...Analysis of VMU America Inc. Christopher Chun & William McMahan Oakland University Abstract Most strategic business decisions, such as financial planning and production management, rely heavily on forecasts that attempt to paint an accurate picture of the future periods. Ineffective forecasting can lead businesses to improper conclusions about the environment in which they operate. The purpose of this research is to analyze the effectiveness of VMU Power Systems’ forecasting methods on production demand. Once the type/s of forecasting used is identified, a closer look highlights the fact that improvements to their methods could put the company in a better position to handle their current market demand. The underlying issue is that they are not including all of their products & services in their data set, or more simply put, they are basing their decisions off of incomplete data. This is causing their forecasted results to be far below the actual demand resulting in a lack of resources to produce at the levels required. Other research has been cited throughout this paper to further support the claims that it is possible for VMU to forecast their type of intermittent demand. There are two main recommendations made at the end of this analysis that, if implemented, could improve the accuracy of their models. The first suggestion is to use the SBA forecasting method on their after-sales demand. The second recommendation is to divide their data into segments based on customer...
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...Viability of Adding Alternative Fuel Vehicles to Lotus Rental Car Fleet The focus of this paper is to estimate the importance and feasibility of adding alternative fuel vehicles to the Lotus Rental Car fleet. This paper is addressed to the Chief Financial Officer. There are many types of alternative fuel vehicles (AFV); however, this paper will be focusing on hybrid vehicles. The discussion will cover the overview of existing operations, the advantages and disadvantages of adding AFV’s, the summary of the examination, and the recommendations on why and how it should be implemented. Current Fleet Status The Current fleet size for sister companies, Alamo, Enterprise and National, carry nearly 450,000 cars combined that achieve 28 mpg or better. The introduction of EPACT in 1992 introduced AFV’s into the US market, where they were mainly used by government agencies. The common term used to describe AFV vehicles is light duty vehicle (LDV). In addition, federal fleets are required to use dual-fuel vehicles unless a waiver is granted. Because of high oil consumption in the US transportation sector, concerns about national energy usage began to rise. This raised many questions regarding the resulting environmental impacts of greenhouse gas emissions. An example of this was in 2008, when it was estimated that the transportation sector emitted 1,930 million metric tons of carbon dioxide, which represents a 33.2 per cent share of total carbon dioxide emission from all sectors...
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...2. Safety 3 3. Research & Time Intervals 4 4. Engine 5-7 5. Transmission 8-9 6. Drivetrain 10 7. Suspension 11-13 8. Body and Frame 14-15 9. Paper Work 16 10. Final Inspection 17 11. References 18 Purpose The purpose of a PM Service on a Semi-Truck is to add longevity to the life of the vehicle. It allows the mechanic to fully inspect every component of the vehicle and make any necessary repairs as needed. This allows a safe and well maintained vehicle to transport any number of goods for a very long time. Safety Shut engine off! Lock and Tag if necessary! Chock wheels to prevent unintentional rolling of vehicle! Coolant and Oil may be extremely hot and under pressure! Low clearance under or around vehicle can cause injuries! Sharp objects may be present! Research & Time Intervals It is important to research the vehicle you are performing a PM Service on. Verify you have the proper filters, oil type, oil viscosity, and grease type so as to not cause damage to important components of the vehicle! Be sure that the service is performed within the scheduled time. A vehicle that does not get a PM Service at the recommended date can cause unnecessary failures of components, cause timely breakdowns, and costly repairs. Engine Tools Needed Supplies Needed * Begin by lifting the hood of the vehicle. * Crawl under the engine using a creeper or a sheet...
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...A light-emitting diode (LED) is a two-lead semiconductor light source. It is a p–n junction diode, which emits light when activated.[4]When a suitable voltage is applied to the leads, electrons are able to recombine with electron holes within the device, releasing energy in the form of photons. This effect is called electroluminescence, and the color of the light (corresponding to the energy of the photon) is determined by the energy band gap of the semiconductor. An LED is often small in area (less than 1 mm2) and integrated optical components may be used to shape its radiation pattern.[5] Appearing as practical electronic components in 1962,[6] the earliest LEDs emitted low-intensity infrared light. Infrared LEDs are still frequently used as transmitting elements in remote-control circuits, such as those in remote controls for a wide variety of consumer electronics. The first visible-light LEDs were also of low intensity, and limited to red. Modern LEDs are available across the visible,ultraviolet, and infrared wavelengths, with very high brightness. Early LEDs were often used as indicator lamps for electronic devices, replacing small incandescent bulbs. They were soon packaged into numeric readouts in the form of seven-segment displays, and were commonly seen in digital clocks. Recent developments in LEDs permit them to be used in environmental and task lighting. LEDs have many advantages over incandescent light sources including lower energy consumption, longer lifetime...
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...INTRODUCTION 1.1 History of IC Engines: The machines that produce power or energy are called engines. The engines work as prime movers meaning “producers of motion”. There are other machines which are run by prime movers. Engines have become well known these days because of widespread popularity of automobile – the cars, trucks, buses and motor cycles are machines that are used for transport almost by everybody and everywhere. Doubtless no other engineering wonder can claim such wider use and engines provide the power for automobile. There are of course other uses of these engines also. Engines in general are reciprocating and rotary, the latter are commonly recognized as turbines, though there are some which are not turbine. An engine which was first introduced perhaps used a hot air which expanded on top of a piston. It was steam at high pressure which was then used against the piston which was pushed and moved in a cylinder linearly. The engine piston was connected to a crank through connecting rod caused the crank to rotate about its axis. Thus rotary motion is generated. An engine would definitely need an expanding medium which will push the piston when expanding. The expanding medium will have to be at higher temperature and pressure. The heat required for increasing the temperature and pressure of expanding medium can be given to the medium outside the cylinder in which the piston moves. In such a case the engine is called external combustion...
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...SIVASUBRAMANIAN, K.VIGNESHWARAN, PRE FINAL YEAR, PRE FINAL YEAR, MECHANICAL ENGINEERING PRODUCTION ENGINEERING CONTACT ADDRESS: ROOM NO:45, VAGAI ILLAM, GCT, COIMBATORE-13 CONTACT NO: 9994978256 E-MAIL ID: vickydegr8@gmail.com ADVANCES IN AUTOMOBILES Abstract In this manuscript, research on hydrogen internal combustion engines is discussed. The objective of this paper is to provide a means of renewable hydrogen based fuel utilization. The development of a high efficiency, low emissions electrical generator will lead to establishing a path for renewable hydrogen based fuel utilization. A full-scale prototype will be produced in collaboration with commercial manufacturers. The electrical generator is based on developed internal combustion engine technology. It is able to operate on many hydrogen-containing fuels. The efficiency and emissions are comparable to fuel cells (50% fuel to electricity, ~ 0 NOx). This electrical generator is applicable to both stationary power and hybrid vehicles. It also allows specific markets to utilize hydrogen economically and painlessly. Introduction Two motivators for the use of hydrogen as an energy carrier today are: 1) to provide a transition strategy from hydrocarbon fuels to a carbonless society and 2) to enable...
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...EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This projects report containing the marketing research on “Brand Awareness of General Motors at Bellad Enterprises PVT LTD. Hubli. I have chosen this topic concerned to their requirement as the Bellad Enterprises PVT LTD. GM having over 12 brands in different countries, but mainly 2 brands on which I have concentrated more as per requirement of Bellad Enterprises PVT LTD. Because as the GM is one of the biggest companies in the world not only producing and selling cars and now they concentrating to target the domestic market and they trying to know how much the domestic market or local people are aware of their different brands and how they have opinion regarding these brands. So in simple the need is to know, the awareness level and the customers response about brands of GM. My basic intention is to make the customers or people make aware of different brands of GM and also to know the opinion in the market and their perception and satisfaction in the market of GM brands. Data collection approach: By using primary and secondary sources collected the required information. 1.Primary source: Questionnaire, Personal interview. 2. Secondary source: Company website, related information from Internet, journals, Textbook, Newspapers, etc. Sample Selection Method: Regarding to my project sample size is 100 and the sample target customers are those people who visit the company’s showroom and by random sampling...
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...Understanding Honda Amaze Market Segmentation Marketing Report This report demonstrates the understanding of the concepts of marketing and applying them in the real time as discussed in this report in the form a finished product, i.e. Honda Amaze 2015 Mohit Sehrawat | Nishant Mohan | Piyush Srivastava Rahul Bansal | Rajat Sood | Sonal Rawat IIM Lucknow – WMP 2014 - 17 1/18/2015 Contents 1. Introduction 2 Honda Cars India: Company Profile 2 Honda Amaze 3 2. Competition 6 Price Comparison of the segment ex-showroom at Delhi: 7 Features Comparison: 8 Sales Data: Amaze viz-a-viz Competitors 10 Sales & Service Network: Amaze viz-a-viz its major competitor 10 3. Consumer Behaviour: Factors effecting Decision Making & Purchase 11 Purchase Decision Process 11 Broad Classification of Consumer Behaviour: 13 Factors effecting Consumer Buying Behaviour for Automobiles 14 4. SWOT Analysis of Honda Amaze 17 5. Segmentation-Targeting-Positioning of Honda Amaze: 18 SEGMENTATON 18 TARGETING 18 POSITIONING 18 6. Questionnaire- Honda Amaze Customers 19 7. Conclusion 21 8. References 22 9. Appendix 23 Herzberg’s Theory 24 Perception 24 Learning & Memory 24 1. Introduction Honda Cars India: Company Profile Honda Cars India Ltd., (HCIL) is a leading manufacturer of premium cars in India. The Company was established in 1995 with a commitment to provide Honda’s latest passenger car models and Technologies, to...
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...| REDUCTION OF IMPACTS OF EXHAUST ESMISSIONS OF DIESEL ENGINEbyHASSAN SHEIKHOLESLAMYSession 2013/2014 | | The project report is prepared for Faculty of Engineering and Technology Multimedia University in partial fulfilment for Bachelor of Engineering (Hons) Mechanical FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY MULTIMEDIA UNIVERSITY April 2014 The copyright of this report belongs to the author under the terms of the Copyright Act 1987 as qualified by Regulation 4(1) of the Multimedia University Intellectual Property Regulations. Due acknowledgement shall always be made of the use of any material contained in, or derived from, this report. DECLARATION I hereby declare that this work has been done by myself and no portion of the work contained in this report has been submitted in support of any application for any other degree or qualification of this or any other university or institute of learning. I also declare that pursuant to the provisions of the Copyright Act 1987, I have not engaged in any unauthorised act of copying or reproducing or attempt to copy / reproduce or cause to copy / reproduce or permit the copying / reproducing or the sharing and / or downloading of any copyrighted material or an attempt to do so whether by use of the University’s facilities or outside networks / facilities whether in hard copy or soft copy format, of any material protected under the provisions of sections 3 and 7 of the Act whether for payment or otherwise save as...
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...EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Many firms are attempting number of ways to enhance their responsiveness and competitiveness by changing their methods and strategy which includes execution of Information Technology (IT) and Supply chain management (SCM). On the other hand, a critical literature review is to be carried out with the insight into the role of Information Technology (IT) and Supply chain management (SCM). This report provides the applications of Information Technology (IT) and E-commerce in general as well as in selected industry. For this report, the selected industry is Volvo. The applications of information technology and changes in supply chain using e-logistics are discussed elaborately in this report. This report also clearly draws about the supply chain strategy used in Volvo. In addition, use of electronic commerce is well discussed followed by the uncertainties faced by the Volvo and the overcoming of uncertainty by Volvo. This report ends up with the conclusion. TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 3 APPLICATIONS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 3 APPLICATIONS OF ELECTRONIC COMMERCE 4 BENEFITS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN SUPPLY CHAIN 5 LITREATURE REVIEW ON INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 6 CHANGES...
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...longer life without problems. Introduction: Like most people, you already know that smoking is bad for your health. But do you really understand just how dangerous smoking really is and how it can be also deadly for non smokers too? Do you know that the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that each year smoking causes about 6 million deaths which is about 10% of all deaths and 0.6 million of these occurring in non smokers too due to second hand smoke? Do you know that smoking is considered as the greatest cause of preventable death globally? Since stopping smoking can be an extremely difficult process, understanding exactly how smoking harms your body and people around you can help keep you motivated to end that habit. So in our research we are going to talk about smoking health problems and second hand smoke. Literature review: Male and female smokers lose an average of 13.2 and 14.5 years of life, respectively. [1] About one half of long term male smokers will die of illness due to smoking. A person's increased risk of contracting disease is directly proportional to the length of time that a person continues to smoke as well as the amount smoked. However, if someone stops smoking, then these chances gradually decrease as the damage to their bodies repaired. A year after quitting, the...
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...Research Paper Fred A. Graff Baker College Purpose Statement The topic I chose for this research paper is the National Railroad Passenger Corporation, Amtrak. This was due to the fact that I believe this is the direction America needs to take to reduce demand on oil supplies and cut down on emissions. Mass transit railway systems are cheaper and more efficient than airplanes and automobiles. The problem that exists right now with going to mass railway transit is the fact that many of the railroad tracks have been abandoned, removed or turned into trails for hiking or biking. To reach the rural population is going to be the biggest obstacle facing this much needed service in the United States. This is the area I am going to focus on in this paper. Addressing the problem of reaching rural America with mass transit will be tough but not impossible. My solution would be two-fold, and would entail laying new tracks to old places of service and making hubs that people can travel to with ample (and cheap) parking for their vehicles. The second part would be to invest in busses and start small-town bus routes to pick up passengers in areas where running train tracks would be too inefficient. These busses would run only to and from the train hubs connecting them to small towns and rural bus stops. This plan of reinvesting in the railway system would solve several issues: our reliance on foreign oil, our need to reduce emissions and creating new, long term jobs. Trains can...
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...Study of Promotional Strategies for Cars in India 1 Table of Contents 1. Objective 2. Scope of Work 3. Rationale 4. Theoretical Framework and Review of Literature i. ii. iii. iv. Promotional Strategy Promotional Mix Message and Media Strategy Communication Model- AIDA 5. Promotion Process For Cars i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. vii. viii. ix. Selecting the target market Product and Brand Positioning Promotional Decisions Advertising Direct Marketing Interactive/Interactive Marketing Sales Promotion Publicity/Public Relation Personal Selling 6. Ford Fiesta and its Promotions i. Target Market 2 ii. Adopting offer to suit target segment iii. iv. Market Competition Strategic Promotion of Ford 7. Questionnaire 8. Analyzed Survey Report of the Questionnaire 9. SWOT Analysis 10. SWOT Analysis of Ford Fiesta 11. Conclusion 12. Bibliography 3 Chapter 1 Introduction 4 Objective To study and analyze the elements of Promotional Strategies. Study and analysis of promotional strategies of Ford India for its product Ford Fiesta. Study the customer response regarding the promotions of cars in India. Scope of the Project Study the basic aspects of Promotional Strategies such as Sales Promotion, Personal Selling, Advertising and Publicity. Studying the customer response regarding promotions of cars in India through a questionnaire. Study the promotional strategies of Ford Fiesta with all the tools of promotion. Analyze and interpret the...
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...Transport and Logistics Systems Name Institutional affiliation Table of Contents Table of Contents 2 1.1. Introduction 4 2. Transport and modes of transport 5 2.1. Transport 5 2.2. The modes of transport 5 2.3. Air Transport 5 2.4. Advantages and Disadvantages of Air Transport 6 Advantages 6 2.5. Economic and Environmental Impacts of Air Transport 6 Economic Impact 6 2.5.1. Road Transport 7 2.6. Advantages and Disadvantages of Road Transport 7 Advantages 7 2.6.1.1. Economic and Environmental Impacts of Road Transport 8 2.6.2. Rail Transport 8 2.6.2.1. Advantages and Disadvantages of Rail Transport 9 2.6.2.2. Economic and Environmental Impacts of Rail Transport 9 2.6.3. Water Transport 9 2.6.3.1. Advantages and Disadvantages of water transport 9 2.7. Economic and Environmental Impacts of Water Transport 10 2.7.1. Pipeline Transport 10 2.7.1.1. Advantages and Disadvantages of Pipeline 10 2.8. Economic and Environmental Impacts of pipeline transport 10 2.9. Interrelationships between transport and logistics 11 Conclusion 12 References 13 Abstract The whole process of transport determines the effectiveness of moving goods and people. The advancement in techniques and management roles improves the moving of commodities, service quality, operating...
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...Company History: Harnischfeger Industries, Inc. is a world leader in the manufacture, marketing, and servicing of mining equipment for both surface and underground operations. Until the year 2000, when it sold its Beloit Corporation subsidiary, Harnischfeger was also a major manufacturer of machinery for the pulp and paper industry. The company is represented in markets around the world, including Europe, Latin America, Australia, and Southeast Asia, and in South Africa, Canada, and the United States. Harnischfeger manufactures specialized equipment for underground mining of coal, as well as equipment for surface extraction of ores and minerals. A significant portion of the company's income comes from servicing mining equipment worldwide and providing spare parts. The company has a long history, punctuated in recent years by bankruptcy and near bankruptcy. After surviving a disastrous business downturn in the 1980s, the company made an impressive comeback, and then ended the 1990s in Chapter 11. Harnischfeger was forced to sell off its pulp and paper machinery manufacturing division to remain in business. 19th-Century Beginnings Like many century-old American enterprises, Harnischfeger traces its origins to an industrious immigrant with a dream. In 1884 Henry Harnischfeger was working at a sewing machine company in Milwaukee. Born in Germany, Harnischfeger had worked previously as a locksmith, a machinist, and a machine maker. He was a foreman in the sewing plant when the company...
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