...Living in the Age of Cyber Attacks and Cyber Warfare UMUC If you asked the average person on the street about cybersecurity and cyber warfare, they would probably say they don’t know much about it other than the fact that it involves computers. In fact, for anyone outside of the cybersecurity industry, the closest thing to cyber warfare that they may have experienced was their viewing of the movie War Games, or the fourth installment of the Die Hard series, Live Free or Die Hard. While those movies had a profound impact on the lives of the characters in the script, the audience probably thought it was merely fiction, not fully based on fact. In Live Free or Die Hard, John McClain (played by the indefatigable Bruce Willis) is attempting to stop a domestic cyber-terrorist who is acting out on a vendetta against the United States. The cyber-terrorist is successful in launching an online attack to overload and destroy a power grid that left much of America’s East Coast in darkness. When I first saw this movie, I was curious if an attack like that was really possible; however, most people around me just labeled the movie as “Hollywood’s overactive imagination”. With cyber attacks literally having the ability to affect lives in a nanosecond, it is vital that everyone understand what cyber attacks entail, the impact of these cyber attacks on a domestic and international scale, and knowing what to expect in the future while living in a world dominated by virtual experiences...
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...Corporate/Cyber Espionage You’re the owner of ABC Candy Company and just about to debut your latest and greatest chocolate snack when your biggest rival over in Asia at XYZ Candies introduces its latest snack, that is almost a doppelganger to yours. Have you just been a victim to corporate cyber espionage or just extremely bad timing? In 2012 federal agencies alone reported 46,562 cyber security incidents compared to only 5,503 in 2006. In 6 years the number of incidents has multiplied over 8 times. (LUKAS, 2013) And what is the cost of this to companies in the U.S.? It is figured the price tag for this theft of information is at least 250 Billion dollars each year. This is significantly higher than what businesses pay each year, in federal corporate income taxes. (LUKAS, 2013) Meanwhile, McAfee provides an estimate encompassing global remediation costs to total a staggering $1 trillion per annum. (Paganini, 2013) Cyber corporate espionage attacks and threatens corporate America, government programs and individuals daily in new and unrelenting ways. But who is committing these attacks and why? How are individuals, groups, companies and even governments’ gaining access to supposed secure information? And how are you and corporate America going to detect and remove these threats from your daily lives? Let’s first start with just the basic definition of just what is corporate cyber espionage Cyber espionage is defined as the intentional use of computers or digital communications...
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...2011 Cyber Bullying StopCyberbullying.org, an expert group on internet safety defines cyber bullying as: "a situation when a child, tween or teen is repeatedly 'tormented, threatened, harassed, humiliated, embarrassed or otherwise targeted' by another child or teenager using text messaging, email, instant messaging or any other type of digital technology.” It has to have a minor on both sides, or at least have been initiated by a child against another child. Once adults become involved, it is cyber harassment or cyber stalking. Adult cyber harassment or cyber stalking is never called cyber bullying. The way a child does this bullying is only limited by their imagination and their access to technology, and the cyber bully one moment could become the victim the next. It has been suggested by the BBC that cyber-bullying may be influenced by videos that are uploaded to video sharing websites online, which contain offensive content or examples of acts of bullying. Websites that currently do not filter such videos, such as YouTube, have been asked to take legal action against videos of people being attacked, harassed or ridiculed, in order to reduce cyber bullying as a result. The kids often change roles, going from victim to bully and back again. Cyber bullying is usually not a one-time thing, unless it includes a death threat or a threat that would do serious bodily harm. Children have even killed each other and committed suicide after being involved in a cyber bullying...
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...examples of each. The author will also point out which category of computer crime is currently the most prevalent and why he believes this to be so. And finally, the author will try to point out what he believes the criminal justice system can improve upon to better combat cyber crime. The first category of computer crime is the computer as a target. This type of cyber-crime requires a level of technical knowledge from its perpetrators. Cyber-crime is relatively new, however, has been in existence since the implementation of computers in mainstream society. This could be a general explanation as to why and how unprepared society and the world are towards fighting these types of crimes [ (Joseph, 2006) ]. There are numerous crimes of this nature being committed on a daily basis. Examples of cyber-crime where the computer itself is the target include things like data alteration, denial of network access, theft of information, denial of service, and vandalism. The next category that the author would like to point out is the computer as an instrument of a crime. What this means is that the computer is used to profit with some other criminal activity in mind. Some examples of this are general theft, theft of service, fraud, and threats and/or harassment [ (Taylor, Fritsch, Liederbach, & Holt, 2011) ]. The implementation of computers as a criminal tool or device to obtain information to be used in a criminal manner increases yearly. Criminals use computers to store data relating...
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...corporate world. Some of the corporations Mitnick was able to access was companies like Sun Microsystems, Digital Equipment Corporation, Motorola, Netcom, and Nokia. He had also had a go with the wiretapping of the FBI, as well as hacking into the Department of Defense’s North American Aerospace Defense control, also known as NORAD. The definition of the computer as an instrument of crime is using the computer as the instrument of committing a crime. An example of instruments to a crime is a burglar breaking into your home with a crowbar, lock pick, and or a hammer. These tools are similar .to the cyber-criminal using computers and networks for committing crimes such as theft, theft of services, fraud, exploitation, and threats or harassment. As we all know theft is defined as the taking of property with the intent to permanently depriving the owner of the property or service. This is what a cyber- criminal does to unsuspecting victims as he hacks into someone's computers and networks. An example of computer as incidental to a crime is a pattern or incident of criminality uses a computer assembly for ease in maintaining the efficacy of...
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...Operation High Roller CSIA 301 November 23, 2014 New forms of cyber crime continue to come up all the time. Technology has aided the theft of money from bank accounts from banks from all over the world and one such cyber attack was Operation High Roller a cyber attack that targeted corporate bank accounts. According to The Wall Street Journal, these attacks which began in Europe spread to Latin America and even the United States (Booker 2012). The attackers did fraudulent transfer of money from accounts belonging to financial institutions. For instance, in the United States, the victims of the attack were companies whose commercial accounts had a minimum of several million dollars. The attackers sent SpyEye and Zeus software to hack computers that were infected with malware. This cyber attack has an extensive network and automation which interacts with serves that are used by their target victims. But much of the transactions are carried out in the servers used by the criminals. Two security firms, McAFee and Gurdian Analytic (Business Insider) were behind this discovery and they realized that there was no human participation required in the transactions. All the criminals needed were insider understanding of the goings on in the banking industry transaction systems. They then developed commercial and custom codes which they maliciously used to siphon millions of dollars into their virtual accounts. About sixty serves were identified as the ones used in making attempted...
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...This means when the computer itself is a target, the attacker is trying to deny the legitimate user of the system access to his or her data or computer (Taylor, et al., 2015). The intruder targets the server and can cause harm to the network owners or the operation of their company (Taylor, et al., 2015). An example in this category would be the alteration of data. The enemy could attack the useful information that is stored or processed by the computer, which could alter decisions made by the company or could directly impact the user by changing their records (Taylor, et al., 2015). Next, there is the category pertaining to using the computer as an instrument of a crime. This means the computer is used to commit a crime, such as theft, theft of service, fraud, exploitation, and threats or harassment (Taylor et al., 2015). A detailed example would be shopping cart fraud. Shopping cart fraud is an example of consumer fraud against a business. When the attacker selects his...
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...Justice Resource Manual, computer crime is “any illegal act for which knowledge of computer technology is essential for successful prosecution” (Computer Crimes, 2015). There are many types of computer crimes but the four main ones consist of: Internal computer crimes (viruses), telecommunications crimes (hacking), computer manipulation crimes (embezzlement & fraud), and traditional theft of hardware and software. The most common forms of digital crime are theft, identity theft, hacking, stalking, and malicious files and software (Laura, 2015). These crimes are called Cyber Crimes. They are on the rise due to the fact that people today take care of all their business online. Individuals are always on the go so using their smart devices is a normal for handling personal, financial, and other business. Theft occurs a lot online when individuals infringe upon another’s person copyrighted materials. Individuals steal the material and sell it as their own without the permission of the owner (Laura, 2015). Identity theft is one of the most horrific types of Cyber Crimes. Through identity theft, victims face financial losses and gain a ruined reputation. If the criminal is good, they are able to access an individual’s bank account information, credit and debit card numbers, Social Security Information and many times they are never caught (Laura, 2015). Hackers are individuals who are able to access another individual’s personal information through the internet. This can be...
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...Assignment 1: Digital Computer Crime Information Technology in Criminal Justice Lashavia Davis Strayer University Professor Marina Stakic February 4, 2015 Computer crimes refer to any crime that involves a computer and a network, where unauthorized use of the computers where it may or may not have played an instrumental part in committing the crime. Computer crimes have a broad range of potentially illegal activities. It may be divided into one of two types of categories, “crimes that target computer networks or devices directly, and crimes facilitated by computer networks or devices, the primary target of which is independent of the computer network or device.’” Which we have four major categories that fit inside one of two types of categories; the computer as a target, the computer as Instrument of the crime, the computer as incidental to crime and crimes associated with the prevalence of computer. This computer crime used the computer as the target by accesses the operating program as the system’s manager, then deny the legitimate user or owner of the system access to his or her date or computer. When committing this crime we have four sub categories that the hacker may fall under, a network intruder who target the server and may cause harm to the network owners or the operation of their business, date alteration that directly targets the computer by attacking the useful information stored or processed by computer, malicious network...
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...cyber crime Michelle Robinson Professor Renee Berry Crime and Criminal Behavior April 15, 2016 | | cyber crime Michelle Robinson Professor Renee Berry Crime and Criminal Behavior April 15, 2016 | | One of the newest areas of crime is what we call computer crime. The, anonymity of computer technologies may actually encourage some people who would not otherwise be tempted to commit crimes to do so using the Internet. They may simply believe that they will never be caught, or they may not think about being caught at all. They may simply find the lure of committing virtual crimes too psychologically appealing to resist. Many of those who commit crimes on the Internet are in fact psychologically disturbed and need compassionate treatment by psychiatric professionals. However, this does not lessen the real harm that they can do to people and they must be stopped. Combating the global computer crime pandemic is becoming an increasingly urgent issue, as identity theft and spyware are occurring with alarming frequency. Early instances of computer crime found individuals, corporations and law enforcement unprepared...
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...Computer Crimes Computer Crimes Computer Crimes Advances in telecommunications and in computer technology have brought us to the information revolution. The rapid advancement of the telephone, cable, satellite and computer networks, combined with the help of technological breakthroughs in computer processing speed, and information storage, has lead us to the latest revolution, and also the newest style of crime, "computer crime". The following information will provide you with evidence that without reasonable doubt, computer crime is on the increase in the following areas: hackers, hardware theft, software piracy and the information highway. This information is gathered from expert sources such as researchers, journalists, and others involved in the field. Computer crimes are often heard a lot about in the news. When you ask someone why he/she robbed banks, they world replied, "Because that's where the money is." Today's criminals have learned where the money is. Instead of settling for a few thousand dollars in a bank robbery, those with enough computer knowledge can walk away from a computer crime with many millions. The National Computer Crimes Squad estimates that between 85 and 97 percent of computer crimes are not even detected. Fewer than 10 percent of all computer crimes are reported this is mainly because organizations fear that their employees, clients, and stockholders will lose faith in them if they admit that their computers have been attacked. And...
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...Cybercrime Gabriela Peralta and James Walton CJA/204 April 5th, 2015 Robert Quesada Cybercrime The dark side of new technologies, as far as the justice system is concerned, is the potential they create for committing old crimes in new ways or for committing new crimes never before imagined; one of these ways is Cybercrime. Cybercrime is act of crime when using a computer and the Internet. Cybercrime, or computer crime, focuses on the information stored in electronic media, which is why it is sometimes referred to as information technology crime or info crime. This can be anything from downloading illegal music file to stealing money from online bank accounts. Cybercrime can also include non-monetary offenses, such as creating and distributing viruses on other computers or posting business information on the Internet that is meant to be confidential. There is no boundaries or jurisdictions when it comes to cybercrime ŞTEFAN, I. (2011). Below is three known cybercrimes though there are many more cybercrimes in the past and the future these are just a few. This cybercrime is considered being the biggest attack in US history. Five hackers hacked into companies like NASDAQ, Visa Inc., J.C. Penny Co, Jet blue airways Co, and Carrefour SA. They caused over 300 million to these companies. The hackers primarily wanted to steal and sale the 160 credit card numbers they stole from the companies. Authorities say each man had their own role, two hacked networks, another mined...
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...Studies indicate that cyber-bullying incidents have quadrupled in past five years (Ross). Cyber-bullying has become a huge issue recently. Every time you turn on the news there is another bullying, or a suicide related to bullying, incident being reported. “Love is louder” has been a common phrase among celebrities and influential figures lately. They are trying to send out a message to their followers saying that bullying is not right and should not be tolerated. The expansion of communication technologies is widening the way bully’s can torture their victims. The fact of the matter is, technology is not going anywhere, so we need to figure out a way to put an end to cyber-bullies. Cyber-bullying is becoming a major problem and we all need to do our parts in figuring out what can be done to stop cyber-bullies in their tracks. Cyber-bullies will continue to be a threat to today’s youth until we take preventative measures against them. Before putting a stop to cyber-bullying we must understand why and how a cyber-bully works. After researching and analyzing informative articles on the topic, this research paper aims to inform and answer questions such as: what a cyber-bully is, how they work, whom they target, and how to stop them. By understanding how a cyber-bully works we will be able to better protect youth populations as technology grows. Approximately half of U.S. students are impacted by traditional bullying each school day (Ross). Cyber-bullying is technology powered and...
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...CYBER CRIME Presented by : GROUP 3 CONTENT • • • • • • • • • • Introduction History of cyber crime Definition Categories of cyber crime Types of cyber crime Cybercrime statistics Cyber Threat Evolution Cyber crime in Philippines Safety tips Conclusion WHAT DO YOU KNOW? INTRODUCTION • Cybercrime is a term used broadly to describe activity in which computers or networks are a tool, a target, or a place of criminal activity. INTRODUCTION • Examples of cybercrime in which the computer or network is a TOOL of the criminal activity - Spamming and - Criminal copyright crimes, particularly those facilitated through peer-to-peer networks. INTRODUCTION • Examples of cybercrime in which the computer or network is a TARGET of criminal activity • - Unauthorized access (i.e, defeating access controls), • - malicious code, and denial-of-service attacks. INTRODUCTION • Examples of cybercrime in which the computer or network is a PLACE of criminal activity - theft of service (in particular, telecom fraud) and - certain financial frauds. BRIEF HISTORY • The first recorded cyber crime took place in the year 1820. That is not surprising considering the fact that the abacus, which is thought to be the earliest form of a computer, has been around since 3500 B.C. DEFINITION • Cyber Crime is a Crime committed using a computer and the internet to steal a person’s identity or illegal imports or malicious programs. Cybercrime is nothing but where the computer...
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...Keshia Lubin Strayer University Abstract Computer crime is any crime that has to do with a computer and a network. Computer crimes are criminal activities which involve the use of information technology to get illegal or unauthorized access to a a computer system with the mind set of damaging, deleting, and altering computer data. Computer crimes are include but are not limited to electronic frauds, misuse of devices, identity theft and data. Computer crimes do not necessarily have to involve damage to physical property. The computer could have participated in the crime or may have been the target. There are for common types of computer crimes computer as the target, the computer as an instrument of a crime, the computer as incidental to a crime, and crimes associated with the prevalence of computers. Categories of Computer Crime There are four common types of computer crimes. Computers can be used as an target. Crimes were the computer is the can include offenses like theft of intellectual property, theft of marketing information or blackmail based on information gained from computerized files. Crimes of this nature can sabotage intellectual property, marketing, pricing, or personnel data or can even sabotage of operating systems and programs with the thought of creating chaos in a business operations. There are many ways computers can be targeted unlawful access to criminal justice and other government records is another crime that targets the...
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