...health outcomes following warzone exposure, particularly posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), can serve as a barrier for veterans reintegrating back into civilian life. PTSD is marked by clear physical and psychological symptoms caused by physical injury or an intense emotional distress. PTSD in military veterans can occur following a life-threatening event such as military combat, terrorist incidents, serious accidents, or violent personal assaults like rape. PTSD symptoms include depression, substance abuse, problems of memory and cognition, and other physical and mental health problems. This disorder can also be traced to difficulties in social settings or family life, finding a job, marital problems, and in performing parental acts. PTSD is a condition that impacts American military personnel who have returned from deployment and were exposed to encounters with the enemy. Approximately 7% of Americans develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) at some point in their lives (Kessler, Berglund, Demler, Jin, Merikangas, & Walters, 2005). Due to increased exposure to traumatic situations (i.e., combat), the prevalence of PTSD is much greater among war veterans compared to the general population (Hoge, Castro, Messer, McGurk, Cotting, & Koffman, 2004). For example, 54% of American male Vietnam veterans are estimated to have had PTSD at some point in their lives (Kulka, Schlenger, Fairbank, Hough, Jordan, Marmar et al., 1990). In the more recent Global War on Terror (GWOT)...
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...Abstract Throughout the United States, there is a growing epidemic occurring affecting all genders, races and socio-economical groups, which is the abuse of prescription pain medication and heroin. Per the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the number of overdose deaths due to prescription pain medication has quadrupled from 1999 to 2013, with more than 16,000 deaths in 2013 alone (The White House, Office of the Press Secretary, 2015). Also disturbing are the statistics for heroin overdose, which have increased 286 percent from 2002 to 2013, with the rate of addiction doubling as well (Cook, 2015). The abuse of heroin and prescription pain medications are tied together since individuals abusing pain medication are 40 times more likely to become addicted to heroin and half of those addicted to heroin are also addicted to pain medication (Cook, 2015). As this epidemic of drug abuse continues to grow and affect communities across the United States, it becomes apparent that federal and local government bodies need to become involved. One such way is the introduction and passing of new legislation to help cope and deal with the growing issues at hand. On June 17, 2015, one such bill was introduced to a congressional committee, H.R. 2805: Heroin and Prescription Opioid Abuse Prevention, Education, and Enforcement Act of 2015 (S. H.R. 2805, 2015). H.R. 2805 is a bill, which addresses prescription opioid abuse and heroin use, and methods of managing such...
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...violence by a person or an organized group against people or property with the intention of intimidating or coercing societies or governments, often for ideological or political reasons. Has global terrorism escalated to an extent so that the ethical response to extremism is no longer a viable alternative; forcing global intervention and the active use of extreme measures in the name of peace keeping? Annotated Bibliography: Source #1: Cook, Martin L., Dr. “Ethical Issues in Counterterrorism Warfare.” Ethical Issues in Counterterrorism Warfare. Santa Clara University, Sept. 2001. Web. 09 Mar. 2013. <http://www.scu.edu/ethics/publications/ethicalperspectives/cook.html> The author of this essay, Dr. Martin L. Cook, is an Elihu Root Professor of Military Science and a Professor of Ethics under the Department of Command, Leadership and Management at the U.S. Army War College. Under the guidance of the Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff, Operations, U.S. Army, Cook was asked to prepare this paper. Prior to his current position, Cook engaged his professional expertise at the Santa Clara University and taught under in the Department of Religious Studies. Cook’s paper first states that as a result of the recent September 11th, 2001 attacks pertaining to the Pentagon (Washington D.C) and the World Trade Center (New York City), the concept of just warfare - the moral and legal traditions of just war and its appropriate, yet effective response has vastly differed and have...
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...detrimental implications alienation of labor has on the emotional state of human individuals. The article, “Emotional Life on the Market Frontier” uncovers a dimension of melancholy or better yet mediocracy, which eventually consumes labors. From the seasoned to the newly enlisted, alienation of labor has an exceptional tendency to remove purpose and vigor from any individual at any given time or space. These types of emotional drains, can be attributed to labor redundancies, detachments, and estrangements (88-92). In the end, Marx made deliberate and undeniable estimations of the consequences industry may have on society. Society, now has the responsibility to adjust accordingly, my hope is that Marx’s insight is properly utilized to combat inequality and...
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...them. This type of research dispels many of the myths of gender role identity in terms of understanding the personal experiences of women in the fieldwork done by Silber (2010) in 21st century anthropological studies on the impact of the revolution in El Salvador. Silber’s (2010) argument about the gender barriers to equality in El Salvador are well-founded, since she identifies some of the myths of women’s role in the revolution. Historically, the women were identified as being “masculinized” by images of them with automatic rifles, combat fatigues, and other masculine aspects of war that made them appear far more militant than the stereotypical “domestic servant.” In this context, Silber (2010) identifies an important argument about the interpretation of “masculine” identity in terms of the callous toughness of women that is projected by women, such as Nina Francisca, when she attended the funeral of her young son (killed in guerrilla combat) by Daysi, a witness to the event: Daysi explains how Nina Francisca entered the church, approached her dead son, took his head in her hands, kissed him, and made the sign of the cross, saying: “You served your country well.”…one of her remaining daughters, upon seeing her dead brother, began weeping. Nina Francisca ordered her to stop crying. In this interview, Daysi defines the archetypical view of post-war women in El Salvador, which emulates the callous and soldierly desensitization to the e3ffcts of war. Francisca’s loss of her son...
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...The first thing that I noticed upon my arrival in the trench was the rats. It seems to me that the soldiers devote an almost equivalent amount of time waging war on the rats as the Germans. The biggest difference is that they have a fair chance at defeating the Germans. Some of the rats are the size of cats- large cats. They have overrun the trenches and rage a form of guerrilla warfare that none of the men are prepared to combat. It is good for us that the rats are content for the most part to act as a nuisance-if they ever took up arms themselves than we should be severely outnumbered. The rats aren’t the only plague in the trenches, the smell is enough to make most men vomit-as I myself did when I arrived. The air is thick with the odors...
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...The role of the man was mostly hunting. Most men also fought for their tribe in wars. Warrior societies governed the tribe and protected women, children and elderly from tribal enemies. Most common tribal enemies were the Arikara, the Blackfeet and the Crow. War to the Plains Indians was more like a sport than mortal combat. Men also protected the tribe´s ground and taught boys at a young age the ways of a man. The role of the women was mostly to keep the household. They prepared meat after a hunt and made clothing the family wore. They were in charge of taking down and setting up the tipis after a trip. Besides cooking and keeping their household, women dragged the heavy sticks of the tipi wherever they traveled. Several women could take a tipi down in minutes. Women also taught girls the skill they would need when they get married. Children...
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...Erich Remarque was born 1898 and passed 1970 he served his country during World War 1 and suffered from five injuries the last of the five injury's he had gotten was the worst of them all. He had served the country proudly and unfortunately in combat was wounded forever. Remarque was born in the town Osnabruck and returned their after the war. He worked as a teaches, a stone-cutter for the cemetery, and assistant editor of Sportsbild. In 1939 Remarque moved to the United Sates until the war ended from their he moved to Switzerland. By the time he was thirty-three he had written All Quiet On The Western Front and became a very wealthy man. This fame and money didn't stop Remarque from wanting to tell the world of the horrors of war which drove him to continue writing nine more novels. All Quiet on the Western Front is a story through the eyes of a young boy who fights as a German solider on the French front in World War I. The young man, Paul...
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...a traumatic event that causes a “pathological memory”, which then emerges with symptoms of “generalized feelings of fear and apprehension” (Butcher, 2010, p. 158). The number of veterans diagnosed with PTSD and being treated through the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) has tripled since 2001; emphasizing the vital need for established therapies (Eftekhari, Ruzek, Crowley, Rosen, Greenbaum, & Karlin, 2013). According to the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), as of September 1, 2013, 625,953 veterans are being compensated for PTSD. The rise in the number of veterans presenting with PTSD is thought to be in direct correlation to longer deployments, decreased time between deployments and the increasing number of deployments (Cook, Dinnen, O'Donnell, Bernardy, Rosenheck, & Hoff, 2013). In order to be compensated for the disorder, veterans must meet the requirements set forth in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) and the PTSD Checklist-Military (PCL-M) (VA (3), 2013). The PCL-M currently uses DSM-IV criteria and is being updated to incorporate the DSM-5. While information regarding DSM-5 is available, for the remainder of this report all reference to the DSM will be based on criterion from the DSM-IV-TR (4th...
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...He effectively commanded Marines and soldiers in a time of chaos and confusion. After being ambushed, the American forces were in a state of disarray and were not taken by surprise. Myers used his skills as a leader to bring together a joint force and mount an offensive to establish their perimeter. "I had no Marine rifle company or unit of any type in my area," he told the Idaho Military Historical Society in a 2001 interview. "So, as I walked toward East Hill, I formed my own combat element from support Marines, such as cooks, truck drivers, maintenance personnel and administrative personnel, recruiting Marines along the way. I ended up with about 50 hard-charging Marines that were raring to go and anxious to get into the fight, and the 200 soldiers at the bottom of East Hill -- 250 overall." Myers was able to effectively lead Marines and soldiers who were not specifically trained as infantryman, and have them inflict heavy casualties on a larger...
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...eleventh consecutive year that food assistance expenses increased and the fifth where they exceeded previous historical record. (Oliveira, 2012) The following graph shows the drastic monetary increase in billions for the SNAP or Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program from 1970 to 2011. The indirect economic impact of hunger and food insecurity in America is shown in many different ways. One very important example is the rising costs of special education. Food insecurity has been shown to have a direct impact on a child’s physical and mental development, school readiness, and academic performance. In 2006 the federal funds for Special Education were $11.46 billion and part of that was directly linked to food insecurity and hunger. (Cook, 2009) In 1989 the Life Sciences Research Office founded the basis for standardized definitions used in estimating food security in the United States. Food Security according...
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...Lately, the concept of unconscious bias or “hidden bias” has come into the forefront of our work as diversity advocates because the dynamics of diversity are changing as we enter the 21st Century. Our tradition paradigm has generally assumed that patterns of discriminatory behavior in organizations are conscious; that people who know better do the right thing, and those who do not cause bias. As a result, we have developed a “good person/bad person” paradigm of diversity: a belief that good people are not biased, but inclusive, and that bad people are the biased ones (R. Cook 2008). Forms of unconscious bias with foreign employees: Out of the 10 unconscious biases mentioned in the article by Cook Ross (2014), I have noted the following to have a negative impact on the international business relations. Diagnosis bias, having foreign employees from India, employees make a quick decision on how to act with a person just based on initial perceived opinion. Pattern recognition, employees decide that if the Indian employee has completed a task wrong once before, they will do it wrongly again. Value attribution, employees consider that foreign Indian employees have values that they take for granted. Confirmational behavior, employees in Finland have noted to consider that what confirms their beliefs and then ignore what contradicts their beliefs while also disregarding the facts that contradict their points of view. Automatic perception, the Finnish employees have a reflexive reaction...
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...Dancing is commonly understood to be a physical exercise where continuous movements will allow for eventual muscle growth. Studies are also showing, however, that by memorizing the step patterns to dances and by remembering to implement the moves at certain times that dancing can be excellent stimulus for the brain and each new dance brings more neuroplasticity to the brain. In addition to physical and neuroplasticity improvements, dancing also raises serotonin levels, which is the chemical that combats depression. Dancing can be a person’s medicine for depression. Studies have also shown that dancing affects certain mental conditions in the brain. The movements cause the symptoms for Parkinson’s to be alleviated if a patient is dancing along to the rhythm of a song; furthermore, memorizing the dance patterns builds strong neural connections which reduce a person’s risk for Dementia. Dancing not only helps neuroplasticity and muscle growth, but it also helps combat different mental health problems (Edwards,...
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...CHAPTER 1 Text and its source A Dash of Nutrition By DIANE MARTINDA The fortification of salt with iodine is a global success story: with two out of three household in the developing world now consuming iodized salt, an estimated 82 million children are protected from thyroid disease and resultant learning disabilities every year. Still, people suffer from a lack of other micronutrients. For years, food scientists have looked for a way to fortify iodized salt to combat iron-deficiency anemia, which affects some two billion people, as well as vitamin A deficiency, which afflicts at least 100 million children in poor countries and is the leading cause of blindness among them. Canadian researchers have now developed practical way to double- and triple- fortify salt, which might also be more acceptable to people than genetically modified foods in tackling malnutrition. Adding iron to iodized salt is a simple idea that has proved difficult to execute. The chemicals are incompatible: when mixed together, iodine vaporizes and iron degrades. After more than a decade, Levente Doisady, a chemical engineer at the University of Toronto, finally solved the problem by borrowing a technique from the food industry referred to as microencapsulation. The process involves spraying iron particles with stearine, a vegetable fat, which creates a protective coat and prevents the iron from reacting with the iodine. Encapsulating the iron, however, was only part of the solution. Diosady’s...
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...love for food and the preparation of said food, as well as, the enjoyment it brings to others. I spent last summer working in a busy New England Restaurant learning the front of the house, as well as, the food preparation areas. I am currently working in an authentic American bakery in which I am being cross-trained in the financial and the baking. The goals I aspire to reach one day, are to own and operate my own bakery. I love watching others enjoy my creations, it gives me a sense of satisfaction and purpose. I am the oldest child of three, living with both my mother and father. My father is a combat veteran of Operation Iraqi freedom. He served 15 years in the United States Army and has been in the healthcare field ever sense. My mother was a stay at home mom during my early childhood and in my adolescent...
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