...dengan perusahaan sejenis. Kepribadian dan identitas perusahaan menjadi faktor yang signifikan dalam memberi nilai lebih tersebut terhadap produk, pelayanan dan pilihan investasi. Salah satu strategi manajemen perusahaan jasa agar dapat tetap eksis dan berkembang lazim dilakukan dengan merumuskan visi dan misi baru. Perubahan tersebut dapat diwujudkan dengan cara merubah identitas perusahaan. (Ashar, 2003,p.1). Sejumlah perusahaan jasa di tanah air yang telah melakukan perubahan identitas diantaranya; Bank Mandiri. Bank Mandiri meluncurkan logo baru pada tahun 2008 dengan alasan bahwa logo lama dianggap sudah ketinggalan jaman/kuno dan tidak lagi bisa mempresentasikan visi misi perusahaan. Selain itu, Bank Mandiri juga ingin menciptakan image yang baru dimata...
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...Identity based views of the corporation Insights from corporate identity, organisational identity, social identity, visual identity, corporate brand identity and corporate image Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to consider advances in corporate identity scholarship on the occasion of the tenth anniversary of the first special edition of corporate identity to appear in the European Journal of Marketing in 1997. Design/methodology/approach – The paper takes the form of a literature review. Findings – The notion of, what can be termed, “identity-based views of the corporation” is introduced. Each of the ten identity based perspectives that inform the above are underpinned by a critically important question which is believed to be of considerable saliency to marketing scholars and policy advisors alike. As a precursor to an exposition of these ten perspectives, the paper discusses five principal schools of thought relating to identity and identification ((the quindrivium) which can be characterised as: corporate identity (the identity of the organisation); communicated corporate identification (identification from the organisation); stakeholder corporate identification (an individual, or stakeholder group’s, identification with the organisation); stakeholder cultural identification (an individual, or stakeholder group’s, identification to a corporate culture); and envisioned identities and identifications (this is a broad category and relates to how an organisation, or group...
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...Corporate Reputation Review Volume 5 Numbers 2 and 3 Gaps Between the Internal and External Perceptions of the Corporate Brand Gary Davies and Rosa Chun Manchester Business School Corporate Reputation Review, Vol. 5, Nos. 2/3, 2002, pp. 144–158 # Henry Stewart Publications, 1363–3589 Page 144 ABSTRACT The corporate branding and reputation literatures both refer to the significance of gaps between the employee and customer perceptions of the corporate brand. There is a generally held view that the two perspectives should be aligned. In particular there is a view that any gaps between the two should be reduced. In this study a standardized ‘Corporate Personality Scale’ was used, to measure the employee perceptions (referred to as identity) and customer perceptions (referred to as image) of the corporate brand image of two department stores. The stores were both part of the same group, but traded under different names and in different locations. Gaps were identified between the image and identity for both stores. In one, the image was found to be superior to the identity. In the other, the identity was superior to the image. The former store had benefited from a substantial investment in store redesign but investment in staff and their training had been neglected. The results are discussed within the theory of retail marketing and the more general work on corporate branding. Some practical implications are identified. If image and identity co-evolve...
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...Brand Name and Corporate Image Valarie Murphy-Taylor OMM 615 Janis McFaul July 21, 2014 Abstract The aim of this paper is to describe the difference between brand name and corporate image. As companies seek to gain a competitive edge through means of organizational restructuring and/or innovation, building brand name recognition and corporate image has become increasingly significant. Consumers identify with brand names and advertisements, which promote products that make favorable impressions. Corporate image is an abstract concept that has a definite effect on marketing performance since consumers prefer to purchase from companies with reputable corporate images. Brand naming is a concrete concept in that a brand name is something one can see, touch, fee or smell. By seeing and/or hearing and advertisement one can become familiar with a brand name which in turn can build a brand’s recognition. Corporate imagery is a highly involved mental process that marketers pursue in order to challenge the perceptions of internal and external stakeholders. Corporate advertising is big business with expenditures of more than nine billion dollars. The knowledge of that may affect how consumers feel about brands from a particular corporation or so one would think. The two concepts overlap one another. Corporate imaging and brand naming can be...
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...Corporate Reputation Review Volume 12 Number 4 A Systematic Review of the Corporate Reputation Literature: Definition, Measurement, and Theory Kent Walker Asper School of Business, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada ABSTRACT A systematic review of the corporate reputation literature is conducted. The final sample of 54 articles (and one book) consists of well-cited papers, and papers in journals that have published high quality work in corporate reputation. The sample is then analyzed and the three fundamental problems in the reputation literature are addressed – the need for a comprehensive and well-accepted definition, the difficulty in operationalizing corporate reputation, and the ongoing need for more developed theory. Two main findings evolve from this analysis: (1) reputation may have different dimensions and is issue specific, and (2) different stakeholder groups may have different perceptions of corporate reputations. The implications for future research are discussed. Corporate Reputation Review (2010) 12, 357–387. doi:10.1057/crr.2009.26 KEYWORDS: corporate reputation; definition; operationalization; organizational identity; organizational image; systematic review INTRODUCTION There are many reasons why organizations and researchers should care about corporate reputation. The relationship between reputation and a sustained competitive advantage is widely acknowledged in the literature (eg, Fombrun and Shanley, 1990; Fombrun, 1996;...
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...Corporate Communications Mrs. Cynthia Kamasa-Quashie Due December 4, 2013 Final: Chapter 4 Summary Chapter 4 discussed the importance of identity, image, reputation, and corporate advertising within a corporation. In the Merriam-Webster dictionary, identity is defined as the qualities, beliefs, etc., that make a particular person or group different from others. “Corporate and brand identities are an expression and reflection of an organization’s culture, character, personality, and its products and services; inspiring trust with consumers, employees, suppliers, partners and investors” (“The Importance”). The identity of a corporation helps the organization inform its constituencies who they are; it is how they differentiate themselves among other organizations. Establishing an image helps corporations better express their identities. When discussing image, the term logo is introduced. Argenti P. stated that logos are important due to their visual nature. “This visual element symbolizes the brand and can play a large role in establishing an emotional connection with the product” (Kenni Z. 2011). In other words, the image of a corporation is how it identified. For example, the golden arches forming the shape of the letter “M” is how McDonalds is identified among its constituencies. “To stand out from their competitors, every company needs to have a good brand image, to create a niche in the client’s mind by having a unique, pleasing appearance and identity” (“What is Corporate”)...
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...When people talk about stories behind companies, corporate culture and corporate identity are always two important topics people will refer to. Some worldwide well-known brands, such as Apple, Samsung, Nokia or Enron, corporate culture and corporate identity have an enormous impact on their way to big names or final bankruptcy. This essay attempts to explain the background to organisational culture, the definition of corporate identity, and then to explore how does corporate identity affect and how is it affected by corporate culture in more detail via using Apple as an example. A summary and conclusion will be drawn at the end of this essay. Background to organisational culture Organisational culture is a complex and multi-facet conception. The notion of organisational culture has been explored by social scientists over the past decades. Andrew Brown stated the definition of organizational culture in his book Organizational Culture as follows: “Organizational culture refers to the pattern of beliefs, values and learned ways of coping with experience that have developed during the course of an organization’s history, and which tend to be manifested in its material arrangements and in the behaviours of its members.”1 According to Ravasi and Schultz, organizational culture is a set of shared mental assumptions that guide interpretation and action in organizations by defining appropriate behaviour for various situations.2 Martins and Martins thought organisational...
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...INTRODUCTION: An identity of a corporation is a complex thing to understand, and established. There is still a general lack of consistency when these terms are adopted to theoretical models or applied in Practice (Lars Thuger Christensen, Suren Askegaard 1999), in this essay the author has tried to review the literature of scholars of corporate identity to bring the whole concept in a nutshell. This essay consists of two parts (a) and (b), in (a) author has tried to look into the notion of identity based view of corporation by exploring well known literature in order to assess how concept of identity serves organizations, how it helps in defining identity of corporation, the difference between the two, what are Balmer’s “Business identities”?, multiple identities of any corporate entity, inward and outward bound identities of corporation, also author tried to look into Balmer’s corporate identity Quindrivium which is for author of this essay is like a breakthrough in understanding the concept of identity based view of corporation, this part shows that identity of corporation is combination of multiple identities which needs to stay aligned to build positive corporate identity. In (b) the author tries to link the concept of corporate identity with another element of corporate level marketing(Balmer, J.M.T and Edmond Gray 2003), that is “corporate branding”, and tried to look into concepts like what is corporate branding ?, relation between corporate identity and corporate branding ...
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...Journal of Economics, Business and Management, Vol. 1, No. 1, February 2013 Corporate Social Responsibility to Reflect Organization‟s Corporate Identity: A Content Analysis Musdiana Mohamad Salleh, Nabsiah Abdul Wahid, and Malliga Marimuthu Abstract—The authors propose corporate social responsibility (CSR) as a useful element in reflecting an organization’s corporate identity (CI) to its target audiences. The inclusion of CSR highlights organization’s role as a ‘good’ citizen in society and is the basis for any beneficial exchanges between the parties. Content analyses on CSR of 10 top ranked Malaysian companies supported this proposition. Index Terms—Corporate social responsibility, corporate identity, content analysis. effort in integrating their stakeholders‟ social and environmental expectations and/or concerns into their daily operations and their interaction with the stakeholders. B. Corporate Identity Corporate identity (CI) has been used as the basis for other various corporate level concepts like image, reputation or corporate communications; and is even considered fundamental in corporate marketing field [1]-[2]. The traditional VI perspective sees CI being used at the early stage of organization‟s operation as it becomes the mean for CI transmission e.g. through logos, brand images and other visual manifestations representing them [3]. CI has evolved from this definition from focusing only on the minor elements of the organization to now emphasizing more on the...
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...ISSN 1857-8047 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND CORPORATE IMAGE Ayanda, Adebayo Maruf Department of Business Administration and Management Technology, Faculty of Management sciences, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos- Nigeria. Baruwa, Akinfolarin Afeez Department of Business Administration and Management Technology, Faculty of Management sciences, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos- Nigeria Abstract This article analyses the impact of corporate social responsibility on corporate image, basing the findings theoretically and empirically. The first part of this article focuses on a theoretical concept of corporate social responsibility. The authors analyze different definitions of corporate social responsibility, review chronological development of this concept and reveal similarities between different definitions. Positive and negative positions towards corporate social responsibility are presented and compared. The second part of this article reveals the theoretical concept of corporate image and the constituting factors. After discussing different definitions of corporate image, concluding remarks are made. The authors of this article discuss the topicality of corporate image management subsequently and name the factors that form corporate image, laying out the basis to manage particular factors. The first two parts of this paper provide a theoretical basis for further discussion. The third part of this article outlines insights for causality between corporate social responsibility...
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...Brand and Corporate Image OMM615: Strategies: Marketing/Advertising/Public Relations An Assessment of Brand and Corporate Image The thought of customers not recognizing a company’s particular brand name or not understanding one's corporate image should spur marketers to act. Marketers by the use of advertising, sales promotion and public relations are able to build brand awareness and a positive corporate identity. In this paper corporate imaging and brand names will be discussed from the marketers point of view with reference to consumer perception. All assertions and suggestions will be supported by scholarly reference. As companies seeks to gain a competitive edge through some means of organizational restructuring and/or innovation, building brand name recognition and corporate image has become increasingly important. Customers identify with brand names and advertisements, which promoted products that made a favorable impression. Corporate image is an abstract concept that has a definite effect on marketing performance since consumers prefer to purchase from companies with reputable corporate images. Brand naming is a concrete concept in that a brand name is something one can see, touch, hear, feel or smell. By seeing and/or hearing and advertisement one can become familiar with a brand name which in turn can build brand's recognition. Corporate imagery is a highly involved mental process that marketers pursue in order to challenge...
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...UNDERSTANDING CORPORATE REBRANDING: AN EVOLUTION THEORY PERSPECTIVE Alexander C. Tevi, M.Sc. Faculty (Marketing Communications) School of Media and Communication Pan-African University 3, Ahmed Onibudo St. Victoria Island Lagos Nigeria 00234 802 300 2328 alextevi@yahoo.com Olutayo Otubanjo, PhD Senior Lecturer (Marketing) Lagos Business School Pan-African University Km 22 Lekki Epe Expressway Ajah, Lagos, Nigeria. 00234 808 608 6816 totubanjo@lbs.edu.ng Electronic copy available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2197664 Abstract Purpose: This paper seeks to create an epistemologically grounded understanding of the causes and process of corporate rebranding via the lens of the theory of evolution by natural selection. Approach: A review of the factors that trigger corporate rebranding, as reported in academic literature, is made. Following the review, a case is made for the absence of an epistemologically grounded understanding of why firms rebrand. Consequently, the theory of evolution by natural selection is brought forward as a platform for the development of a new model that explicates the causes and process of corporate rebranding. Findings: A new model anchored on the theory of evolution by natural selection, and a new definition of corporate rebranding is advanced. Essentially, the model offers epistemologically grounded reasons for ascendancy of corporate rebranding in the environment. Limitations: This is a conceptual paper – meaning that the model suggested in this...
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...Corporate Identity and Corporate Brand Alignment: The Strategic Positioning of British Airways in the 20th Century John M. T. Balmer, Brunel University, Helen Stuart, Australian Catholic University, Stephen A. Greyser, Harvard University. Abstract In this paper we explain the utility of adopting an identity-based view of the corporation using the diagnostic tool of identity management outlined in this article, “The ACID Test”. Using British Airways (BA) as an extensive case history we scrutinize and explicate how BA’s senior executives intuitively adopted an identity-based perspective as part of the strategic management of the carrier. Our analysis is corroborated by insights from the former CEO of British Airways, Lord Marshall, and also draws on our long-time association with his predecessor, Lord King. The overriding message from our work is that calibrating the multiple identities of the corporation is a critical dimension of strategic management. Introduction This article uses Balmer’s latest version of the ACID Test Framework which encompasses the added dimension of the covenanted identity. Previous articles on the framework include Balmer and Gray (2003), Balmer and Greyser (2002) and Balmer (2002). In our view there are six critical identity types that senior executives of modern corporations need to ensure are broadly calibrated with each other. Each is characterised by a distinct identity type, linked to a corporate-level concept that is of fundamental...
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...com/0309-0566.htm The effect of corporate branding dimensions on consumers’ product evaluation A cross-cultural analysis Nizar Souiden ´ Faculty of Business Administration, Laval University, Quebec, Canada Corporate branding dimensions 825 Received October 2004 Revised September 2005 Accepted January 2006 Norizan M. Kassim Department of Management and Marketing, College of Business and Economics, University of Qatar, Doha, Qatar, and Heung-Ja Hong Faculty of Sociology, Kansai University, Osaka, Japan Abstract Purpose – The paper aims to investigate both Western and Eastern corporate branding thoughts and examine the interrelation among four corporate branding dimensions (i.e. corporate name, image, reputation and loyalty) and their joint impact on consumers’ product evaluation. Design/methodology/approach – Building on extensive literature, a model of consumers’ product evaluation that includes the major determinants of corporate branding is proposed. Based on a sample of 218 Japanese and American consumers, structural equation modeling and general linear model analyses are used to test hypotheses. Findings – The research reveals that Japanese and American consumers have different perceptions with respect to the effect of corporate image and corporate loyalty. The corporate name was found to have a significant impact on corporate image and corporate reputation was found to have a significant affect on corporate loyalty. The corporate reputation is also found to be...
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...IDENTIFICATION According to our analysis, Toyota is lacking corporate identity in its host country. Toyota is experiencing difficulty bridging the gap between its Japanese collectivist culture and the individualist culture of the United States in regards to its marketing strategy. ANALYSIS Toyota’s key challenge is the fact that it is lacking an overall image in the minds of its consumers. Their consumers see them as a product rather than a company. For instance, the CEO has concluded, “no one knows who Toyota is, that it is a faceless organization and doesn’t have a human element in the eyes of the consumer.” This shows that its corporate identity is not currently designed to reflect the company’s leading position in terms of technology and image. Toyota’s second obstacle involves developing this corporate identity without diverting from its Japanese collectivist culture. This culture encourages conformity and group cohesion, while it discourages individually standing out; rather they are more uniform and homogeneous in nature. As such, defining your authentic self and broadcasting it tends to put the Japanese at risk of being separate from, rather than part of the group, which is where the challenge lies. The CEO wants its entire company, the “heroes,” to represent the “face” of the company, not just one single person serving as a representative, as the American individualist culture would. However, the consumers Toyota wants to target in its host country...
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