...immense criticism; thus the divergent claims. In this essay, I will briefly compare and contrast Herodotus’ and Aristotle’s arguments in some of the ideas that led to the development of modern geomorphology. River Siltation Both Herodotus and Aristotle present arguments in regards to river siltation. Herodotus first notes that there were yearly increments silt and clay deposits in the Nile River on its flood plains. He explains that the Nile River floods every year, and in the process, it irrigates the flood plain along either bank and deposits fresh silt along its banks. He noted that the Nile has three distinct regions (Rennell, 2011).. He further explained that flood waters from the White Nile flow through an enormous marsh called the "Sudd" in the southern part of the modern country of Sudan, and arrive later and more slowly than the flood waters from the Blue Nile and the Atbara River. This contribution was crucial in determining the modern day irrigation along the Nile as well as determining where people could live. Aristotle had not visited Egypt himself, but he had at hand excellent observations in the works of Herodotus who had visited there in 450 BC, and perhaps reports of other travellers as well. Regarding the Nile, Aristotle concurs with Herodotus in the sense that he also noted that the Nile had three distinct regions (Wilson, 172). However, Aristotle seems to differ with Herodotus...
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...GKE - Task 1: Geography and the Development/Diffusion of Human Societies Part A The Nile River was a significant geographic factor that contributed to the development of Egypt. This 6,695 Kilometer river; which is the largest river in the world contribution to Egypt's early human society in a way that is difficult to replicate. (The River Nile Facts, 2008). The Nile River provided drinking water for farmers and others who lived alongside the banks of the Nile. Also the Nile River floods predicted essentially how crops harvested. If there was too much water, the irrigation system could be damaged and if there was too little, there could be famine. This, however, did not deter the farmers, because they knew that this was their livelihood and their means of survival. The annual floods began from July to October. After the floods water receded, crops were ready for harvest from February. There were three seasons; the time of which the floods occurred , the receding of the water and the preparation for harvesting by preparing the soil and planting the seeds. There was also transportation of goods along the Nile River. This enabled the Egyptian civilization to attain economic growth. Therefore, it is clear what a significant factor the Nile River played and contributed to the development of Egypt. It's contribution was unprecedented. (Orlin, 2010) Part B The process of diffusion regarding Tea is a story that is truly amazing. The story of how Tea originated in...
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...Introduction The Nile River is the longest river in the world, stretching approximately 6,700 km from its remote headwaters in eastern Africa to the Mediterranean Sea. The Nile and its tributaries flow through Eleven countries and the river basin drains over three million square kilometers (one tenth of Africa’s total land mass) and is home to more than 300 million people (many of them are among the world’s poorest). Because of its size and variety of climates and topographies, the Nile is one of the most complex river basins in the world. The Nile originates from its major source, Lake Victoria forming the White Nile that flows generally North through Uganda and into Sudan where it meets the Blue Nile at Khartoum, from the confluence of the White and Blue Nile, the Main Nile River flows northwards into Egypt and to the Mediterranean Sea. The Eastern Nile includes the countries of Ethiopia, Sudan, and Egypt, and encompasses the sub-basins of the Baro-Akobo-Sobat, the Blue Nile, the Tekezze-Settit-Atbara, portions of the White Nile in Sudan, and the Main Nile. All flows in the Nile are the result of rainfall upon the Ethiopian highlands and the Equatorial lakes region. While this rainfall is usually plentiful, it is not always consistent from year to year. The annual average rainfall over the entire Nile basin is approximately 600 mm, ranging from 1200-1600 mm at the headwater regions to near zero at the most northern part of the basin. The seasonal fluctuations of rainfall...
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...The Contribution of the Nile River to the early Egyptian Civilization One of the primary and arguably the most important geographical feature that facilitated the early stages of development of the Egyptian people was the Nile River. It provided the early Egyptians with a range of sociological benefits. First and foremost would be the natural fertilization process caused by the annual flooding of the Nile. It would deposit silt in the nearby plains creating optimal conditions for crop farming to support the local population. The Nile was an easy way for the early Egyptians to transport goods and materials such as wood and limestone used to build the pyramids, as well as trade with other societies along the Nile. The Nile was extremely important to the Egyptians development. Religiously as well as culturally, the Egyptians believed that when the Nile flooded it was a gift from the god Hapi. The entire area surrounding the Nile River valley is desert and the only reason the valley is as hospitable at all is because of the Nile. In fact the valley wouldn’t exist in the first place if not for the Nile as valleys are more often than not formed by land erosion from water. Spruithi September 6, 2012 Archaeology of Ancient Egypt http://anthropology.msu.edu/anp455-fs12/2012/09/06/the-nile/ The effect of Tea on the cultural diffusion and exchange of early societies Oddly enough something as simple as tea has had a profound effect on cultural exchange, take for example...
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...November 19, 2013 Egypt When people think of Egypt they think of pyramids, camels passing by, desert with no food and water that however, is far from what Egypt really is like. The name of the culture for Egypt is called The Republic of Egypt, Egypt is located in northern Africa bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Libya and the Garza Strip and the Red Sea north of Sudan, and includes the Asian Sinai Peninsula (http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/print/eg.html). “About 10,000 years ago, people started near the Nile River.” (http://www.tooter4kids.com/Egypt/FunFacts.htm) This civilization is one we know today as Egypt. As one of the first civilizations, Egypt has a lot of background. Egypt was one of the first civilizations when people finally gave up their nomadic way of life. The Nile River was a good place to start a civilization because of the fertile soil. Today the Nile is a big source of wealth for the Egyptians and other people of this region just like it was in the ancient times. Without the Nile all of Egypt would be a hot and dry dessert. The Nile stretches for 4,145 miles. It is the longest river in the world. It flows from the South to the North. It originates near the equator in Africa and flows through the countries of Rwanda, Zaire, Uganda, Sudan, Ethiopia, and Egypt before emptying into the Mediterranean Sea. Egypt today is a republic with a parliamentary government, a president as head of state and a judicial system based on British common...
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...The Nile River is one of the greatest contributing factors to the development of the ancient civilization of Egypt (Smith, 2014). Civilization is defined as, “the society, culture, and way of life of a particular area” (The Free Dictionary,n.d.). At over 4,000 miles long, the Nile is the longest known river in the world, and runs through eleven countries, including Egypt. Villages were located near to its life giving waters, and along its banks, and they were able to thrive because of the Nile and the agricultural abilities that the Nile provided. During the rainy season the Nile River deposited its silt-enriched waters when its banks flooded. The ancient Egyptian farmers knew they needed those waters to grow their crops, and also needed a way to store water because of Egypt’s long dry season – it is essentially a vast desert, so they constructed devices, including catch basins and dikes, so they could catch the water for various purposes, and stored it so they could irrigate their crops the rest of the year. Not only did the Nile River allow the farmers to grow and nourish their crops, but it also gave them a means to sell any overage, and also other goods, as they could travel along the river to other villages. Agriculture and the sale of goods was not the only exchange made by the early people of the Nile. Culture was also exchanged. People from different villages and communities along the Nile came together for commerce, and as a natural consequence they would share their...
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...living conditions, transport, security, health care, innovation, …) · the economical dimension (work & mass unemployment, improvement of infrastructure, new technologies, decentralisation, repartition of wealth, capital equipments, …) · the ecological dimension (energy sources, sustainable development, air and water pollution, noise pollution, traffic jam, water supply, urban sprawl, urban environment protection, public transportation, waste management, …) DEFINITION OF MEGA CITIES There are numerous large and wide cities all around the world. At the present time the urban population is estimated to around 3.5 billion of inhabitants and will probably be more than 5 billion by 2030. The term “mega-cities” was defined for metropolitan agglomerations which concentrate more than 10 millions of inhabitants.In 2011, above 25 cities reached the level of more than 10 million of inhabitants. The term “Mega-cities” has been a little bit enlarged. At the present time, it is considered as “mega-cities” the 40 most populated cities, and they formed an association “C40 ” to propose some common projects, collective actions and to share innovative solutions, for a sustainable developments. These 40 “Mega-cities” represent a population of around 300 millions of residents, generate...
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...barrels of oil equivalent per day of oil, gas and natural gas liquids from its operations in Egypt and the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Dana Gas Egypt We are 100% operator of production, exploration and developments in the Nile Delta and 50% joint operator in Upper Egypt. Dana Gas, via its subsidiary Dana Gas Egypt, owns a 100% interest in three concessions onshore Nile Delta, the El Manzala, West El Manzala and West El Qantara concessions. And 50% in Komombo ------------------------------------------------- Dana Gas Egypt Manpower Resourcing, Attraction and Retention Philosophies Our success derives from the competence and dedication of our Employees. Dana Gas was able to continue its success in building capacity and capability at all levels, combining global and regional searches to identify and attract skilled people. It is part of our evolving culture to value expertise in a way that will generate the necessary proficiency that we require across the Group now and for the future. Talent Development Developing our people and helping them to reach their full potential are key elements to deliver our Group’s business strategy. This continues to be one of our main priorities. We recognize that the success of our strategy depends on the success of our Employees, and we therefore provide individual attention and team training. In 2012 we spent 265 days in learning and development activities across all disciplines. Dana Gas believes in training, coaching, mentoring and encouraging...
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...1)What does the study of humanities involve? What is the relevance of humanities in architecture? 1.The study of humanities involves academic disciplines that study human culture and history. The humanities include ancient and modern languages ,literature, philosophy, religion, and visual and performing arts such as music and theatre. We learn about distant cultures or past cultures. Through the exploration of humanities we learn how to think creatively and critically to reason and ask questions. These efforts preserve the great accomplishments of the past help us understand the world we live in and give us tools to imagine the future. 2.What are the broad divisions of human history? Write a brief on each. Prehistory (meaning "before history", or "before knowledge acquired by investigation", from the Latin word for "before," præ, and historia) is the span of time before recorded history or the invention of writing systems. Prehistory refers to the period of human existence before the availability of those written records with which recorded history begins. More broadly, it can refer to all the time preceding human existence and the invention. The term "prehistory" can refer to the vast span of time since the beginning of the Universe, but more often it refers to the period since life appeared on Earth, or even more specifically to the time since human-like beings appeared.[4][5] In dividing up human prehistory, prehistorians typically use the three-age system, whereas scholars...
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...Chapter Seventeen Local and Rural Development Egypt is considered one of the oldest countries in recognizing the local administration since the division of delta into two major parts; countryside and urban areas in the wake of the opening of Egypt in 641 AD. The early beginnings of the local sys-tem were known in Egypt through the French occupation, where Napoleon divided the country into 16 directorates. The first constitutional recognition in the Egyptian local system came in two articles 132 and 133 of the 1923 Constitution. This Constitution stipulates that all the councils would be chosen by elections. The Constitution also granted the councils specializations concerning the implementation of local general policy and required them to publish their budget and to open its doors to the public. Arab Republic of Egypt is, according to the 1971 Constitution, divided now into administrative units that enjoy nominal characteristics i.e. the 26 governorates, including (180) centres, (213) cities, (74) districts and (4632) villages, besides Luxor. The units of local administration undertake, in the light of the State general plan, establishing and managing all the public utilities. These units also undertake the approval to perform projects of reclamation in the framework of local units. The local and rural development is considered an important pillar of the comprehensive development of Egypt. It is the principal administration to achieve the developmental balance among governorates...
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...HUM101: WORLD CIVILIZATION AND CULTURE TOPIC 1: STONE AGE- PROLOGUE TO CIVILIZATION History: History is the record and interpretation of human past. It is useful and it teaches us many things about the world we live in. History is about everyday things which includes the factors how people use to travel, live, wear, eat, cook food, what were there beliefs, what kind of government they had, what theye use to do in their free time etc. All these factors makes history interesting and gives us an idea about the past actions of human beings. Before discovering what happened in history we must know when it happened. Chronology in history : BC: Before Christ BCE: Before Christian Era AD: Anno Domini CE: Christian Era Decade Century Millennium For example, we can count our age from the time we were born but we cannot count like these in history. No one knows when the world began and no one could write about 6000 years ago. But we must have a date that we can call Year One. People in different countries use different dates for Year One and sometimes often measure the date which is important in their religion. In Christian Calendar Year One is denoted as the year when Jesus Christ was born. AD means Anno Domini. These are Latin Word for ‘In the year of our Lord’. But also we want to count years before Christ was born which is before Year One. Time before Christ was born is known as (Before Christ). There are no written records about how people use to live in the past. Time before...
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...Independent Report on Clinical Laboratory Testing Services Market for an Initial Public Offering (IPO) in Egypt A Frost & Sullivan Report 2014 1|P age Disclaimer © November 2014 Frost & Sullivan The market research process for this study has been undertaken through detailed primary and secondary research, which involves discussing the status of the industry with leading industry participants and experts, and compiling inputs from publicly available sources, including official publications and research reports. The Expert Opinion Consensus Methodology has been used for the report. Quantitative market information is based primarily on such interviews and desk-based secondary research; therefore, making it subject to fluctuation. Frost & Sullivan has taken all reasonable care to insure that the information contained in this report is, to the best of its knowledge, in accordance with the facts and contains no omission likely to affect its import. In making any decision regarding the transaction, the recipient should conduct its own investigation and analysis of all facts and information contained in the prospectus of which this report is a part and the recipient must rely on its own examination and the terms of the transaction, as and when discussed. The recipient should not construe any of the contents in this report as advice relating to business, financial, legal, taxation or investment matters and are advised to consult their own business, financial, legal, taxation...
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...The Nile River was a God to worship, the water was not only vital for survival but also it was a great part of the three empires (Egypt, Sumer, and Indus) have contributed symbolicy to the modern age with-in a variety of ways. This shows that the 3 empires couldn't live without the River. One of the most important similarity of the 3 Empires is had development of written records. First they recorded important events ( like religious texts, wars, and how long people lived) are important to the 3 culture. The Sumer culture wrote on a system called cuneiform. The cuneiform had many symbols and wedges. Alike, in Egypt the people used hieroglyphics which was mostly pictorial and symbols and also stood for sound and ideas. The Indus culture had...
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...Water Wars There can be no life on Earth without water. It is indispensable for human health and well-being, for food production, and economic activities. But despite its importance, water is rarely considered as a resource in the same way as others, for example oil. Water covers more than two thirds of our planet, so to many it may seem like there is more than enough, and in most parts of the world its availability is taken for granted. However, freshwater, what we drink, bath in, and irrigate our land with, is extremely scarce. Only around 3% of the world’s water is fresh water, and about two-thirds of that is contained by glaciers, rendering it not readily available for human use. Agriculture uses more water than any other source and wastes much of it due to inefficiencies. Today more than a billion people around the globe lack access to fresh water and many of the world’s water systems have become stressed. In addition, rivers, lakes, and aquifers are becoming too polluted to use, climate change is altering weather patterns, resulting in shortages, droughts and floods. The world’s population is rapidly increasing, and at the current consumption rate the situation will only get worse. So without improved and more effective management, the availability of fresh water will more than likely not keep up with demand. It is estimated that by 2025, two-thirds of the world’s population may face water shortages. Issues related to water scarcity can obstruct the ability of nations...
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...Hogarth Blake Presents: Wonderful Ethiopians Of The Ancient Cushite Empire By Drusilla Dunjee Houston First published in 1926 This e-book was edited by Hogarth Blake Ltd Download this book and many more for FREE at: hh-bb.com hogarthblake@gmail.com ‘Wonderful Ethiopians Of The Ancient Cushite Empire’ by Drusilla Dunjee Houston Reproduction & duplication of this work for FREE is permitted. Refer to the terms & conditions page for more details. Terms & Conditions Scanned at sacred-texts.com, October, 2004. John Bruno Hare, redactor. This text is in the public domain in the United States because it was not renewed at the US Copyright Office in a timely fashion as required by law at the time. These files may be used for any non-commercial purpose, provided this notice of attribution is left intact in all copies and subject to the sacred texts Terms of Service at http://www.sacred-texts.com/tos.htm Hogarth Blake presents this e-book FREE of charge; it may be used for whatever purpose you see fit. The only limitations are that you may not decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer, modify, create derivative works based upon, sell, publish, license or sub-license the work or any part of it without the express written consent of Hogarth Blake Ltd. The work is provided as is. Hogarth Blake Ltd. makes no guarantees or warranties as to the accuracy, adequacy or completeness of or results to be obtained from using the work via hyperlink or otherwise, and expressly...
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