...Identity theft is the crime of using someone else's personal information for self-gain. According to an article in USA Today, identity theft is surpassing traditional theft and is becoming the leading form of property crime (Anderson). The Federal Trade Commission estimates that more than 9 million individuals are victims of identity theft each year. The Justice Department puts the figure at more than 3.5 million households (Anderson). Anyone can become a victim of identity theft and it is not limited to the financial activities of one’s life. People’s identity is also stolen in order to commit criminal activities. Both activities are defined as fraud and are punishable by law if caught. Financial identity theft or fraud includes bank fraud, credit card fraud, computer and telecommunications fraud, social program fraud, tax refund fraud, and mail fraud. In fact, a total of 25 types of financial identity fraud are listed and investigated by the United States Secret Service (Obringer). In 1997, Secret Service agents made approximately 10,000 financial crime arrests which 94 percent involved identity theft (Obringer). Fifteen years later, Javelin Strategy & Research reports that over 12 million financial identity theft cases were reported (Javelin Strategy & Research). Other types of identity theft usually involve financial elements as well but are typically committed to fund some sort of criminal enterprise. Criminal activities include gaining...
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...years has led to the increase in new form of crime – cybercrime – throughout the world. Cybercrimes are responsible for the interruption of normal computer functions and have been known to cause the downfall of many companies. This research paper aims to discuss following aspects of cybercrimes: the definition, who they affect and some cybercrime prevention procedures. Broadly speaking, this report will display all necessary information helping people avoid being victims of cybercrimes. Table of contents ABSTRACT 1. Introduction 2. Discussion of findings 2.1. What are cybercrimes? 2.2. What are the effects of cybercrimes? 2.3.1. Potential economic impact 2.3.2. Impact on consumer trust 2.3.3. Impact on national security 2.3. How to prevent cybercrimes? 2. Conclusion REFERENCES 1. Introduction In our modern technology-driven age, keeping our personal information private is becoming more and more difficult. The truth is, highly classified details are becoming more available to public databases because we are more interconnected than ever. This creates a negative stigma that the use of technology is dangerous because practically anyone can access one’s private information for a price. Technology continues to promise to ease our daily lives, however, there are dangers of using technology. One of the main dangers of using technology is cybercrimes. Cybercrimes are any crimes that cause harm to another individuals by...
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...Cyber Crime Research Presentation by the Australian Institute of Criminology Dr Russell G Smith Principal Criminologist The Australian Institute of Criminology • Australia's national research and knowledge centre on crime and justice • Core funding from the Australian Government, with income for contract research from public and private sectors • Criminology Research Advisory Council representing all jurisdictions • Staff of 30 academic researchers and 25 support staff – total 55 Cyber crime research Research questions • • • • • • • • • • How are cyber crimes committed (e.g. credit cards, internet)? How many crimes are committed and what are the crime trends? Who commits them and why do people commit them? How much money is at stake, lost and recovered? How can such crime be reduced – by prevention or punishment? Online and desk-based reviews of books, reports and articles Legislative and case-law analysis, including sentencing research Consultations with business, government and the community Surveys of households, businesses, offenders and victims Analysis of media reporting of crime Research methods Dissemination of findings • Reports, books, articles, conference papers, roundtables, online, media Cyber crime concepts Organised Crime e.g. OMCGs Identity Crime Cyber Crime e.g. off-line crimes e.g. ID theft Internet Crime e.g. Offensive Content Phishing Financial Crime e.g. Home renovation scams A chronology of cyber crime Cloud...
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...Money Laundering 1. What is the deviance/crime, legally what level felony? The crime of money laundering is defined as a “financial transaction scheme that aims to conceal the identity, source, and destination of illicitly-obtained money” (Featherstone & Deflem, 471). It is a federal felony in the United States, for which the penalty is “…a fine of not more than $500,000 or twice the value of the property involved in the transaction, whichever is greater, or imprisonment for not more than twenty years, or both” (Laundering of Monetary Instruments). 2. Who is the victim(s)? In money laundering, there are a number of victims. The most direct victim is the financial institution through which the money passed, which is typically deceived by the money launderer as to the source of the money. The crime victimizes nations in a broader way by distorting national and global financial data. Inaccurate financial data can have many negative macroeconomic consequences, including inexplicable changes in money demand, risks to bank soundness, contamination effects on legal financial transactions, and increased unpredictability of international capital flows and exchange rates due to unanticipated cross-border asset transfers (fatf-gafi.org). 3. Is there a "typical" social background of the offender(s)? Are there any current trends . . . data issues? The typical money launderer is usually wealthy since the person or organization has a large, steady amount of excess money that needs...
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...Policy Analysis III- Compare and Contrast Paper Brandy Alston University of Phoenix Criminal Justice Management Theory and Practice CJA/464 Professor Leroy Hendrix October 10, 2013 Policy Analysis III- Compare and Contrast Paper The reason for policy analysis reflects around the assessment of policies from the government by critiquing the failures and successes. The United States implement several policies to deal with criminal activity and social issues, for instance The United States Human Trafficking Policy, this policy is not a successful one but this policy is steadily improving with sustainable reform. The criminal justice system practice the model of Packard’s Due Process, established with the promise form the United States Constitution for individuals civil liberties and rights. This paper will evaluate the issues that courts and law enforcement deals with while working and implementing prior polices. United States Human Trafficking Policy Human trafficking is a tough crime to identify, because of the existence and the transnational nature of an increasingly sophisticated arrangement in assisting organize crime. Trafficking in person is most productive agency in international crimes. According to the United States Justice Department (2001), International Labor Organization predicts that 17,500 individuals are trafficked annually in the United States. The United States had numerous legal advantages to stop human trafficking, mainly using...
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...July 25, 2013 Abstract Within this paper a report is written for the California Chief Attorney in efforts to support a presentation to the County Commission. Key components of victimology, history of victimology, theories, and differences between criminology and victimology are discussed. The flagstaff of safe houses for abused women and children, along with our nation’s first rape crises center are highlighted. The contribution from our history’s civil rights movement and how it has played a part in the U.S. laws are explained, along with children’s rights groups and the problems child victims face in the criminal justice system. In the conclusion of this paper, readers will be given a path to take in regards to advocacy groups for victims. Before we begin to understand the concept of victimology I feel it is important to first understand the definition of a victim, and the history in which victimology stems from. To be a victim means that you are a person who individually or collectively, has suffered harm, including physical or mental injury, emotional suffering, economic loss or substantial impairment of your fundamental rights, through acts or omissions that are in violation of criminal laws operative within member state, including those laws proscribing criminal abuse of power (UN Declaration 1985 on Basic Principles of Justice for Victims of Crime and Abuse of Power). Victimology stems from criminology, which is the study of crime as a social phenomenon, and is the science...
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...My paper will cover the topic of how to how control organized crime and not just in the United States of America but also abroad. This is a country and others are wrought with opportunities, but many would seek to use those opportunities improperly to illegal ends. The consequences of these criminals and their actions can be detrimental to the overall well-being of the general populace by introducing negative elements into the greater whole of society. For that reason, and many others, numerous agencies were created to police these crimes and the people who perpetrate them. Varying jurisdictions from local to federal are normally involved in the investigation and apprehension of these individuals. But before one can discuss the topic of how to control crime they must first have a clear definition of crime. In 59-50 BCE, a man by the name of Clodius led a Roman mob of infamous repute. He defied the government, engaged in assault, associated with several characters of ill repute, and even had connections in the Roman Senate to help him with political problems. This man even had a rival in criminal practices, Milo, with whom he struggled for a period of time before being killed by him. These and other historical accounts lead to the conclusion that the problem of organized crime is indeed an old one. It is also a very diverse problem made up of innumerable organizations. While the Mafia is the most recognizable form of organized crime in America there are many others as well...
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...Abstract In this paper I will be talking about the Chandlers police department sex crime unit. The history will be mentioned as well as the people that made a difference within the department. Also, I will be talking about the sex crime unit itself and the responsibilities that the detectives have. The sex offender notification program that they are in charge of will also be mentioned as well as the crimes against adults and the crimes against children that the detectives are responsible for. This paper will also define what sex crimes are and give several examples of different types of sex crimes. The sex crimes that are assigned to Chandlers Sex Crime Unit will also be said. Chandlers Police has conducted some investigation in sex crime cases and a couple of these will be motioned in this paper. I will describe some charts and statistics that I have found like rate and of crime in Chandler for crimes like rape, murder, and violent crimes. Chandler Police Sex Crime Unit The Chandler Police Department in Arizona is known to be one of the best police stations in the state. In November of 1914, Charles M. Beckham was elected as one of the first Constables. In 1923, the first City Hall was built and it was the new home for the Police Force/Jail, the Mayor’s office, City Clerk’s office, City Council Chambers and the Magistrate and his courtroom, (Health, 2005). During the 1970s, the second Police/Court facility was built and the Police and Fire Department were...
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...2015 James L. Smith Crime Reduction and Prevention Proposal Chicago is a major city with a huge amount of crime and this paper will address crime reduction and prevention in this particular city. It will also address other issues such as; assisting victims, preventing crime, and achieving effective justice. This paper will address the effect that criminological theories and research have had on contemporary and historical crime control policies in Chicago. It will include theoretical rationale for the recommendations that are suggested. Chicago needs more help in these areas because of the amount of crime they are seeing. Victim assistance programs are well organized and widely available to the public of Chicago. The number of programs varies from domestic violence to identity theft. There are specific programs for every individual affected by crime. The Illinois Attorney General Lisa Madigan has created and made the priority of victim assistance a key service to not only victims but to responder’s as well. In assuring that the right training is given to each field in order to assist victims appropriately. Programs and Trainings available to the people of Illinois According to the Attorney General • The Illinois Crime Victim Compensation Program (Direct financial assistance to innocent victims of violent crimes) • The Domestic Violence Fund (legal assistance funding, legal services to victims of domestic violence) • The Violent Crime Victim Assistance (VCVA) Program...
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...Identity Theft Abstract This research paper will examine what is known about identity theft. The paper begins with defining the crime and its background, followed by a review of the patterns and incidences of identity theft. This review will include data on the extent and costs of this crime. Discussion will then focus on victims and perpetrators of identity theft. Common techniques used by identity thieves will be explored along with tips to protect consumers and businesses from having their identities stolen or data breached. Legislation in place to prevent and prosecute identity theft will be discussed. How to report identity theft is also explained. Defining Identity Theft The U.S. Department of Justice defines identity theft, also called identity fraud, as “all types of crime in which someone wrongfully obtains and uses another person’s personal data in some way that involves fraud or deception, typically for economic gain” (U.S. Department of Justice, 2015). Identity thieves use personal data such as Social Security numbers, bank account or credit card numbers to personally profit at the victim’s expense. These breaches allow thieves to take funds out of bank accounts or in the worst cases, take over a victim’s identity completely, running up huge debts and committing crimes using the victim’s name. Victims not only suffer the out-of-pocket financial losses, but they may have to rebuild their reputation in the community due...
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...Minors Tried as Adults The topic chosen for further research is should the minors who commit crime be tried as adults? The topic is interesting and current, and affect our society every day. A fourteen years old commits a crime, depending on the seriousness of the offence, that child should be tried as an adult. People need to be responsible for their actions. Youths who commit crimes is grown enough to do the crime, so they are grown enough to take the responsibility for their actions. It is unfair, not only to adults, but also to society, to be punished for having minors commit crimes and get away with it. If child want to start acting like adults, they should be treated as one. This paper will discuss the fact that minors who commit crimes should be punished the same way as adults. We see on the news how often minors who have committed horrible crimes are given leniency because of their age. The action of the minors today will affect our future, and if our society, schools, courts, justice system allow anyone, no matter of the age to get away with criminal activity, then the same crimes will be repeated over and over again. There are different crimes, a different people and different intention for committing crimes. Minors needed to be protected by laws, changes, and sentenced accordingly, but, also they need to be punished by the same reasons. Before the Progressive Era, kids who committed a crimes were imprisoned as adults. That is how is been made the historical...
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...of people’s lives as well as deprived her of the pleasure of living.” These words come from the daughter of the victim, Rebecca Patton, who was shot execution style seven times because of a botched ransom attempt. How many times do you think Rebecca Patton pleaded for her life before she was shot and killed by her murderer? Should the court exercise mercy on the defendant because he now “understands” what he has done and regrets his decisions? Should the convicted killer be given the opportunity to live his life behind bars with the ability to visit with family, make friends, play sports, and/or educate himself even though he intentionally took those very things away from another individual? In an effort to explain why the death penalty is justifiable and civil I will be providing the pro arguments to the death penalty based on its justifiableness and morality. I will also examine the death penalty as a civilized punishment for mankind and why it is appropriate to exercise. The case that I noted above took place in the state of Texas and the verdict of the case was to execute Lesley Gosch, the defendant, for the crimes he committed. The execution of this criminal seems both justifiable and civil in this case due to its uniqueness. The victim in the case became part of a ransom plot that included threatening her life in order to force her husband to acquire funds for the murderer. Unfortunately, something in the home caused Lesley Gosch to shoot and kill Rebecca Patton even...
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...UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND UNIVERSITY COLLEGE | The Impact of Cybercrimes on Organization Supply Chains | ASCM 630 Research Paper | TurnItIn Originality Score: 27% | April Dorsey | 4/1/2012 | The paper must follow APA format, be written on an approved topic related to the course, and include discussion of how the topic relates to Acquisition and Supply Chain Management. The paper must list and discuss a minimum of 10 scholarly references (other than websites and the textbook) with at least 5 references that are scholarly journal articles on the topic from UMUC’s online library databases. | ABSTRACT This paper will discuss the impact of cyber crimes on organization supply chain functions, and steps taken to improve supply chain security. Cyber crimes include, but are not limited to, piracy, implanting viruses, netspionage, and credit card fraud. During these times, it is getting easier and easier for computer hackers and frauds to gain access to confidential information from anybody. It could be passwords and social security numbers of individuals, to databases and network systems of large corporations. For businesses, the main supply chain areas at risk are the processes and controls for various departments, such as human resources, finance and accounting, procurement, and marketing. One of the processes at bigger risk is procurement. Majority of companies use other businesses outside their own, like manufacturers and distributors, as part of their purchasing...
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...Scheme Brent Casebolt Keller Graduate School of Management Abstract This paper explores seven published articles that report on the story of Bernard Madoff. These articles were the results of research conducted on the internet and include well known publications and authors throughout the United States. Some articles paint a picture of the timeline that brought Bernie Madoff to his ultimate demise. From humble beginnings to Federal prisoner in North Carolina, the story is full of interesting facts and unbelievable occurrences. Other articles bring to life the sad story of other players involved in the Ponzi scheme. While others lay out in great detail the failings of our own government to put Bernie Madoff away much sooner than he was. Finally, this paper will explore the role of digital evidence in this Ponzi scheme and the simplicity of computer hardware and software involved. Bernie Madoff: The Makings of a Ponzi Scheme Bernie Madoff has been one of the most interesting and controversial figures in all of American financial industry history. In this paper, I will take you on a journey from his early childhood to his current status as a Federal prisoner in North Carolina. I will discuss all of the major players involved in the Ponzi scheme, the SEC’s failure to catch him on numerous occasions, and the digital evidence that he did or did not leave behind during his life of crime. After examining all of the above, I hope to piece together why Bernie Madoff...
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...aware of the global threats that await the consumer and business it we are not prepared and educated. One of the fastest crime in the United States and all over the world is cybercrime. What is exactly cybercrime? According to the book Scene of the Cybercrime author Michael Cross defines it as a broad and generic term that refers to crimes committed using computers and the Internet, and can generally be defined as a subcategory of computer crime. It can be also said that cybercrime can lead to criminal offenses committed using the internet or another computer network as a tool of the crime (Cross, 2008). According to the Computer Security Institute's Computer Crime and Security Survey for 2007, 494 computer security professionals in the United States corporations, government agencies, universities, and financial medical institutions reported that computer fraud was the greatest source of financial losses, with losses resulting from virus attacks falling into second place for the first time in seven years. In addition to this, 29 percent of the organizations suffered a computer intrusion that they reported to law enforcement (www.gocsi.com). According to the Cyber snitch Voluntary Online Crime Reporting System, the most reported Internet related crime is child pornography, with other crimes ranging from desktop forgery to such potentially violent crimes as electronic stalking and terrorist threats. (Cybersnitch Web Site). (Mitnick & Simon, 2002). According to the website...
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