...What is nanotechnology? In a recent survey, less than half of UK consumers were successfully able to define the meaning of nanotechnology as a “technology that involves using very small particles”, i.e. controlling matter at an atomic or molecular scale, measured in nanometers. After all, no internationally agreed definition currently exists. It has filled the food industry with big ideas, but confusion and concerns have stalled the process of product development in big food company R&D departments. Therefore, there is still a long way to go before ideas in a lab or turned into commercially viable innovations. Application in the food industry In the food industry, the technology could have a variety of uses including detecting bacteria in packaging, delivering nutrients in small doses, or producing stronger flavors and colorings. In what seems to be a miracle cure to obesity and diabetes, oil droplets containing nano-sized water particles could be used to reduce the fat content of foods such as mayonnaise, cream and chocolate while retaining good sensory properties. There are a myriad of other potential applications in the food sector ranging from emulsions and nano-encapsulations on the formulation side to nano-coatings for processing equipment on the factory floor, which would ease the cleaning burden at food plants. Other interesting applications included nano-sensors that could detect pathogens and nano particles that could purify water in developing countries...
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...------------------------------------------------- Nanotechnology THE FUTURE AND PRESENT Ap So what exactly is nanotechnology? With that question there is a lot of answers. The definition of nanotechnology is, “the branch of engineering that deals with things smaller than 100 nanometers (especially with the manipulation of individual molecules)”Nanotechnology will allow the construction of smaller circuits and computers. Smaller circuits will run faster enabling much faster computer speeds, and will give them much greater lives as well. That means a laptops efficiency could be increased by millions, living longer and working faster which would be more value for the money that you pay. I found an article on the internet from Royal society of chemistry that talks how nanotechnology will actually have a good impact on the environment in the future. It says “For the environment and energy, nanotechnology will have a significant impact. For instance, nanometer sized solar cells could be developed to provide much of the energy needed around the world and nanomaterial’s will increase the efficiency of fuel cells and batteries. I the future nanotechnology will be used to tackle environmental problems, new “green” processing technologies will minimize the generation of undesirable by-product effluent by curbing emissions.” Nanotechnology is a relatively new and emerging field of science, it was first alluded in 1959, but it remained largely theoretical until the 1980s...
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...Nanotechnology Applications Kareema L. Smith Argosy University Nanotechnology can be described as manufacturing and or engineering on a small scale, this can be related to numerous areas of study and development – nanotechnology is utilized by several fields such as medicine, engineering, information technology, wild life, agriculture and the list goes on. When thinking of nanotechnology there is no way to tell what the future holds for scientist who research and study this field and how it will affect humans daily, but I will go on and describe some of the applications we and our society has benefited from the study of nanotechnology. In the medical field nanotechnology has be utilized as a tool to offer early detection of an oncoming disease or virus. Nanoparticles are deposited into the body, these particles has small fluorescent blotches that were engineered to mark antibodies. By doing so these fluorescent marks can find or identify disease even at the very onset of contracting the virus. Nanotechnology is also offering faster diagnoses of diseases, in some cases results of diagnoses can take weeks to come back in causing the patient to stress and worry. Utilizing this technology doctors are now able to use a nano-device known as ‘lab-on-chip’, by only using a small sample and this small chip. The samples can be analyzed quickly, so quick that some diagnoses can be read almost instantly. The study and application of nanotechnology is also benefitting the food...
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...Aim: Seed-mediated synthesis of Gold-Nanorods (GNR). Safety data: Reagent | Hazard | Precaution | 0.001 M HAuCl4 | Skin and eye irritant. Possible carcinogen. | Avoid contact. Wash with water for 15 minutes in case of skin or eye contact. | 0.20 M CTAB | Skin and eye irritant. May be combustible at high temperature. | Avoid contact. Wash with water for 15 minutes in case of skin or eye contact. | 0.15 M CTAC | Harmful if swallowed. Risk of serious damage to eyes. Irritating to skin. Very toxic to aquatic organisms. | Avoid contact or ingestion. Wash immediately with water in case of contact. Rinse mouth and drink plenty of water in case of ingestion. | 0.15 M BDAC | Causes severe skin burn and eye damage. Toxic if swallowed. Causes toxicity to aquatic life. | Avoid contact and ingestion. Do not dispose down the drain. | 0.01 M NaBH4 | Corrosive to skin and eye. | Avoid contact. | 0.004 M AgNO3 | Hazardous to skin and eye and in case of ingestion. | Avoid contact, ingestion. | 0.10 M Ascorbic acid | Mild irritant to skin and eye. Mutagen to mammalian somatic cells. | Avoid contact. | Materials: * M HAuCl4, 0.20 M CTAB, CTAC, BDAC, 0.01 M NaBH4, 0.004 M AgNO3 and 0.10 M Ascorbic acid. Procedure: Seed Solution: * Add 5 mL 0.20 M CTAB solution to 5 mL 0.0005 M HAuCl4 and stir the mixture well. * Add 0.60 mL ice-cold 0.01 M NaBH4 to the stirred solution and further stir the solution vigorously for 2 minutes. * After stirring, store...
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...* NANOTECHNOLOGY It may be hard to believe, but most people don’t know that nanotechnology is more than a myth. For a lot of people think nanotechnology is a pipe dream, born from science fiction movies. The study of nanotechnology, and even the applications of it are already in the market. “Tiny particles, huge potential,” such is a very accurate description for the marvel that is nanotechnology. The unrealized possibilities that nanotechnology provides is immense, yet it cannot be applied lightly due to fact that it could easily be used for good and bad. Not to mention the uncertainty of the side effects makes it just as dangerous. With the right research and proper safety precautions nanotechnology can be made safe and reliable. Having the ability to save lives just might be worth the risk. With nanotechnology it would be possible to treated high-risk patients more accurately and effectively. It could also be used to help store more energy in smaller devices or cells. Small sensors could be created to warn if the user is in a toxic or harmful area. The use of nanotechnology can be dangerous as well. A main concern with this technology is what happen at the end of its use? Does it dissolve? Can it cause other health issues? These are all questions raised by this technology. Another concern is the possibility of the technology being used to invade the privacy of its users. While nanotechnology has its pros and cons it still provides hope in the technology of the future...
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...What is nanotechnology? Nanotechnology is a new and exciting area of science. When atom arranged into very small particles they behave differently to ordinary materials made of the same atoms. A nanometre is one billionth of a metre (or 10-9) and nanoparticles are a few nanometre in size. They contain a few hundred atoms arranged in a particular way. Their very small size give them very large surface areas and new properties that can make them useful materials. How long has it been around? Nanotechnology has been around since December 29th , 1959! And nanotechnology is improving and helping use to make our life’s better! What products already exploit nanotechnology? • Medicine • Tooth paste • Sunscreen • And more Nanotechnology in the future? What areas are people working on to use nanotechnology? • Medicine • Health • Hygiene How can it be used in medicine nanotechnology? Nanotechnology can carry drugs inside them and they can control the Drugs as well meaning that we can see a new side of nanotechnology this means. Or in defence? Nanotechnology could be used in war or self defence. How could it make our lives better? It can kill and destroy diseases and viruses meaning that we wont get ill and that will increase out life spam slightly. What is wrong with using nanotechnology? There is a risk of using nanotechnology, we could get nanotechnology in the air and that could cause damage to our body and effect us. It may cause...
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...The application of nanoscale materials and structures, usually ranging from 1 to 100 nanometers (nm), is an emerging area of nanoscience and nanotechnology. Nanomaterials may provide solu- tions to technological and environmental challenges in the areas of solar energy conversion, catalysis, medicine, and water treatment [1,2]. This increasing demand must be accompanied by “green” synthesis methods. In the global efforts to reduce generated hazardous waste, “green” chemistry and chemical processes are progressively integrating with modern developments in science and industry. Implementation of these sustainable processes should adopt the 12 fundamental principles of green chemistry [3–7]. These principles are geared to guide in minimizing the use of unsafe products and maximizing the efficiency of chemical processes. Hence, any synthetic route or chemical process should address these principles by using environmentally benign solvents and nontoxic chemicals [3]. Nanomaterials often show unique and considerably changed physical, chemical and biological properties compared to their macro scaled counterparts [8]. Synthesis of noble metal nanoparticles for applications such as catalysis, electronics, optics, environmental, and biotechnology is an area of constant interest [9–15]. Gold, silver, and copper have been used mostly for the synthesis of stable dispersions of nanoparticles, which are useful in areas such as photography, catalysis, biological labeling...
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...-bio sensors, medical therapies and potential applications in security and environment safety. (Merkle, R.C.1993) INTRODUCTION The intentional or unintentional contamination of the environment, food items and the agricultural products has been increased due to certain local and global threats of poisonous gases and terrorism. This situation makes the decentralized sensing a core issue for several international bodies. A nanotechnology based sensor platform makes the direct electrical detection of biological and chemical agents possible in a highly multiplexed format over a vast dynamic range during clinical testing. Nucleic acid layers can be combined with nanomaterials-based electrochemical which produce affinity biosensors such as the “DNA Biosensor” or “Genosensor”. Such devices are used for converting the hybridization event into an analytical signal for obtaining sequence specific information, which are beneficial for clinical, environmental, or forensic investigations. CURRENT STATUS OF THE FIELD Medical nanotechnology is a branch of nanotechnology which practically applies its principles and findings in the field of health...
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...Nanotechnology (sometimes shortened to "nanotech") is the manipulation of matter on an atomic, molecular, and supramolecular scale. The earliest, widespread description of nanotechnology[1][2] referred to the particular technological goal of precisely manipulating atoms and molecules for fabrication of macroscale products, also now referred to as molecular nanotechnology. A more generalized description of nanotechnology was subsequently established by the National Nanotechnology Initiative, which defines nanotechnology as the manipulation of matter with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometers. This definition reflects the fact that quantum mechanical effects are important at this quantum-realm scale, and so the definition shifted from a particular technological goal to a research category inclusive of all types of research and technologies that deal with the special properties of matter that occur below the given size threshold. It is therefore common to see the plural form "nanotechnologies" as well as "nanoscale technologies" to refer to the broad range of research and applications whose common trait is size. Because of the variety of potential applications (including industrial and military), governments have invested billions of dollars in nanotechnology research. Through its National Nanotechnology Initiative, the USA has invested 3.7 billion dollars. The European Union has invested 1.2 billion and Japan 750 million dollars.[3] Nanotechnology as defined by...
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...Introduction: Body: Description of the technology and explanation of the associated science (Chris) So what is nanotechnology? Webster dictionary defines nanotechnology as the science of manipulating materials on an atomic or molecular level. Basically nanotechnology is the study and application of matter on the atomic level between 1 and 100 nanometers (nm). A nanometer is one-billionth of a meter. To get an understanding of how small this is, an atom has a diameter of about 0.1nm and the nucleus of an atom is much smaller, about 0.00001nm. Nanotechnology is the science that is used to rearrange molecules on the atomic level so that each atom is essentially put in the most efficient place. This is best clarified by Dr. Ralph Merkle, Ph. D., of the Georgia Institute of Technology in this way: “Manufactured products are made from atoms, and the properties of those products depend on how those atoms are arranged. If we rearrange the atoms in coal, we can make diamond. If we rearrange the atoms in sand and add a few other trace elements, we can make computer chips. If we rearrange the atoms in dirt, water, and air, we can make potatoes” (Ghadar & Spindler). Biologist, chemists, physicists and engineers are involved in studying substances at the nano-scale, thus making nanotechnology an interdisciplinary field of science (Bonsor & Strikland). Scientists are creating new materials by manipulating molecules at the atomic level. Nanosize super particles exhibit...
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...Nanotechnology Patricio Peña Medina June 14, 2013 Composition II Professor M. Putman Research Paper It’s the biggest technology challenge since the information super high way. Engaging scientist, entrepreneurs and governments form countries all over the world. Public debates, press conferences and expos around the world this technology is revolutionizing science. Not visible to the naked eye, tiny self-assembling Nano systems offer big solutions to some of the world’s most complex problems. This is science on the Nano scale, or scientist it’s the largest topic with hundreds of thousand possibilities. To put things in more of an understandable perspective, the smallest things that the human eye can make out is around 10,000nm. To aid in further understanding of these measurements more than 100 students from Rice University by designing an immense single-walled carbon nanotube. The nanotube measured 1180 feet long (Williams & Adams 23). So what is nanotechnology? 1 nanometer is 1 billionth of a meter, about the size of six carbon atoms or less than one water molecule almost too small to imagine (Williams & Adams). Nano technology is the science of interacting with atoms and molecules to modify the way they behave; for example by chemical creating Ferro fluids or liquid magnets the exhibit strange behavior due to external magnetic fields. Or by fabricating Nano scale semiconductor crystals known as quantum dots which are sometimes called artificial atoms...
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... Abstract There are many technologies that have drastically change the world that we live in. One of those technologies is Nanotechnology. Nanotechnology refers to materials, applications and processes designed to work on extremely tiny scales. Nanotechnology is being used every day in healthcare products, technology, cosmetics, sports equipment, food and agriculture, and usually people are none the wiser that they are using products with nanotechnology in it. This paper will discuss three different impacts that nanotechnology has had in our lives today and then how it might change how we live in the future. Paradigm Shift Nanotechnology is the engineering of functional systems at the molecular scale. Nanotechnology has many implementations but the three specific ones this paper will talk about are the effects that it has had on the environmental, agricultural, and technological aspects of our lives today and how it may even grow to change our lives in the future. Nanotechnology was first introduced by Nobel laureate Professor Richard P. Feynman in a 1959 lecture titled "There's plenty of room at the bottom,” at this time however nanotechnology was based on theoretical speculation. Since then nanotechnology has become a reality and is now, today among the fastest growing areas of science. In order to improve the environment nanotechnology is currently being used in several applications, such as cleaning up existing pollution, improving manufacturing methods to reduce...
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...Nanotechnology Nanotechnology has been an anticipated technology due to it giving complete and inexpensive control of the structure of matter. The thought of this technology came from the mind of Richard Feynman, a physicist, in 1959. The way Feynman first described nanotechnology was, “a process by which the ability to manipulate individual atoms and molecules might be developed, using one set of precise tools to build and operate another proportionally smaller set (History and Future of Nanotechnology, 2009).” Manufacturing at the molecular scale will enable the construction of cell repair machines, computers smaller than a cubic micron, and even personal manufacturing. Molecular manufacturing or nanomanufacturing is where it all starts. Nanomanufacturing is the manufacturing of nano-scale materials, structures, devices, and systems. There are two approaches to nanomanufacturing, the top-down approach or the bottom-up approach. The top-down approach reduces large pieces of material down to the nanoscale. This approach uses more material and can lead to waste if excess material isn’t used. The second approach, the bottom-up approach, creates products by starting at the atomic or molecular level and building the products from the ground up. This process is very time consuming. With these two approaches there are new processes that enable nanomanufacturing which are (Manufacturing at the Nanoscale): 1. Chemical vapor deposition – a process where chemicals react to produce...
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...ISSUES PAPER Date 28 March 2008 Subject ISSUES PAPER: Emerging Technology Table of Contents Introduction 1 Communications Technology 2 Green City 2 Nanotechnology 2 Personalized Medical Monitors 2 Robotics 2 Mind-controlled interfaces 3 Personal Networking 3 Smart buildings 3 The future of bio-technology 3 Introduction History is full of life-changing inventions, the printing press, electricity, the telephone not to mention the foundations of medicine, transportation and computers and the Internet. It is well known that technology, coupled with knowledge and innovation have the potential to alter traditional concepts of the urban community. The cities to benefit from these changes are those with strong appeal for artists, creative individuals and younger educated people. The cities which have this creative skill base will be able to adopt and develop new technology. Historically, Melbourne has a long history as a manufacturing city. However with the rise of China and Asia there has been a steady decline in the manufacturing industry in Victoria. Melbourne has revived itself as a knowledge city with higher education arguably being a key factor in Melbourne’s current and future prosperity (Committee for Melbourne, 2007). Can Melbourne leverage from its historical base in manufacturing and knowledge to be a leader in emerging technology? It is well known that a city which can adopt new technology will excel...
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...Nanotechnology Applications in Today’s World Santos Santiago ITT-Tech Author Notes This research was conducted using material from both the internet and reference articles from the following: Center for Responsible Nanotechnology http://www.crnano.org/whatis.htm Investigating Higher-Order Response Surface Methods For Military Nanotechnology Applications Like me, many of you have a variety of electric devices both in your home and in your car that as the years have gone by these devices have evolved from a big bulky device to what you now have, or can see. Technology has evolved at a drastic rate and this will continue in the future. Nanotechnology and the many applications associated with it will be a big factor on this evolution. The definition of Nanotechnology according to (The Center for Responsible Nanotechnology) Nanotechnology is the engineering of functional systems at the molecular scale. This covers both current work and concepts that are more advanced to the engineering of functional systems at the molecular scale. Because of the complexity of Nanotechnology and the science that guides it, much of the research in these areas is being conducted by grants to universities, Military research, and the Automotive Industry. There are many who protest this technology because there is still a lot to learn about its capabilities, and it uses. My research will focus on some of the uses of nanotechnology vs. the complexity of designing these devices. In the Automotive...
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