...Running head: READING COMPREHENSION STRATIEGES Reading Comprehension Strategies Kimberly A. Rossetti Grand Canyon University EED 470 – Curriculum, Methods, and Assessment: Literacy and Language Arts K-3 March 14, 2012 Reading Comprehension Strategies Studies reveal that teaching and instruction utilizing illustrative or visual organizers and templates that are representational, portray associations or connections among concepts. Presenting such graphic matrices as an introduction primes students to commence their learning processes toward a forthcoming educator instruction or assignment (Jitendra & Gajria, 2011). The following will review various graphic organizers, charts, and matrices that can be implemented for further development of reading comprehension. In addition, a summary will follow the illustrative pictorial of lesson introduction that provides an explanation regarding the implementation or utilization considering that particular comprehension example of focus. Beginning / Middle / End Beginning / Middle / End Summary: Using the Hamburger Model diagram will assist students to beef up their writing skills and promote or increase their focus on details while reading. The paragraph hamburger is a composing or authoring tool that will assist young writers to pictorially summarize important or main elements of a passage. Main focus, narrative or describing text, and concluding sentence are the central components or portions of a complete...
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...Online education vs. traditional education a compare and contrast Traditional education used to be the primary means of furthering ones education. However, in recent years online education has become more popular and is currently the preferred means of education. When concerning the convenience of the education, and resources online education has surpassed its opponent. Did you know that According to the U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics Enrollment in degree-granting institutions between 2000 and 2010, increased by 37 percent, from 15.3 million to 21 million? (Source U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics. (2011).The Condition of Education 2011(NCES 2011 -033), Table A-43-1). During the same period, online education courses accounted for an estimated 12.2 million enrollments. These numbers are hard to ignore, and it is safe to say that while some people feel traditional education is better for their educational needs; online education is quickly becoming the preference for Americans returning to school, but why? I want to compare the two and let you choose for yourself. From the outside, looking in we can see that both online and traditional education hold their students to a very high academic standard. Both have an academic code of conduct that is in place to ensure the quality of the education provided. With either online or traditional education, penalties are in place for students who violate the...
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...Compare and Contrast of Being a Counselor CNSL/205 09/13/2011 Dr. Katherine Van Hull University of Phoenix This paper was written to inform the reader of the compiled information that is a compare and contrast between myself and what has been predetermined as traits of being a good counselor. This paper is going to include information that was compiled from two different sources of information regarding this topic, and once this information has been compiled I, compared it to myself to see if the information gathered and my personality have some similarities. In order to be a good counselor it was determined that the counselor must first establish a two way street when it comes to talking about the things that are bothering the client. I will take both the counselor and the client to first agree that there will be changes no matter how hard they seem to be and that these changes to help better the relationship and the client. There also must be some sort of understanding between the counselor and his/her clients regarding what is expected by both the counselor and the client; both the clients and counselor also must establish a good chemistry in order for them to make any type of progress. If the patient is unable to establish any type of chemistry then the client has the opportunity to look for someone who he/she will feel comfortable with in order to be able to start their journey to healing. Even though the client is responsible for making the...
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...5 This chapter explores how racial and ethnic identity develops and how a sensitivity to this process can improve adult education. Racial and Ethnic Identity and Development Alicia Fedelina Chávez, Florence Guido-DiBrito Racial and ethnic identity are critical parts of the overall framework of individual and collective identity. For some especially visible and legally defined minority populations in the United States, racial and ethnic identity are manifested in very conscious ways. This manifestation is triggered most often by two conflicting social and cultural influences. First, deep conscious immersion into cultural traditions and values through religious, familial, neighborhood, and educational communities instills a positive sense of ethnic identity and confidence. Second, and in contrast, individuals often must filter ethnic identity through negative treatment and media messages received from others because of their race and ethnicity. These messages make it clear that people with minority status have a different ethnic make-up and one that is less than desirable within mainstream society. Others, especially white Americans, manifest ethnic and racial identity in mostly unconscious ways through their behaviors, values, beliefs, and assumptions. For them, ethnicity is usually invisible and unconscious because societal norms have been constructed around their racial, ethnic, and cultural frameworks, values, and priorities and then referred to as “standard...
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...Process I. Introduction Last May 16, 2013, the incumbent President Benigno “Noynoy” Aquino III signed an act that will add two more years to basic education in the Philippines. The Republic Act 10533 (Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013) seeking to institutionalize the government's "K to 12 program," which was already introduced by the Department of Education (DepEd) to schools all over the country during the past school years. As stipulated in the act, The State shall establish, maintain and support a complete, adequate, and integrated system of education relevant to the needs of the people, the country and society-at-large. Likewise, it is hereby declared the policy of the State that every graduate of basic education shall be an individual who has learned, through a program that is rooted on sound educational principles and geared towards excellence, the foundations for learning throughout life, the competence to engage in work and be productive, the ability to coexist in fruitful harmony with local and global communities, the capability to engage in autonomous, creative, and critical thinking, and the capacity and willingness to transform others and one's self. In reflection, there is an immense expectation on the part of the teacher. Honing the potentials of the learners is the center of their goal. Teachers as the molder of the future require great effort. The exertion on how they could give the quality education and global competitiveness for all learners through their...
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...Identify Appropriate Instructional Strategies After selecting the learning objectives and assessments for the course, we need to think about the various instructional activities we will use to engage students with the material and enable them to meet the objectives. Of course, the key is to align instructional strategies with the other two components. Many instructional strategies are flexible, and can be used in service of several learning objectives, but some of them are better suited for a particular set of objectives. In most cases, we will need to use a combination of instructional strategies. This table focuses on two of three components of course design. Instructional Strategy | Suitable Objectives | Lectures | Transmit information which supplements or enhances reading; promote understanding via explanations; respond to student misconceptions or difficulties; create or engage interest in a new area; motivate reading or other assignments | Discussions | Practice thinking and communicating in the subject/discipline; evaluate positions, arguments, or designs; defend own position; identify problems, conflicts and inconsistencies; get feedback from/about students; draw on students’ expertise and prior knowledge | Case studies | Actively involve students in learning; apply disciplinary methods of analysis; practice problem solving; practice high-level cognitive skills (i.e., application, analysis, synthesis, evaluation); think critically; blend cognitive and affective...
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...A person’s lifespan is from the moment of conception through death. Lifespan development is the different stages a person passes through as he or she develops. Perspective of lifespan development understands the changes that occur in development. Freud and Piaget have very different theories of lifespan development. Freud’s theory is a basis of id, ego, and superego, whereas Piaget’s is a cognitive development that occurs over a person’s lifetime. Nature and Nurture are more than perspectives in lifespan development they influence how and who a person will be. Lifespan development is the time from conception to death as a person develops and grows; the perspective in relationship to human development is lifelong, and theories of lifespan development can be seen in Freud, and Piaget, while the influences of a person life is nature and nurture. What is Lifespan Development A person’s lifespan begins as a fetus and as it develops and grows for nine months in the womb becoming a person either male or female will continue through stages in a his or her life. The study of human development is a science seeking to understand how humans change over their lifetime (Berger, 2008). The changes a person goes through as he or she grows can be linear-gradual, predictable, steady, but normally they are none of these. The common stages are birth, infancy, adolescence, adulthood, old age, and the ending death. To define lifespan development is also to mention that humans in their lifetime...
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...Lifelong Learning – Preparing for The Future Mildred Tuchez PCN-303 Prof. Readiness: Legal, Ethical, Personal, Professional Responsibilities Grand Canyon University April 20, 2012 With drug and alcohol use being at an all time high and that there are countless millions of Americans struggling with addiction it is important to evaluate the future of addiction treatment and recovery. There are a large number of long-tenured leaders across the spectrum of this field, policy makers, clinical supervisors, researchers, educator to name a few who will be retiring. This in itself will leave a large void. Their will be a great dependence on the new generation of leaders to step up to the plate in their willingness and preparation to insure the continued success of the programs and facilities that are already in place. It is safe to say that not even the long-tenured leaders felt ready for the responsibility they took on at the onset of their careers and the same will apply to the newbie. In order to best equip these new leaders there needs to be a structured course of action or prescription for readiness. Below are some steps I believe will be useful in achieving the goal of preparation. One of the very first steps a professional in any field should take once they have decided that a particular field is for them is to completely commit themselves to the field of choice. Although ...
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...section Vi essay forms Many people use the term “essay” to mean any paper written for a class. In actuality, there are many different types of essays, each of which has a unique purpose, form, and style. We call these different types of essays “modes of discourse,” and they include expository, persuasive, and comparecontrast essays to name just a few. This section of the Guide has a dual purpose. First, various types of essays are described and suggestions are included about how to approach each particular type of writing. Second, the sample essays are good tools for you to see how these different essays look in their final form. These are not templates (no essay can be a carbon copy of another even in form), but they will give you a good idea of what a final piece of writing for each mode of discourse looks like. It would be advantageous to critically analyze the form and content of each sample against the instruction for how to write each type of essay. chapter 21 expository essays Jennifer propp An expository essay explains something using facts rather than opinions. The purpose of this type of essay is to inform an audience about a subject. It is not intended to persuade or present an argument of any kind. Writing this type of essay is a good way to learn about all the different perspectives on a topic. Many students use the expository essay to explore a variety of topics, and do so in a wide range of formats, including “process” and “definition”...
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...22/25 “Compare and contrast the ideas and positions of Booker T. Washington, Ida B. Wells-Barnett and W.E.B. DuBois. Critically evaluate the strength and weaknesses of each.” Black History 140B Professor Katungi 3-12-03 Booker Taliaferro Washington was born a slave on a plantation in Franklin Country, Virginia in 1856. One of our nations most powerful black educators; he illustrated his belief in the dignity of work. He was very skilled in politics and influential for both black and white communities. “There was no period of my life that was devoted to play.” He expressed his concept of hard work was the cornerstone of his social philosophy. Booker T. became a principle and guiding force behind Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institution in Hampton, Alabama during 1881. He felt that industrial education was a way out from the horrible sharecropping and debt. His plan also wanted to achieve self-employment, land ownership and small businesses. “Yet one has the hand in all things essential to mutual progress”, being a personal quote from Booker T. at the Atlanta Compromise address in 1895. His major role was to influence the area of race relations and black leadership. He attacked racism and secretly founder of many anti-segregationist activities. Booker T. wanted to help black Americans rise up from the economic slavery, that had held them down long after they were legally free citizens. As being a dominant figure in black public affairs from 1895 until his...
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...decision on which they agree with, they are swayed by the other way. After reading, “Should Undergraduates Specialize?” by Patrick Allit, and, “Liberal Arts: A Practical View.” by Mark Jackson, I have formed my opinion and what I feel like is a suitable answer to the question above. I believe that students should have a choice. If they feel like they’re ready to dive into what they know they want to do, let them. But if the student feels like they aren’t one hundred percent sure, they should be able to take a wide variety of courses that allow them to eventually choose a major to specialize. Patrick Allitt is the author of the essay, “Should Undergraduates Specialize?” In this essay he compares and contrasts his own experiences in college with those of his college-bound daughter. By comparing the two, he provides evidence to his belief that having the option to specialize as an undergraduate will benefit students. This is shown in his conclusion, “Students with the right frame of mind thrive on studying diverse subjects until they’re ready, sometimes at age twenty or older, to make a stronger commitment. But let’s get rid of the idea that liberal arts is for everyone. America’s commitment to equality and to universal education is noble and invigorating. But it shouldn’t mean that one size fits all” (Allitt 7). Here Patrick is summarizing his essay, and essentially says that liberal arts may benefit some students, but there is a certain percentage that would...
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...Direct Instruction Vs. Constructivist Instruction [pic] Wingate University ED 530 It is important that educators and parents understand the methods used to effectively educate each student and how they impact student learning. To relay the importance of direct instruction, I would introduce the instructional model as described by the National Institute of Direct Instruction. According to the National Institute of Direct Instruction, “Direct Instruction (DI) is a model for teaching that emphasizes well-developed and carefully planned lessons designed around small learning increments and clearly defined and prescribed teaching tasks (http://www.nifdi.org/).” I would describe how direct instruction is a method of teaching considered most effective by various researchers. I would explain how the direct instruction model utilized in the Charlotte-Mecklenburg School system (CMS) allows students to learn more in less time. To demonstrate the direction instruction model, I would provide parents an opportunity to review the lesson plan format (Appendix 1) as prepared by CMS. Parents will be directed to notice how classes are structured to allow for: link to prior learning, teacher modeling, guided practice, independent practice, closure, and student assessments. Each of these items will be broken down using research based information to explain the break down of learning into smaller increments (Appendix 2) for the direct instruction model. Parents...
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...Physical punishment should be allowed in school. 형준 : (cogent)I agree with physical punishment because the teachers’s authority is encroached. physical punishment is a basic means to control the students. It is difficult for one teacher to control many students. jamie : (interjection) Teacher can teach students without physical punishment. The many teachers think that a punishment is the best way in our society. Don't you think that is wrong? kate : If the teachers can’t control the students, they will lose the teachers’s authority. (statistic)In infringement of teachers’s authority that occurred in the last year , unfair act is accounted for 40% by the students and parents. The number of infringement of teachers’s authority is increased 12-times than twenty years ago. (reference)For example, some students swore to a teacher in front of parents. Another students beat a head of a teacher 3-times because the teacher make him angry. (emotional appeal&words)If the teachers’s authority is invaded cruelly, who protects the teachers’s authority? Jamie : (Cogent argument) In these days, one of the most commonly practiced strategies used by teachers to alter long term behavior of their students is physical punishment. Physical punishment has been used in schools as a way of handling disciplinary problems. It refers to school rules which allow students to be punished using physical pain without causing injury. It is believed that using punitive method can promote students’...
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...Idaho/US | Finland | | | Global Educational Reform Movement (GERM), whereby the model of education is done through teaching common core standardized curriculum, test based accountability, and market based management and data and control | alternative policies that encourages broad and creative learning, personalization of topic and style of learning, professional responsibility that recognizes and holds teachers in the highest regard, educational leadership, collaboration and trust | 1:24+ Class/teacher | 1:9 Class/teacher | CHIPS/State medicaid | GDP >3% for childrens services | teacher selection self directed and graduate requisite of bachelors degree | rigorous selection process, masters requirement, esteemed profession | 10-12 standard tests | 1 standardized test at Senior year | Students move to different teachers throughout the day and each year | Teachers stick to same group of students for 5 years | Top down policy for education, buy in difficult due to politics and lack of buy in | Policy driven by all stakeholders, students and teachers included | First New York: Bloomberg did to help turn around the New York School System: Small Schools - New York wanted to promote smaller schools. Smaller schools emphasized academic rigor; strong, sustained relationships between students and faculty; and community partnerships that offer relevant learning opportunities outside the classroom. New York was able to pay for this with a larger grant from the...
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...Philosophies, Theories, and Concepts Jamie Field ECE 311 Early Childhood Curriculum & Methods Prof. Terri Surrency 08/26/2013 My goal for the future is to open my own in-home preschool and provide a positive and healthy learning experience to all that attend. I want to help guide and prepare our young children for their future in academics and life in general while having fun at the same time. My goals for the children are to teach them positive social skills, to be respectful to all people and things, to give them a voice and allow them to input their own ideas and opinions, give them a sense of pride and accomplishment to build self esteem, and to just love learning. Kindergarten today is not what it used to be and unfortunately, most children are not prepared for this. It’s important that our children feel comfortable and capable of entering into Kindergarten, which is where I come in. Although I do not have a concrete teaching philosophy I think I am leaning towards student-centered and progressivism. I think that teachers and students should work together to create learning experiences and opportunities. Progressive education is a form of education advocated by John Dewey in the early twentieth century. The basic idea of this philosophy is that students learn through experience, rather than through memorization. “Dewey believed that students, facing and ever-changing world, should master this scientific method: (1) Become aware of a problem; (2) define it; (3)...
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