir and melodrama, pop culture, especially television, “offered a bland menu of quiz shows and westerns during the late 1950s, [in which] McCarthy-era anxieties clearly played a role” (84). Not only was the Communist threat presented as a threat to the American dream, but the way in which it was presented represents the antithesis of the stability of the American dream: Communists are framed as dangerous because they are passable as ordinary people and moreover, because they control the systems of technology: science, mass transportation, and mass media. Thus, in order to overthrow the Communist threat, films such as Red Planet Mars (1952) and television shows such as “I Led 3 Lives” filter the American anti-Communist effort through the defeat of Communist-controlled technology and the restoration of the conservative American Dream. Both Red Planet Mars and “I Led 3 Lives” portray the Communist threat as threatening the status quo of the American dream, stable domesticity, and the patriarchal...
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...created, and presented Fascism with a model of centralized power and authority that solely revolved around the mythical and spectacular authority of one man, Il Duce. The emergence of the “Cult of the Duce” was to create an idealized, heroic, and at times god-like public image of the Italian dictator. The focus of this operation was to prove Mussolini as the sole Fascist savior of Italy and to gain the support and loyalty of the Italian people. Declining post war conditions helped develop a need for the “Cult of the Duce”; “The parliamentary paralysis, social disorder, and economic difficulties of the first years after the Great War greatly enhanced the popular appeal of a youthful and energetic politician like Mussolini who projected the image of a “strong man” capable of rescuing the nation, restoring stability, and leading the Italian people into a glorious new era”(Cardoza, 75). The Fascist “Cult of the Deuce” demanded that Mussolini embodied both the physical presence and the virtues of the New Italian by becoming a poster boy for his people. “His propagandists ceaselessly touted his qualities of strength, discipline, courage, virility, and stamina, pointing to...
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...TABLE OF CONTENT Executive Summary…………………………………….. 3 Introduction……………………………………………… 4 Mechanical Problems……………………………………. 4 Administrative or Management Problems………………. 5 Weather conditions and delays…………………………... 5 Communication Problem ……………………………….. 6 Organizational Pressure…………………………………. 6 Using of reusable part…………………………………… 7 Recommendations………………………………………. 8 Conclusion………………………………………………. 9 Bibliography…………………………………………….. 10 Executive Summary This Report attempts to unfold the management flaws and terrible decision making that marked the morning of the 28th of January 1986 as a terribly tragic disaster. What it sadder is that this disaster was mainly due to inhumane practices conducted by the NASA and the management bodies of companies associated with this project than natural reasons. The whistleblowing led to the loss of billions of dollars and more importantly loss of 7 innocent lives. The space shuttle was propelled by the two attached Solid Rocket Boosters (SRBs) and an external fuel tank. The SRBs were joined to the External Tank. aOnce the SRBs ignited, hot gases heated the rubber O rings and they eroded to seal the joints. SRB joint design had a serious flaw in it and the engineers knew it meant a catastrophe and yet they passed the design for flight. The O rings worked only down to a temperature limit of 12 ̊ C, but the morning of the launch saw temperatures as low as -1 ̊ C which was much lower than the prescribed limit. Many engineers voiced to...
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