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Components of Creative Ideas

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Components de Ideas Creativas

Alba N. Torres Rivera

University Of Phoenix

Creative Minds and Critical Thinking / PHL 485

Profesora María Ferrer Torres

21 de marzo 2009

Componentes de Ideas Creativas

¿Qué es pensamiento creativo? Pensamiento creativo es el desarrollo de nuevas ideas y conceptos. Es la habilidad de formar nuevas combinaciones de ideas para poder llenar una necesidad. Consiguientemente, el resultado o producto del pensamiento creativo tiende a ser uno original. Por lo tanto, podemos decir que Albert Einstein tuvo un pensamiento creativo muy original.

El gran Albert Einstein nació el 14 de marzo de 1879 en la ciudad de Bávara en Ulm (Biovida 2004). Fue hijo primogénito de padres judíos y su familia procedía de Suabia. Sus Padres se trasladaron a Múnich junto a Albert y su hermano Jakob. Su padre trabaja como un comerciante en las novedades de electrotécnicas. Varios años después los padres de Albert tuvieron una hija, Maya, lo cual por dificultades económicas la familia se mudo para Milán. Einstein se caso en dos ocasiones. La primera fue con una compañera de estudios llamada Mileva Maric con la cual procreo dos hijos. La segunda vez fue con su prima Elsa y no tuvieron hijos. Albert Einstein murió el 18 de abril de 1955 en Princeton, Nueva Jersey (Biovida 2004).

Desde muy pequeño Albert fue un niño inquieto y pensativo. Albert, tuvo dislexia, tuvo dificultades en el lenguaje y lento para aprender en sus primeros años escolares, no fue un buen estudiante. En otras palabras tuvo un desarrollo intelectual lento. Como era tan lento, daba una falsa apariencia de retraso, cosa que le traería problemas en el futuro. Incluso, él mismo dice, he tenido un desarrollo tan lento que no he empezado a plantearme preguntas sobre el espacio y el tiempo hasta que he sido mayor (BioVida 2004). Sus padres eran amantes a la música lo cual Einstein también heredo ya que recibió lecciones de violín. A la corta edad de 4 años su padre le mostro una brújula y la misma le causo sorpresa y asombro por el comportamiento de la aguja. Desde los 12 años le interesaban las matemáticas (que su tío Jacob le incentivó) y las ciencias le llamaron la atención desde los 14 años, gracias a otro tío que le dio libros de ciencias desde joven. Ese interés por las ciencias lo llevó a un escepticismo poco normal para esa época, según afirma él mismo en su autobiografía (BioVida 2004). Siempre se caracterizo por poseer un carácter fuerte que iba muchas veces contra la autoridad ya que Einstein creía que el espíritu de aprender y pensar en forma creativa no se podía desarrollar en un ambiente donde se forzaba la memorización.

Se graduó de la superior en Aarau cuando su familia se mudó a Italia, ya que no quiso quedarse en Alemania. Entró a la Universidad en Suiza, donde le tomó tiempo el logar el título de maestro porque irritaba a sus profesores. Su personalidad también le causó problemas con su jefe cuando trabajo en las Oficinas de Patentes de Berna (Suiza) que le consiguió el papá de uno de sus amigos. Dicho jefe le enseñó a expresarse correctamente. Cuando finalizó su Doctorado, fue con una tesis de 17 páginas sobre las dimensiones moleculares que fue inspirada cuando le iba a echar azúcar a su té mientras conversaba con un amigo. Además, escribió tres artículos, El Movimiento Browniano, La Relatividad Espacial y El Efecto Fotoeléctrico. En 1915 hizo la presentación de la Teoría General de la Relatividad. Fue profesor en las siguientes universidades: La Universidad de Zúrich, La Universidad de Alemana de Praga, La Universidad de Berlín. En 1921, obtuvo el Premio Nobel de Física por su explicación del efecto fotoeléctrico. Fue ganador de la Medalla Copley en el 1925, es uno de los galardones más antiguos y es el mayor reconocimiento al trabajo científico. También, fue otorgado con la Medalla Max Planck en el año 1929. Este premio le fue otorgado por sus extraordinarias contribuciones a las teorías de física.

Einstein, Freud, y Franklin fueron personajes muy importantes para la historia por sus grandes descubrimientos y/o importantes trabajos. Como es de esperar, todos ellos estaban muy bien educados y fueron muy creativos. Obviamente cada cual tuvo sus razones para desarrollar esas ideas que de una forma u otra cambiaron la historia. Por ejemplo, Einstein era un hombre que desde pequeño adoraba las matemáticas, ciencias y la geografía. Sin embargo, lo que más le atraía era esa duda de qué puede haber detrás de las cosas según las percibimos, o sea, que él entendía que las cosas iban más allá de lo que los humanos podemos interpretar con nuestros sentidos, (BioVida 2004). Esa curiosidad es lo que lo lleva eventualmente a desarrollar la teoría del relativismo, basada también en sus investigaciones. Igualmente, Freud tenía una curiosidad incesante que fue traída en gran parte por el contexto familiar en el que vivía. Sin embargo, a pesar de que él quería estudiar la condición humana desde lo científico, se dio cuenta (al trabajar con el neurólogo Jean Martín Charcot) de los efectos que tenían la sugestión y la hipnosis como método de tratamiento para la histeria. Eventualmente, trabajando con el tratamiento de la hipnosis y el método de la libre asociación fue desarrollando su psicoanálisis, donde se busca llegar a la raíz de los miedos y traumas, que podamos tener, a través de acciones inconscientes. Benjamín Franklin fue un personaje histórico que influyó muchos aspectos. Fue un hombre autodidacta desde joven y se destacó en la imprenta, en la política, en problemas sociales, estaba a favor de la abolición de la esclavitud, en las ciencias, etc. Además, al igual que Einstein y Freud, era motivado por la curiosidad de cómo funcionaban las cosas para tratar de mejorarlas. A través de su vida fue inventando cosas para mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas, como por ejemplo: los bifocales, el pararrayos y la estufa de hierro. Sin embargo, algo por lo que no es muy conocido es por sus estudios de vio ciencia, él, al igual que Freud, estaba interesado en cómo funcionaba el cuerpo y cómo podía mejorarlo.

Cada uno de estas personas fue y son muy importantes en nuestra cultura ya que tuvieron pensamientos muy originales y creativos. Aunque pasaron por muchas necesidades económicas y personales no se permitieron fracasar y lograron llegar a la meta deseada y mucho más. No permitieron que ninguna persona los limitara ya que ellos entendían que se puede lograr mucho cuando se sabe lo que se quiere y se desea. Son héroes de nuestra historia y lo seguirán siendo por muchos años más.

Referencias

Biografías y Vida, http://www.biografiasyvidas.com/monografia/einstein/, 2004, Obtenido en marzo 22, 2009

Nobelprize.org, http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1921/einstein-bio.html, From Nobel Lectures, Physics 1901-1921, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1967, Obtenido en marzo 23, 2009

Einstein, Albert, New World Encyclopedia, http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Albert_Einstein, Obtenido en marzo 23, 2009

Biografías y Vida, http://www.biografiasyvidas.com/monografia/freud/, 2004, Obtenido en marzo 23, 2009

Benjamín Franklin, http://www.geocities.com/fedeortiz/personajes/franklin.html, 2004, Obtenido en marzo 23, 2009

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