...AusAID (the Australian Agency for International Development) was the Australian Government agency responsible for managing Australia's overseas aid program until 31 October 2013, when it ceased to be an executive agency and was integrated into the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. The objective of the aid program is to assist developing countries to reduce poverty and achieve sustainable development, in line with Australia's national interest.[ 1：Australia's aid program leads the way in the fight against preventable disease in our region. Australia's aid effort has wiped out polio from the Pacific. Australia has also funded measles and polio immunisations for more than 1.5 million children in Papua New Guinea. AusAID works to improve the quality of basics services. Water supply and sanitation programs are providing fresh water for nearly 500,000 people in Tanzania, South Africa, Mozambique and Zimbabwe. AusAID funds projects such as the Mỹ Thuận Bridge in Vietnam's Mekong Delta region. The bridge now benefits more than three million people living below the poverty line. Over the past 40 years: * average life expectancy in developing countries has increased by 20 years * adult illiteracy has almost halved * maternal mortality has decreased by 50 per cent. Most importantly, despite a rapidly growing world population, the number of people living in poverty has fallen by 200 million since 1980. Australian aid has contributed to these achievements. By promoting...
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...Detailed Notes - Socioeconomically Disadvantaged - People or families who lack sufficient income to obtain adequate health, food, housing and clothing that the rest of society can afford. - Find it difficult to ensure an adequate standard of living. - Often unemployed and rely on social security and services - Often in situation due to a disability, illness, living in a remote area. - Can be caught in the poverty cycle. - 12.6% of children in Australia live in households with incomes less than 50% of the national mean. - Sole parents, migrants, Aboriginals and low income employees usually fall into this group. Needs - Access to resources o Need to access a variety of services to improve their standard of living - Education o Need to develop knowledge, understanding & skill in identifying and accessing resources as well as problem solving in managing their own situation - Employment o Some have need for permanent employment o Need to be employed to improve their standard of living and self-esteem o The ‘working poor’ need to have their income supplemented with access to a variety of resources at no extra cost - Financial Support o Need in order to make ends meet o Cheaper loans, assistance in purchasing furniture, clothing and assistance in meeting the cost of schooling and sporting activities is needed - Health o They suffer from more chronic illness thus affordable, quality health care, medicines and treatments are required along with preventative...
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...Health and socioeconomic disadvantage Although the overall level of health and Data source and definitions wellbeing of Australians is relatively high compared with other countries, there are significant disparities in the health outcomes of different populations within Australia. In particular, people who live in areas with poorer socioeconomic conditions tend to have worse health than people from other areas. Previous analysis has shown that disadvantaged Australians have higher levels of disease risk factors and lower use of preventative health services than those who experience socioeconomic advantage.1 This article mainly uses data from the ABS 2007–08 National Health Survey. The analysis is restricted to all people aged 15 years and over unless otherwise stated. The ABS has developed four indexes to rank the level of social and economic wellbeing of a region. The analysis in this article uses the Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA) of Disadvantage based upon the 2006 Census of Population and Housing. The SEIFA index of relative disadvantage combines a number of variables (such as income, education and unemployment) of people, families and dwellings within an area, and ranks these areas on a scale of relative disadvantage. In this article the scale is divided into quintiles – with the first quintile representing the areas of greatest relative disadvantage and the fifth quintile representing the areas of least relative disadvantage...
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...Health of Indigenous Australians Name University Details Date of Submission Aboriginal and Torres Strait islanders in Australia suffers from poor health. The poor health is associated with poverty, malnutrition, overcrowding, poor hygiene, environmental contamination, and prevalent infections. Inadequate clinical care and health promotion, and poor disease prevention services aggravate this situation (Gracey & King, 2009). Indigenous Australian women have poor maternal health; higher rates of chronic diseases, poor nutrition and high level of urinary tract infection that contribute to pregnancy complications. Moreover, Mellor, et al., (2015) felt that, these people are facing a challenge to access primary health care because of distance and most of them live in remote areas. They also have a problem of chronic health conditions that require a range of services but not affordable. Lastly, culture contributes to poor access of healthcare services through language barrier; gender based cultural practices and ideals. The health burden among Indigenous people arises in non-remote areas since majority of them reside in non-remote areas (Vos, et al., 2009). Social and emotional wellbeing among indigenous Australians is demonstrated by a number of ways. They are traumatized by abuse, domestic violence family breakdown, cultural dislocation, racism and discrimination, rejection by family social disadvantages and drug and substance abuse. They also have psychological distress, a problem...
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...subsistence level; instead, the intrinsic rewards of work would be perceived to be more important than their income. According to the article and ONET OnLine, the tasks for meter readers are mainly to read and record the consumption of steam, gas, electricity or water from the meter, which the nature of the job itself is simple and repetitive. Hence, it is concluded that this job would lead to employee boredom due to the routine job task and eventually, leads to job dissatisfaction. As meter reader will be demotivated over time, the organisation will have to decrease turnover and increase job retention by recruiting the right employee for the job. Personally, I agree more with Judy’s decision in hiring meter reader with qualifications of high school diploma as the skill they required to have in this particular job is common level of sensemaking and to distinguish whether or not the meter is tampered1. In 2008, Fine and Nevo proposed the concept of cognitive...
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...described as the most pressing public health issue of our time with the mental health of youths becoming an increasingly important issue to address (Abraham, n.d.). A 2013-14 national survey conducted on the mental health and wellbeing of Australian children and adolescents showed that one in seven young Australians aged 4-17 were assessed as having a mental disorder in the past 12 months. Children under 17 are more likely to suffer from ADHD and anxiety disorders (7.4% and 6.9% being affected respectively) and the most debilitating disorder for this age group was found to be major depressive disorder, affecting 2.8%. Schools play a major role in providing education and support regarding mental...
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...Category 1: Edinete R. M., & Fudge. J., Urie Bronfenbrenner’s theory of human development: Its evolution from ecology to bioecology. Journal of Family Theory & Review, 5, 243-250. (2013) Glass Q.V. & Few-Demo L.A. (2013). Complexities of informal social support arrangements for black lesbian couples. Family Relations Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Family Studies 62(5).714-724. (2013) Mamta, S., & Kari A., (2013). Siblings of individuals with disabilities: Reframing the literature through a bioecological lens. Journal of Family theory & Review, 5, 300-312. (2013) Swenson. S & Lakin.C. A wicked problem: Can government be fair to families living with disabilities. Family Relations Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Family Studies 63(1), 185-198. (2014) Wehmeyer. L.M. (2014). Self-determination: A family affair. Family Relations: Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Family Studies 63(1):178-182. (2014) Category 2 Breen H.,& Hing N, Gordon A., Indigenous Australian gambling crime and possible interventions: a qualitative study Asian Journal of Gambling Issues and Public Health 2013, 3:4 (26 February 2013) Chuen. C. C, & Ohtsuka K., The clinical and social construction of the Paichais of Macau Asian Journal of Gambling Issues and Public...
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...only has incidence increased but also more worryingly the severity of attacks by young Australians has worsened, leading to major economical and personal losses to society. In 2009 on the streets of Coolangatta Damien Ford (aged 18) viciously assaulted 18-year-old Sam Ford (no relation) in an unprovoked attack. Sam spent 18th months in hospital and suffered severe brain injuries leaving him disabled and requiring full time care for the rest of his life. In Adelaide in 2008 Sam Davis (aged 17) was attempting to break up a fight at a party when he was king hit in the back of the head by a gate crasher (aged 18). Sam fell to the floor unconscious and died in hospital a few hours later. In Sydney 2012, Thomas Kelly (aged 18) was walking through Kings Cross on a night out when he was king hit for no reason by Kieran Loveridge (aged 18). The punch to the face knocked Kelly to the ground unconscious and he died 2 days later in hospital. This report seeks to understand why youth violence is so prevalent in Australia and review how it can be prevented. Youth Violence In Australia Youth violence is classified as the intentional use of physical force or power by a young person between the ages of 10 and 24, against another person, group, or community, with the behaviour likely to cause physical or psychological harm (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015). According to the Australian Institute of Criminology (2012) the main culprits of violent crimes are males in the 15-19...
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...UNDERSTANDING SELF AND SOCIETY: CONTEMPORARY PERSPECTIVES Module 1: Why is Human Dignity important ? What is Human dignity ? "dignity: the quality of being worthy or honourable; worthiness, worth, nobleness, excellence. Latin dignitāt-em merit, worth" Oxford English Dictionary The focus of UNCC100 is on the theme of the common good: how we think about what is needed in order for all people to flourish in society. UNCC300 shifts this focus from the social to the individual, although of course, we can never think about the individual without reference to the broader context of society. In this unit, we are going to consider what it means to be a human being, and more particularly, how we can understand the notion of human worth, or value. This is what we are referring to when we talk about human dignity. Activity 1 Complete some research on Rosa Parks . 1. Who was she? 2. What impact did Rosa Parks have on the US Civil Rights movement? 3. What impact do you think Rosa Parks has had on our understanding of human dignity today? 4. There have been numerous songs written about Rosa Parks. The Neville Brothers recorded “Sister Rosa” in 1989. Click the link to hear the song and follow the lyrics. http://pancocojams.blogspot.com.au/2012/01/two-songs-about-rosa-parks-lyrics.html Human dignity is probably a very familiar expression, because the concept is part of many conversations taking place in the contemporary world. At the same time, once we begin...
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...factors that influence health across the lifespan. Begin to develop an understanding of the concepts surrounding person centeredness. Discuss the role of the nurse in infection control and prevention 1 2 www.med.monash.edu www.med.monash.edu 2009 Number Nursing Statistics Clinician Clinical management & Adm. Clinical nursing Average age (years) Average hours worked per week Definition of Nursing Nursing: encompasses autonomous and collaborative care of individuals of all ages, families, groups and communities, sick or well and in all settings. Nursing includes the promotion of health, prevention of illness and the care of ill, disabled and dying people. Advocacy, promotion of a safe environment, research, participation in shaping health policy and in patient and health systems management and education are also key nursing roles International Council of Nurses 2002 250,786 29,971 220,815 44.1 47.3 43.7 33.2 39.2 32.4 Non-clinician Lecturing, education and or supervision of new nurses Research Other 25,965 9,570 2,325 14,070 46.4 45.0 45.1 47.6 33.9 36.7 34.2 54 Total 276,751 44.3 33.3 3 Employed registered and enrolled nurses, selected statistics, by nursing field, 2009 Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) 4 www.med.monash.edu www.med.monash.edu Aims of Nursing & Midwifery 1. Promoting Health 2. Preventing Illness 3. Restoring Health 4. Facilitating Coping with Disability & Death ...
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...A corporation is a group of people for making profit to engage in the production, distribution, services and other economic activities to meet the need for society and people. We cannot call a corporation as a pure profit business organization because it is also “a legal person” who is not a real person, but it enjoys what people have rights and obligations. A corporation has the responsibilities to build a better social environment and create wealth for people, so the corporation not only constitutes an important part of the society but also makes a significant contribution to social development and progress. However, the development of enterprise recklessly drives to achieve maximum available profit while it neglects public interest. The video of “The Corporation” shows white bubble on the river around the chemical factories, transformed creatures, and deformed children. I can see our future life what look like if the business continues to develop according to its maximum profit principle. Thus, I agree with the video shows that some multination corporation are harmful to worker’s right with using cheap labor, child labor, and providing awful working condition in developing countries. Some corporation uses cheap labor in developing countries to manufacture their products, which is unfair for employees. The wages and benefits they received are unequal to the unit of sale price and volume of production. Morn gives some facts as follows: In 2000, the piece rate plus benefits...
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...are old enough to understand and make decisions for themselves. Chronic illness has been defined as “an illness that is prolonged in duration, does not often resolve spontaneously, and is rarely cured completely.” (Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing). Adolescence is “a period of rapid physical, psychological, emotional and social development during which young people develop a sense of an independent identity, focus on peer acceptance, and plan for the future and then develop romantic and intimate relationships.” (Erickson 1963, Suris et al 2004 Christie & Viner 2005). Young people with chronic illness have the same developmental issues as those who are perfectly healthy. Hundreds of studies have been undertaken in regards to how chronic illness impact the lives of adolescents and the people around them. One example is the Methodological quality was assessed using criteria described by Cesario et al (Journal of Obstetrics, Gynaecology& Neonatal Nursing 31 2002 31) and the conclusion was that 20 studies identified involving young people with wide variety of chronic illnesses. Seven common themes were found between identified studies; developing and maintaining friendships, importance of family, attitude to treatment, experiences of school, being normal/getting on with life, relationship with healthcare professionals, and the future. The most chronic condition in adolescents is Asthma. Followed by sensory disorders and Nerve System disorders. Other examples...
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...state and federal. Making a world of difference in the quality of a persons’ life, assisting them in the ability to see a light at the end of tunnel where no light existed. Yet, their growth is emissive that services tend to overlap, workers over worked and the quality of service seems to be diminishing. Mental illness continues to have stigma that works negatively in the public eye, so the government has little to say about the services that it offers. As we already know from the text that, "Government exercises considerable economic power through its consumption of a large part of society’s financial and human resources for the production of public goods and services like streets and highways, police and fire protection, public health, schools, national defense, and so on" (Cropf, 2008). Yet, because there are so many blank areas, unanswered questions and most obvious in mental health which is instability over shadows how these services work to better the lives of people who suffer, we offend to do hear their success stories. Turning Point Community Programs located in Sacramento California was the first experience I had with a mental health diagnoses, and started my road to the unknown. What has been the key to the program success is in the understanding of something that the text points out about the structure of...
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...Neuroscience has long fascinated Psychologists as they look for explanations into mental health issues, aspiring to understand the relationship between the human mind and behaviour. The purpose of this essay is to address the issues of misperceptions in the link between mental health problems and violence. It will be argued that various factors contribute to violent behaviour while noting the limitations in studies which contribute to mental health labelling. A summary of the categorisation in positive and negative psychological health will be reviewed, followed by examining any relationship between violent behaviour and emotional well-being. A discussion of the academic findings around this relationship will be explored while identifying and discussing the various external factors that contribute to the risk of committing violence. There are two main organisations that have produced clarifications of mental disorders which are used throughout Western culture, Chapter V of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) which was constructed by the World Health Organisation and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-S) constructed by the American Psychiatric Association; however concepts of mental disorder vary depending on culture and country. The World Health Organisation and National Surveys report there is no single agreement in the classification of mental illness and phrasing depends on the social, cultural, economic and legal context (Scheffler...
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...Project [pic] Applied Degree Concept Paper Template The Graduate School Version: January 2013 © Northcentral University, 2013 Educators’ Attitudes and Perceptions of Inclusion Model: A Comparison Including Students with Mild, Moderate, and Severe Disabilities Concept Paper Submitted to Northcentral University Graduate Faculty of the School of Education in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF EDUCATION by Teriann S. Nash Prescott Valley, Arizona May- June 2014 Table of Contents Introduction 1 Statement of the Problem 1 Purpose of the Study 2 Research Questions 3 Hypotheses 4 Definition of Key Terms 5 Brief Review of the Literature 5 Summary 7 Research Method 7 Operational Definition of Variables 9 Measurement 10 Summary 11 References 12 Appendix A: Annotated Bibliography 13 Introduction Inclusion is the current terminology (replacing mainstreaming and integration) that is used to describe a classroom where students with and without disabilities learn together. According to Georgiadi, Kalyva, Koukoutas, and Tsakiris (2012), “Inclusion is defined as access to mainstream settings, where children with special educational needs are educated together with their typically...
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