...access to public places, and otherwise discriminated against because they wear hijab. Because of their visibility, Muslim women who wear hijab face particular exposure to inequality and have increasingly been targets for intimidation .While it is difficult to obtain accurate statistics about biased incidents, reported instances of discrimination appear to be on the rise. The same group reported that, in 2006, there were 154 cases of discrimination or harassment in which a Muslim woman's head covering was identified as the factor that triggered the incident. The most common complaint in these cases was being prohibited from wearing a head covering, which accounted for 44 incidents One expert has found that Muslim women who wear...
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...Introduction The Racial Discrimination Act was implemented in 1975 and was drafted in response to a global push to codify protections for Indigenous Australians and other racial minorities. Section 18C of this act makes it unlawful to offend, insult, humiliate or intimate an individual or a group of people on the basis of race, colour or national origin (Austlii.edu.au.) This clause was brought to the fore front of national debate as popular conservative columnist, Andrew Bolt, was found in violation of this law when he accused mix-raced Indigenous Australians of using their heritage to claim government benefits. The Abbott government pledged to repeal section 18C but has subsequently withdrawn the motion following severe backlash from the wider community (Aston.) South Australian Family First Senator, Bob Day, has since introduced a private member bill to repeal 18C, insisting that...
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...YEAR 10 ORAL PRESENTATION Due Date: First lesson back in term 4. You will work in pairs with for this oral presentation and will have to cover one of the following topics based on discrimination. * Racial and Ethnic Discrimination. * Sex and Gender Discrimination (Sexism). * Sexual Orientation Discrimination (Homosexual, Heterosexual, Bisexual). * Religious Discrimination. * Disability Discrimination. * Language Discrimination. * Employment Discrimination. _________________________________________________________ Each pair will be assigned a different topic. Once you have been assigned a topic you must ensure that you cover the following dot points in your oral presentation. Each dot point will be worth a different amount of marks and these are specific for you on the assessment rubric (found on the back of this sheet). * Define discrimination. * Define your topic of discrimination. * Discuss any policies, practices and laws (both positive and negative) that exist in Australia in regard to your topic of discrimination. * Discuss your own thoughts and beliefs about your topic of discrimination. * Create an idea of how to overcome this type of discrimination within Australia. _________________________________________________________ You are to use this class time to prepare your oral presentation and use your holiday time to do any extra preparation needed. All oral presentations will be presented in class during your first lesson...
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...that the Indigenous groups were pleased with the concept of nursing being given by same culture nurses, in fact they were asked for rather than the non Indigenous patients. This of course would give some positive feedback and acceptance for the new RNs. It is likely that some non Indigenous staff would not appreciate this, it causing some envy and further thoughts and treatment of the Aboriginal groups as ‘other’ holding consequences for them. Whilst others may appreciate knowledge of the local indigenous population. Such non acceptance demonstrates that although they have joined the system they are officially ‘in’ they have not been accepted as ‘part’ of it. This being a serious sign of discrimination from other staff and colleagues and a demonstration of ‘white privilege’. Such discrimination led to counselling and eventual resignation of one, then over a short time the health facility lost the other five Aboriginal RN’s. The white privilege theory shows the continuance of Australia’s’ history of building a nation with...
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...It is free for people to Free Speech and Free Press, as long as it is within the boundaries of the law. All other forms of speech and press can be restricted by Parliament. In Australia, the freedom of speech is legal as long as it is not a form of libel, slander, form of hate message or lie and threat. Australia has 2 key elements that make up freedom of speech: Freedom of Opinion where in an individual is allowed to hold opinions. There are no restrictions or exceptions to this right. Freedom of Expression relates to any medium such as written and oral communication, media, public protest and artistic works. This is not an absolute right, as it may be restricted in some areas in relation to publishing defamatory information about someone...
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...legislation, anti-discrimination legislation and managing diversity approaches. Discuss. Equality is the complicated theory to explain because of the wide variety of meaning attached to concept. Depends on the article of Jewson and Mason’s (1986), they express the equality in liberal and radical approach. In the liberal view, equal opportunity, this exists when all individuals are freely able to compete for social rewards. As Webb (1977) said, the liberal approach which is according to a belief in the rights of the individual to universally possible standards of justice and citizenship. The emphasis is on the individual, for example job selection should be focus on the merit of individual which performs fairly. On the other hand, the radical approach is to achieve not only the equal opportunity, but also the equal outcome. Compare to liberal approach, the focus of the radical approach is not on individuals, but on groups. “The ideal of the radical approach is a situation where every workforce is representative of all the social groups available to it” (Kaler, 2001: 53). For instance, although individual who is the group representative, the principle of selection will not choose the merit alone. To conclude, equality can be theorized in liberal and radical approach. Regard to the complicated conception of equality, to get the equal opportunity in employment which also is a complex and huge progress. It requires a mix of affirmative action legislation, anti-discrimination legislation...
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...question, but an understanding of the issue will be pursued. It is intended to discuss herein citizenship, within the context of Australia and its Indigenous peoples. It is necessary to explore the impacts of the laws and identify what it means to be a citizen, both in a historical and contemporary context. Examination of these laws would also reveal their impact upon the identity which citizenship infers. It is by necessity that the concept of citizenship be explored for Indigenous peoples,...
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...The changing role of women in Australia has come about largely through waves of feminism. The first wave brought women the vote in federal and State elections. The colonies began to grant manhood suffrage halfway through the nineteenth century, however, women were not included in the begining. When Australia reached Federation in 1901, it was agreed that all women should be given the vote at a federal level since women from South Australia and Western Australia already had a State vote. In 1902 all women were given the vote in federal elections except for those who were Indigenous Australians, or of Asian, African or Pacific Islander descent. Despite the enfranchisement, no woman was elected to an Australian parliament until 1921. The first federal female parliamentarians were not elected until 1943. This is just one example of how enfranchisement fell short of truly improving the lives of Australian women or changing attitudes about them. Women were still seen as nurturers who had no other destiny than to marry and raise children. The few women who did work (excluding the wealthy who were involved in voluntary work) not only had to find paid work, but also had to carry the burden of all housework and child-rearing. The notion of what jobs a woman could do expanded during World War I, but women's role in public life was still very limited. Factors which brought about the women's movement Contrary to popular belief, women's groups and activists remained active throughout the...
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...This how the doctrine of Terra Nullius of Australia ended. On the 20th May 1982, Eddie Koiki Mabo and 4 other Indigenous Meriam people began their legal claim for the ownership of their native lands on the island of Mer in the Torres Strait which separates Australia and Papua New Guinea. Mabo and his associates claimed that the Meriam people had, continuously inhabited and exclusively possessed their lands, lived in permanent as settled communities, and also had their own political and social organisation. On these grounds, the Mabo case sought recognition of the Meriam people’s rights to this land. (ADD THE LEGAL DEATAILS OF TERRA...
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...In Australia, the support and services provided for people with disabilities has long been underfunded, inequitable, and inefficient. In which has given people with disability’s little choice and no certainty of access to appropriate services (Reddihough, Meehan, Stott & Delacy, 2016). Often, individuals did not receive services nor support required and were often isolated and financially disadvantaged (Reddihough, Meehan, Stott & Delacy, 2016). People with Disabilities were often refused the basic rights that others take for granted. They were ignored, hidden, cursed and treated as unwanted (Verick, M, 2015). However, in 1908, the Australian Government introduced the Invalid pension that provided little independence to people with disabilities...
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...The Commonwealth of Australia was federated on the 1st of January 1901 after continuous efforts to make ends meet between the six British colonies. Federation is "the greatest political achievement in Australian history" as stated by John Hirst, however, some flaws cannot be overlooked and remains a weakness in the history of Australia. The type of government that was chosen was one that was extremely thorough which has helped strengthen Australia's stability. Sir Henry Parkes first established benefits from federating Australia which developed a shift in those in favour of a Federation. However, during the process of uniting Australia many were disregarded which caused a major flaw in the Federation that should have been dealt with at the...
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...This article talks of rice gouging as a pricing strategy followed by US companies vis-a-vis Australian consumers. We start with the concept of the strategy and the conditions required for its effectiveness. Next it is applied on the current situation that is the focus of the article. Lastly we try and assess the benefits and costs of this strategy. Price gouging is a form of price discrimination, where the producer/seller is able to discriminate between different consumers on the basis of his selling power or some feature of the consumer itself. Price gouging is negative in its implication as it involves charging higher prices from consumers in times of emergency, as the consumer has no choice. It is even treated as illegal in some economies. For example, if there is a hurricane and plywood manufacturers charge a higher price from consumers wishing to rebuild their homes, it is price gouging. This is because there is no change in the good provided or the cost of manufacturing that good. Producers are simply using the consumers’ emergency demand for plywood to boost profits for themselves. Another example is the rise in essential items prices when there is a curfew in riot affected areas. For the producer this makes sense as demand becomes inelastic in times of emergencies and he can charge a higher price and increase his profits. “Everyone engaged in a business who…engages in a policy of selling products in any area of the country at prices lower than those exacted by him elsewhere...
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...subjected to unsolicited and unwelcome sexual conduct by a person who stands in a position of power in relation to him or her”. [O’Callaghan v Loder (no 2) [1983] 3 NSW LR 89 at 92] The Sex Discrimination Act 1984 (Cth) makes sexual harassment unlawful. Sexual harassment continues to be a gender issue where one third of the women have experienced some kind of harassment from the age of 15 compared to one in ten men. (AHRC 2008 National Survey finidings) Nearly one in five complaints received by the Australian Human Rights Commission under theSex Discrimination Act 1984 (Cth) relate to sexual harassment. The vast majority of these take place in the workplace.2 (Australian Human Rights Commission, 'Annual Report 2006-2007') A telephone poll commissioned by the Commission in 2003 found that over 28 per cent of women had experienced sexual harassment in the workplace, compared to seven per cent of men. Less than one third of interviewees from the Commission's telephone survey who experienced sexual harassment in the workplace made a formal report or complaint about the sexual harassment. (Australian Human Rights Commission, '20 Years On: The Challenges Continue, Sexual Harassment in the Australian Workplace' (2004)) One of the many findings of the 2008 listening tour is that in Australia 22% of women and 5% of men aged 18-64 have experienced sexual harassment in the workplace in their lifetime, compared to 28% of women and 7% of men in 2003. A...
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...not be able to apply for an unfair dismissal, even though it seemed that she was put under pressure to resign (WRS Centre, 2009). Mel should take her case in front of the federal court as the unlawful acts all fall under the Federal Legislation; under the Sex Discrimination Act 1984. The first step Mel should take is to lodge a form to the Australian Human Rights Commission, either by email, online or by phone. After having the complaint reviewed the commission will decide whether the complaint is suitable for the parties to recon ciliate or not. Assuming if the parties do not agree reconciliation then the complaint is brought to the attention of the Federal Court of Australia. Issue: Whether Widgets & Gadgets discriminated against Mel Alcholy on the grounds of her pregnancy by changing her employment conditions which of disadvantaged her and additionally whether Mel was pressured into reducing her working hours and changing from fulltime employment to part time employment. Law: The following law applies to Mel’s case: * Sex Discrimination Act 1984, section 7, Discrimination on the ground of pregnancy or potential pregnancy (Austlii, 2012); with reference to case Sheaves V AAPT 2006. Furthermore Sex discrimination Act 1984, Section 7- 1 paragraph B states: a person discriminates against a woman on the ground of the aggrieved woman’s pregnancy because of a characteristic that appertains generally to women who are pregnant or potentially pregnant (Austlii, 2012), with reference...
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...Workplace and Employment Discrimination Issues in respect to Indigenous Australians Social indicators measuring wellbeing have shown that, as a group, indigenous Australians are the most vulnerable group of people who have the lowest economic status. The high unemployment rate is one of the main contributing factors to indigenous Australian’s poverty. In 1996, Australian indigenous unemployment rate was nearly 23 per cent in contrast to the non-indigenous rate of 9 per cent. Indigenous Australians suffer discrimination and face prejudices that are often perpetuated within Societies especially in the area of employment. In 1965 Australia signed the International Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Racial Discrimination (CERD). In order to fulfill the requirements of the Convention the federal Parliament passed the Racial Discrimination Act 1975 (Cth) (RDA) and the States have passed the RDA’s equivalent Acts to protect all culture groups and races from discrimination. However, in Queensland the RDA and Anti- Discrimination Act can not adequately protect the interest of indigenous people. In order to achieve true equality among all human races, special measures are needed to protect indigenous people from unfair discrimination. 184 words Part one: Anti- Discrimination Act of Queensland 1.1 Indirect discrimination Section 11 of the Act states indirect discrimination happens if a person imposes or proposes to impose, a term- a) With which an attribute...
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