...SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL DEFENCE COLLEGE THABA TSHWANE THE CAUSES AND DYNAMICS OF CONFLICT IN CENTRAL AFRICA By Ms C. Auret November 2009 This research paper was written by a programme member attending the South African National Defence College in fulfilment of one of the requirements of the Executive National Security Programme 20/09. The paper is a scholastic document and this contains facts and opinions which the author alone considered appropriate and correct for subject. It does not necessarily reflect the opinion of any agency, including the South African Government or Department of Defence. This paper may not be released, quoted or copied except with the express permission of the Department of Defence. INDEX |HEADING |PAGE | | | | | | | |Abstract……………………………………………………………………………… |3 | |Introduction………………………………………………………………………….. |3 | |Historical Review of Conflict in Central Africa ……………………………...
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...murder case where Eddie Routh was convicted for the brutal murder of Chris Kyle, former Navy Seal, and his comrade Chad Littlefield. As the debate summary we decided to go with the pro side of the argument, which includes; Eddie Routh's history of mental disorders, how he fled the scene, and the sentence given to him for his murder charge. Not only did this topic make us have different opinions amongst each other, but made us open our minds to different views. Even though as a team we had our disagreements and different believes on the topic, we came together for the final decision of the debate. We believed that the murder trial of Chris Kyle was justly sentenced. Even though Eddie was facing a low point in his life we believe his alcohol abuse, violent behavior and strange conduct were contributing factors that led to his mental state. Living in a city with one of the biggest military bases in the country, we all in different ways are related to military personnel. Some of us personally know veterans with PTSD. It was discussed during our meetings that it normally takes more than a shooting range to trigger someone to relive those experiences that only veterans have experienced. We are devastated that this incident turned out the way it did, ending the life of not only the two veterans who were shot, but the life of their families as well. During our research of the topic, we learned more about who Chris Kyle was and how he was admired by many. His military career had ended...
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...Crisis in Darfur: An Educational Simulation July 10, 2009 U.S. Diplomacy Center Department of State PARTICIPANT BACKGROUND GUIDE INTRODUCTION: “CRISIS IN DARFUR” Whether the murder, rape, pillage, and displacement of tens of thousands in the Darfur region of Sudan is labeled a tragedy, or civil war, or ethnic cleansing, or genocide “in slow motion” 1, the world can’t ignore what is going on in western Sudan. According to the UN, over 2.1 million people are believed to have left their homes, and up to 70,000 have been killed. Other estimates put the death toll higher, up to 400,000. International media has only limited access due to the remoteness and instability in this vast region the size of France. So we don’t see all the day to day details of suffering as we did, for example, in late 1998 in Kosovo. Those images and reports helped trigger UN ultimatums and eventual NATO intervention in 1999. After the Holocaust, the world said “never again” should we stand by and watch while millions are slaughtered. After the Cambodian genocide of the 1970s, after the Rwandan genocide of 1994, and after the mass killings in Srebrenica in Bosnia in 1995, the world also stood by, and then said “never again.” And now we have Darfur. Thus Darfur can be seen as a profound test of the credibility of the international community: the United Nations, the international NGO community, the African Union, and citizens and governments around the world. Is there the will to act in Darfur or will we stand...
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...Country classification Data sources, country classifications and aggregation methodology The statistical annex contains a set of data that the World Economic Situation and Prospects (WESP) employs to delineate trends in various dimensions of the world economy. Data sources The annex was prepared by the Development Policy and Analysis Division (DPAD) of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat (UN/DESA). It is based on information obtained from the Statistics Division and the Population Division of UN/DESA, as well as from the five United Nations regional commissions, the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), and national and private sources. Estimates for the most recent years were made by DPAD in consultation with the regional commissions, UNCTAD, UNWTO and participants in Project LINK, an international collaborative research group for econometric modelling coordinated jointly by DPAD and the University of Toronto. Forecasts for 2014 and 2015 are primarily based on the World Economic Forecasting Model of DPAD, with support from Project LINK. Data presented in WESP may differ from those published by other organizations for a series of reasons, including differences in timing, sample composition and aggregation methods. Historical data may differ...
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...oriented motives for learning French who viewed SA as a languagelearning experience but not for participants with primarily pragmatic reasons for learning French and participating in SA. Implications of the study include the need for curricular intervention in student learning abroad. Key words: French, activity theory, learning motivation, second language learning, self-regulation, study abroad Introduction From the 1960s through the mid-1990s, research on study abroad (SA) largely supported the notion that it is an ideal means of learning a foreign language. Moreover, foreign language professionals often impart this view to students, typically based on their own successful if not life-transforming experiences (Kinginger, 2008). As Davidson (2007) explained, ‘‘[I]t has long been understood that language acquisition at the highest levels of proficiency is generally not possible without a substantial immersion experience’’ (p. 277). However, current trends in American students’ SA choices as well as insights from recent research revealing unsupported myths about SA may put some of the...
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...DHS WORKING PAPERS Utilization of HIV-Related Services from the Private Health Sector: A Multi-Country Analysis Wenjuan Wang Sara Sulzbach Susna De 2010 No. 67 February 2010 This document was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH RESEARCH The DHS Working Papers series is an unreviewed and unedited prepublication series of papers reporting on research in progress based on Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) data. This research was carried out with support provided by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) through the MEASURE DHS project (#GPO-C-00-03-00002-00). The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID, the United States Government, or the organizations to which the authors belong. MEASURE DHS assists countries worldwide in the collection and use of data to monitor and evaluate population, health, and nutrition programs. Additional information about the MEASURE DHS project can be obtained by contacting ICF Macro, Demographic and Health Research Division, 11785 Beltsville Drive, Suite 300, Calverton, MD 20705 (telephone: 301-572-0200; fax: 301-572-0999; e-mail: reports@macrointernational.com; internet: www.measuredhs.com). Utilization of HIV-Related Services from the Private Health Sector: A Multi-Country Analysis Wenjuan Wang1 Sara Sulzbach2 Susna De3 February 2010 Corresponding authors: Wenjuan Wang, International...
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...Running Header: CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY AND MARKETING STRATEGY Corporate Responsibility and Marketing Strategy Terrance Brinson Strayer University Contemporary Business 508 Dr. Jean Fonkoua April 28, 2014 Running Header: CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY AND MARKETING STRATEGY Abstract This paper examines the corporate responsibility and marketing strategies of Apple Corporation. Also, discussed in this paper are the challenges that Apple has faced with factory workers, and trying to balance social responsibility and corporate performance to continue to keep its competitive advantage over its competition. Apple has proven to be a benchmark in the electronic industry by brand recognition, producing several different products which include iPod and the MacBook. Apples marketing strategy is focused on providing the best consumer experience in the world. By investing heavily in education, Apple is also helping their workers learn new skills so that they can better understand their rights. With continuing efforts, you will see in this paper how Apple is trying to strengthen their programs to help suppliers protect their workers. Running Header: CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY AND MARKETING STRATEGY Introduction Apple is a multinational company that is headquartered in Cupertino, California, that designs, develops and sells consumer electronics, computer software and personal computers. Their best-known hardware products are the Mac line of computers, iPod media...
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...Running Header: CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY AND MARKETING STRATEGY Corporate Responsibility and Marketing Strategy Terrance Brinson Strayer University Contemporary Business 508 Dr. Jean Fonkoua April 28, 2014 Running Header: CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY AND MARKETING STRATEGY Abstract This paper examines the corporate responsibility and marketing strategies of Apple Corporation. Also, discussed in this paper are the challenges that Apple has faced with factory workers, and trying to balance social responsibility and corporate performance to continue to keep its competitive advantage over its competition. Apple has proven to be a benchmark in the electronic industry by brand recognition, producing several different products which include iPod and the MacBook. Apples marketing strategy is focused on providing the best consumer experience in the world. By investing heavily in education, Apple is also helping their workers learn new skills so that they can better understand their rights. With continuing efforts, you will see in this paper how Apple is trying to strengthen their programs to help suppliers protect their workers. Running Header: CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY AND MARKETING STRATEGY Introduction Apple is a multinational company that is headquartered in Cupertino, California, that designs, develops and sells consumer electronics, computer software and personal computers. Their best-known hardware products are the Mac line of computers, iPod media...
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...Developing Country Cases: Engaging the Private Sector Chad P. Bown† Brandeis University & The Brookings Institution May 2005 Abstract The poorest WTO member countries almost universally fail to engage as either complainants or interested third parties in formal dispute settlement activity related to their market access interests. This paper focuses on costs of the WTO’s extended litigation process as an explanation for the potential but “missing” developing country engagement. We provide a positive examination of the current system, and we catalogue and analyze a set of proposals encouraging the private sector to provide DSU-specific legal assistance to poor countries. We investigate the role of legal service centres, non-governmental organizations, development organizations, international trade litigators, economists, consumer organizations, and even law schools to provide poor countries with the missing services needed at critical stages of the WTO’s extended litigation process. In the absence of systemic rules reform, the publicprivate partnership model imposes a substantial cooperation burden on such groups as they organize export interests, estimate the size of improved market access payoffs, prioritize across potential cases, engage domestic governments, prepare legal briefs, assist in evidentiary discovery, and pursue the public relations effort required to induce foreign political compliance. JEL No. F13 Keywords: WTO, Dispute Settlement, Developing Countries Bernard...
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...International’s indices sponsored by Ernst & Young. 176 countries, 176 scores. How does your country measure up? Transparency International is the global civil society organization leading the fight against corruption. Through more than 90 chapters worldwide and an international secretariat in Berlin, we raise awareness of the damaging effects of corruption and work with partners in government, business and civil society to develop and implement effective measures to tackle it. www.transparency.org Every effort has been made to verify the accuracy of the information contained in this report. All information was believed to be correct as of December 2012. Nevertheless, Transparency International cannot accept responsibility for the consequences of its use for other purposes or in other contexts. ©2012 Transparency International. All rights reserved. Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index 2012 1 About the index Corruption can happen anywhere. When politicians put their own interests above those of the public. When officials demand money and favors from citizens for services that should be free. Corruption is not just an envelope filled with money though — these people make decisions that affect our lives. We know corruption is a problem around the world. But how bad is it and what can be done? The Corruption Perceptions Index measures the perceived levels of public sector corruption in countries worldwide. Based on...
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...use an assignment cover sheet as the first page of the word processor file. The assignment header should include the Learner’s last name, first initial, course code, dash, and assignment number (DoeJXXX0000-1) justified to the left and the page number justified to the right. Keep a Photocopy or Electronic Copy of Your Assignments: You may need to re-submit assignments if your mentor has indicated that you may or must do so. Academic Integrity: All work submitted in each course must be the Learner’s own. This includes all assignments, exams, term papers, and other projects required by the faculty mentor. The known submission of another person’s work represented as that of the Learner’s without properly citing the source of the work will be considered plagiarism and will result in an unsatisfactory grade for the work submitted or for the entire course, and may result in academic dismissal. | | MGT7019-8 | Dr. Chad McAllister | | | Foundations for Doctoral Study in Business | SIMMONSMGT7019-8-ASSGN#1 | | | All work submitted is original and my own intellectual property. I am open to guidance and instruction that enable me to achieve my educational goal of excellence. ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Faculty Use Only ------------------------------------------------- <Faculty comments here> ------------------------------------------------- ...
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...Participating Countries of the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Initiative for Economic Growth | Introduction: Economic growth is vital to any countries livelihood. Economic growth within a country affects every industry, market, and household. In 1996, the World Bank, International Monetary Fund, and several other small creditors created the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Initiative (HIPC) to help provide economic growth to poor and developing countries. The direct purpose of the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Initiative was to offer low interest loans and debt relief to countries that meet the criteria for the initiative. Countries would have to be selected by criteria, which included, a countries past economic growth, amount of debt, poverty rate, lack of development, with many other factors. In creation of the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Initiative, was in hopes that in could spur economic growth in development in many improvised nations. The Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Initiative has only invited thirty-nine countries to participate in the initiative since its creation. Africa has had the majority of the countries, while the rest were located in Southeast Asia, and the Middle East. The Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Initiative uses a two point system to meet the seven requirements the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank requires to receive debt relief. There are only two points that all participating countries in the Heavily Indebted Countries Initiative...
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...the proximate determinants of poverty in Kenya. What causes poverty is an important question when trying to explain poverty, but it is not one which can easily be answered. These causes can be grouped into ‘proximate’, ‘intermediate’ and ‘fundamental’ causes of poverty. The proximate cause is the ‘nearest cause’ in the chain of causation, ABCDE. The fundamental cause is what sets the chain of causation in motion. The fundamental cause of E is A, and B, C and D are intermediate causes (Rycroft 2009, p.232). In order to design a policy to reduce poverty, identifying the fundamental causes of poverty is essential. When explaining the fundamental determinant of poverty, the two main contenders that cause a difference in the prosperity of countries are geography and institutions (Acemoglu, as cited in Banerjee et al 2006, p19). The geography hypothesis...
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...World Bank: Roles and Responsibilities in Developing Countries Mathew Vettukallel Liberty University Business 606-B01 LUO Professor Dr. Joan Koonce October 11, 2013 Abstract This research paper will focus on how the World Bank has helped many third world counties to transition into developing nations. The mission of the World Bank is total elimination of poverty from the face of the earth by the year 2030 (www.worldbank.org). The World Bank has been helping many developing countries to fight against diseases such as AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria in many parts of the world (Clark, 2011). The World Bank is offering financial help for several programs to help with agriculture, transportation, infrastructure, and irrigation in many South Asian countries to reduce poverty. There has been so much controversy about the activities of the World Bank. Even though the main mission of the World Bank is to alleviate poverty from the face of the earth, there has been severe criticism that the World Bank is changing its focus to financial policy reforms and structural adjustments. The World Bank as an international financial institution has done so much to help numerous developing countries when they are in financial crisis or needed help to undertake a major development project. Regardless of the criticism and corruption accusations, this author believes that the World Bank is in the right direction by providing basic reforms and structural adjustments in order to alleviate...
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...Entrepreneurial Leadership Salednika McKenzie Contemporary Business October 28, 2012 Professor Rhonda Evans Strayer University Describe how Five Guys’ philosophy sets it apart from other fast food chains. Five Guy’s philosophy sets apart from other fast food chains because of their ideal burgers. “Five Guys goal is to sell the best quality burgers possible. To sell the best burgers possible they focus on quality, service, and cleanliness”. (Elan, 2007) When a customer leaves Five Guys the aim is for them to really find the products and services irresistible. The high quality food does all the talking. Another way they differ from other food chains is they don’t invest a lot into advertising. York (2009) points out that Five Guys’ invest in an intensive secret shopper program where restaurant crew members can earn additional pay by getting high scores from secret shoppers. Also, a wide variety of topping choices for their burgers is offered. Welch (2010) explains how they “prepare their fries by soaking them in water so that when the fries are pre-fried, the water boils forcing steam out of the fry”. While visiting Five Guy’s Burgers and fries for the first time back in 2003, during a brief conversation with the friendly cashier, I was amazed to find out that they use coolers instead of freezers. The truth is, I had never heard of that being done before in a restaurant. Another thought that I have that makes Five Guys’ different from other food...
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