...consumers feel and think the same way. For example, consumers in Hong Kong have different historical and cultural views than Mainland China, although they may have similar cultural values (Weber, 2002). Consumers within these two regions may have different preferences and environmental standards. The same could be said for Japan. Therefore, when marketers are trying to enter other regions they must understand the region’s culture and behavior toward a product or service. Marketers must also understand demand factors of that region, such as economic and social. Case one: Japan to Apple’s iPhone: “No Thanks!” Although technology is used all over the world, different countries can provide many challenges when trying to introduce new technologies to them. Apple found this out when trying to introduce the iPhone in Japan. According to Frommer (2010), reasons the iPhone was not successful in Japan was because Apple failed to understand what the Japanese consumer expected of an iPhone and the competitive marketplace. Although the iPhone is successful in the United States, many consumers in Japan believe the phone’s technology is old and inadequate. Some Japanese consumers also believed that the iPhone did not look good and the network subscriptions were too expensive (Chen, 2010). Japanese consumers believe that the technology and many of the iPhone’s features are inadequate because Japan has already had the technology and features for more than two years (Chen, 2010). According to Frommer...
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...the world who wish to broaden their business to expand to foreign markets. Thus, companies expanding internationally must consider the environment in their new country. There is no better way to explore said environment than by conducting marketing research in the area so as to formulate the most appropriate marketing strategies. Nevertheless, companies entering a new market still encounter difficulties even if they employ a marketing strategy because they make several critical mistakes in their marketing. Be it cultural misunderstandings, systemic political differences, or a poor understanding of the market conditions in a given country, marketing mistakes damage a company’s ability to enter (Ghauri and Cateora, 2010). While political differences or a poor understanding of the market strongly impact success in a foreign market, the slightly larger issue that multinational corporations encounter are due to cultural misunderstandings. However, the impact that cultural misunderstandings have on success in a foreign market is dependent on the industry in question. In some industries, international marketing mistakes can often be rooted in the lack of understanding of different cultures such as the aspects buying behavior and product preference. Take the retail industry for example, since the purchasing behavior of customers varies by region, foreign retailers might usually make marketing mistakes due to insufficient knowledge of a given region’s preferences. Tesco, one of the biggest...
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...To date, the majority of instructional communication research has been done in the United States, which largely represents the Anglo culture (McCroskey & McCroskey, 2006). Studies show instructional behavior is effective in raising students’ perceived cognitive learning and motivation in the US (Ellis, 2000). However, whether these teaching behaviors can be transferred from the US to other cultures is unclear. Several teaching behaviors studied in instructional communication lead to different results based on cultural contexts (Zhang & Oetzel, 2006). Teacher confirmation is an instructional behavior that helps students’ perceived learning in the classroom (Ellis, 2000). Goodboy and Myers (2008) affirmed a positive relationship between...
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...Ricci 622624 Word Count: 2018 Why do we sometimes refer to the events of 1868 in Japan as a 'restoration', but to those of the years following 1911 in China as 'revolutions'? Introduction The Meiji Restoration of 1868 in Japan and the Chinese Revolution of 1911 were responsible for producing an enormous amount of upheaval in both countries. Both nations were immersed in social, political and economic backwardness. In this context, both political episodes should be construed as an attempt to reverse decline and set the course for modernization. The main thesis of this essay is based on the notion that whilst there are some similarities between both political events, the main difference resides in the fact that the Meiji Restoration began the centralization of the mechanisms of governance and induced the social and economic modernization of the country. At the same time, the Chinese Revolution of 1911 did not succeed in engendering a sound system of government capable of reversing the country’s decline. The first part of the essay will deal with the main characteristics of the Meiji restoration of 1868. The second section of the essay will outline the main features pertaining to the Chinese Revolution of 1911. The third part of the essay will examine the similarities and differences between these two events, with the ultimate purpose of determining the qualitative differentiation to be made between the concepts of “restoration” and “revolutions”. The main characteristics of the...
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...different. When doing business with other countries it is a real gullible state of mind to think that all people in all places all have the same behaviors and ways of doing things. People should not be confused or taken for granted because they wear the same designer jeans, name brand shoes, or even speak the same language as they do. Same scenario when doing business, even more so if that business is to be done in another country or with someone with a different cultural background. Things such as higher levels of sensitivity, being more detail oriented or simple differences like their patterns of behavior can make a huge difference in some other culture (Drew, 2013). If you want to succeed in the cross-cultural business world of negotiations you must completely understand others, and using that knowledge to your advantage to recognize the desires of all parties involved; and then develop a situation that becomes a win-win setting for everyone involved. It is wise to keep in mind, that when doing cross-cultural business, the methods or approaches of the domestic could be different and may not apply if they are not culturally accepted by the other party (Drew, 2013). Some of the most common things you should know before negotiating business with another culture are as follows:...
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...companies of the last decade is advertising and selling its technology. Google’s advertising branch is called AdWords and allows those wishing to advertise to “create ads and choose keywords, which are words or phrases related to the business. When people search on Google using keywords, ads appear next to or above search results” (Google.com). With the rapid success experienced in the U.S., Google quickly grew their business into the global arena by offering search results in hundreds of languages and being available on hundreds of different domains. This expansion helped to significantly increase Google’s revenues and made its IPO launch in 2004 possible. As Google began to dominate search engine market share in France, Germany, and Japan, it created concern and ultimately distrust of the U.S. domination that was taking place in their countries. This distrust led to lawsuits on the grounds of copyright infringement by multiple companies in France who were ultimately successful in the...
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...When asked to describe the differences between late Japan and China it is likely that a great deal of people will prove unable to name major defining attributes that separate the two neighboring countries in their respective cultures. While Japan and China are very similar in some ways, and throughout history have been known to borrow everything from ideologies to cuisine from each other, it is important to note that there is an insurmountable amount of differences between the two countries across the board. This essay will be focused on addressing some of these major differences within the art of the countries during their later periods starting with the Ming Dynasty of China and the Muromachi period of Japan. It was under the Ming Dynasty,...
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...the early Chinese dynasties and ancient Japan, we can see that China was the leading and more dominant country of the two and that the Japanese copied the Chinese nature in quite a few ways. The heaviest influences China had on Japan were intellectual and technological. Although China never actually conquered Japan, the Japanese accepted Chinas hegemony actively and enthusiastically. (Spodek 232)This was quite unlike the Vietnamese whom were conquered by China, but resented foreign hegemony, possibly because they thought it was disturbing their country’s individualism. Japan attempted to model its state religion, technology, art, and language after those of China. (Spodek 232) It was almost like Japan was China’s number one fan and wanted to mimic their every move. When waves of immigrants from Korea and China arrived in Japan between 200B.C.E. and 500 C.E. about one third of all Japan’s population claimed they were Korean or Chinese. (Spodek 233) Japanese rulers were so fond of China, they sent delegations of hundreds of members...
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...credits) – Spring 2008 International Business and Entrepreneurship – MIMA Program School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology Abstract Date June 4, 2008 Level Master Thesis EFO705, 10 points (15 credits) Authors Wannapa Chaletanone (05-11-1982, Thailand) Wanee Cheancharadpong (03-09-1983, Thailand) Title Internationalization of IKEA in the Japanese and Chinese markets Supervisor Leif Linnskog Problems Why did IKEA internationalize into Japanese and Chinese markets? And what factors did influence IKEA’s success in Chinese market but failure in the Japanese market of the first round? Purpose The aim of thesis is to understand the internationalization of IKEA in Asia by comparing between Japanese and Chinese markets. Method This master thesis based on qualitative approach in order to investigate the internationalization of IKEA in Asian markets as a case study since it is beneficial in understanding the observation and explanation of behavior in the certain cases. Conclusion IKEA is considered as retailer internationalization who expands into Japanese market as a result of deregulation and asset-based advantage while internationalize into Chinese market because of supporting environments such as political, social and economic conditions as well as transaction advantage. To success and failure, psychic distance and learning, strategic decision making process, degree of adaptation of retail offer, entry...
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...is no different from the study of domestic business. Thus, there is no point in having a separate course on international business.” Evaluate that statement. Introduction The study of international business is more mind boggling than the study of domestic business. After mulling over the question for some time, I figured out that there is definitely some contrast between a domestic and international business. The difference between the businesses is that, International business is the exchange of goods and services across national borders whilst, Domestic business conducts commercial activities within the borders of the home country. Thus, after learning about the definition of both of them I can say that I do not agree with the statement. Therefore, in these following paragraphs, I will be discussing the differences between studying International business and Domestic business with the aid of two examples. Body When one travels from their home country to another foreign land, he/she do lots of planning. Example, he/she looks for the places to go, what is the currency difference, what is their cultural norms, what is their national language, do the locals converse in English, what is the country’s rules and regulations, and others. In the same way, when we are doing business with a foreign country we need to consider matters like the above. Hence, International business possess a much higher and complex level of risk as compared to Domestic business. New skills and knowledge...
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...Research Proposal (Ⅰ) Proposed Title (Ⅱ) Introduction (Ⅲ) Brief Literature Review ·Political, Economic and EMJOS ·Cross-cultural and EMJOS ·Gender and EMJOS (Ⅳ)Methodology ·Pilot and Measurement ·Questionnaires ·Individual Interviews ·Comparative Analysis ·Statistic Analysis (Ⅴ)Proposal Research Time-Table (Ⅵ)References (Ⅶ)Appendix (Ⅰ) Proposed Title The Discussion of Education Migration in Metropolises—Based on Japanese Overseas Students (Ⅱ) Introduction The problem of Education Migration has been becoming an international tendency globally in recent years, especially the Japanese Overseas Students (JOS), particularly in metropolises (this research includes three metropolises: Tianjin, Shanghai and Hong Kong). According to current official statistics, the number of Japanese Overseas Students with a bachelor’s degree at above studying in Tianjin (TJ) accounted for 1,906, 1,681, and 1,971 respectively in 2010, 2011, and 2012, dramatically doubling that of a decade ago. As a result of the above situations, I could not help coming up with the questions like why they are primarily female students and what education migration of Japanese Overseas Students (EMJOS) could bring to the political, economic and cross-cultural aspects of TJ society as well as what attitude we should harbour towards this trend (Appendix 1). I will compare EMJOS with two other metropolises in order to make...
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...Introduction to the case 2 2 Critically and systematically analyse the global strategic advantages of IKEA 3 2.1 Branding , designer appeal 3 2.2 Critical mass, low cost, low price 3 2.3 Quality, green credentials 3 2.4 Global appeal, local sensitivity 3 3 What were the key challenges that IKEA faced in a) China and b) Japan? 4 3.1 Key challenges faced by IKEA in China 4 3.1.1 Cultural 4 3.1.2 Structural 4 3.2 Key challenges faced by IKEA in Japan 4 4 Critically discuss the marketing strategies used to address the challenges the company faced in China and in other markets. 6 4.1 China 6 4.2 Other markets 7 5 Discuss and justify what IKEA’s marketing strategies should be in the future in these two markets. 8 5.1 China 8 5.2 Japan 8 6 Conclusions 9 7 Bibliography 10 1 Introduction to the case From humble origins in the woods of Sweden in 1926, IKEA has developed into a major retail experience in 41 countries / territories around the world, with a current turnover of €23.1 Billion (IKEA, 2010). This case study explores the establishment and development of IKEA’s retail ventures in China and Japan – its first moves outside westernised countries and its first significant retail activity in Asia, despite substantial sourcing activity in the region, and discusses how IKEA might continue its market development in these territories. 2 Critically and systematically analyse the global strategic advantages of IKEA. ...
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...Google, the world biggest profitable company, has its revolutionary business strategies. These business models help Google to achieve success all over the world in past decades. However, recently Google also faces the dilemma that some countries are not welcome them on the pretext of national security. This essay will first introduce the business strategies of Google, and then examine the threats that Google faces from some countries and local competitors such as Baidu in China. After analyzing, it will finally provide some suggestions for Google to secure the dominance in these countries and gives a conclusion. To some extent, the minority is concerned about how a search engine works and makes money, which actually plays an important role in the process of operating a search engine corporation like Google. It is obviously that a search engine depends on “search”. Google used Pagerank technology to reveal results by not only looking for keywords inside webpages, but also estimating the value of a search result based on the number and popularity of other sites that linked to the page. There are no hand-editing of the outcomes for the reason that the search results. In addition, Google is dissatisfied with the status quo. It keeps perfecting its technique to make the search result more accurate and relevant. It is a prevailing phenomenon that most search engine is running the paid inclusion pattern, but Google is an exception. But then again, Google is not a charity organization...
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... | | | |SECTION: ASIAN AGENCIES, Pg. 31 | | | |LENGTH: 1218 words | | | |The difference in the business cultures of Asia and the West can take time to get used to for new staff. Vicki Rothrock | |considers the East-West divide | |A big presentation is looming. The manager gathers his team together for an old-fashioned brainstorming session in the | |boardroom. Once everyone gets settled, though, he...
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...However, entry into foreign market does not come without risks and costs that resulted from barriers created by distance. The CAGE Framework of distance by Ghemawat explained distance as 4 main attributes – Cultural, Administrative, Geographic, Economic.1 To address these risks and costs, it is crucial to first assess the extent and type of differences between the USA market and the United Kingdom market. Amazon’s entry into United Kingdom (UK) can be attributed to minimal distance and various similarities, which allowed Amazon to significantly reduce risks and costs. Primarily, the UK market has a lot of similarities to the US market in terms of cultural, administrative and economic distance. UK has the second most number of native English speakers (60 million), after US (231 million), and is also the place where English was first spoken. Since books were the primary products sold by Amazon, the similarity in language made it extremely ideal for Amazon to target the UK market. Moreover, the GDP Per Capita of US and UK were not significantly different, with US having a GDP Per Capita of $32,949 and UK’s GDP Per Capita being $26,144 in 1998. Gini Index, unemployment rates and inflation rates of UK and US also showed minimal differences.2 These depicts the similarities between UK and US in...
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